The Effect of Bacillus subtilis on Bioethanol Production from Ambon Banana (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum Linn) Peels by Using Fermentation Process

Abstract -The breakthrough to optimize Indonesia's energy is by utilizing abundant renewable energy sources. Its geographic location has the potential to become a country with the largest renewable energy source in the world. The potential energy that comes from vegetables is called bioethanol. Bioethanol is an organic fuel produced by bioethanol fermentation. It can be an alternative material for making sanitary products amid the increasing spread ofCOVID-19 in Indonesia.So the authors try to innovate how to use Ambon Banana (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum Linn) peels to become bioethanol. This research aimed to investigate the effect of Bacillus subtilis in the fermentation of bioethanol production from Ambon banana peels. The methods used were pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation, and distillation. Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae ratio (10: 5 and 5: 5) use for obtaining high ethanol yields, as well as variations in pH 2 and 6 in the fermentation starter. The variable were designed by using Factorial Design. The result shows the yeast ratio of B. subtilis and S. cerevisiae (10: 5) resulted the highest concentration of bioethanol (6%) in 6 days. In acidic conditions (pH 2), the bacteria don’t grow optimally. The higher concentration of bioethanol (6%) was reached  in pH 6.The research supports the Government Program Reducing the dependency of fossil fuels and innovation to produce sanitary product from bioethanol.Abstract -The breakthrough to optimize Indonesia's energy is by utilizing abundant renewable energy sources. Its geographic location has the potential to become a country with the largest renewable energy source in the world. The potential energy that comes from vegetables is called bioethanol. Bioethanol is an organic fuel produced by bioethanol fermentation. It can be an alternative material for making sanitary products amid the increasing spread ofCOVID-19 in Indonesia.So the authors try to innovate how to use Ambon Banana (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum Linn) peels to become bioethanol. This research aimed to investigate the effect of Bacillus subtilis in the fermentation of bioethanol production from Ambon banana peels. The methods used were pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation, and distillation. Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae ratio (10: 5 and 5: 5) use for obtaining high ethanol yields, as well as variations in pH 2 and 6 in the fermentation starter. The variable were designed by using Factorial Design. The result shows the yeast ratio of B. subtilis and S. cerevisiae (10: 5) resulted the highest concentration of bioethanol (6%) in 6 days. In acidic conditions (pH 2), the bacteria don’t grow optimally. The higher concentration of bioethanol (6%) was reached  in pH 6.The research supports the Government Program Reducing the dependency of fossil fuels and innovation to produce sanitary product from bioethanol

CALCULATION OF COST OF PRODUCTION AT UD. OPAK RIZKY

This study aims to assist companies in preparing cost of goods produced reports. The population in this study is data on costs related to cost of goods produced, namely raw material costs, direct labor costs and factory overhead costs UD. OPAK RIZKY TUNTUNGAN from the establishment of the company since 2009 until now. The sample in this study is data regarding costs related to cost of goods produced, namely raw material costs, direct labor costs and factory overhead costs for one month in 2023. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation techniques. The data analysis technique used is a descriptive method with a quantitative approach with the method used in calculating the cost of goods produced is to use the process costing method. The results of the research conducted are the calculation of the cost of goods produced according to the author's calculations at UD.OPAK RIZKY TUNTUNGAN shows that in August 2023 based on calculations using the process costing method is IDR 151,162,167 with a production cost per kg of IDR 4,256.9

De "Lex Ecclesiae Fundamentalis" : een gemiste kans of een kansloze misser?

Jarenlang is er gewerkt aan een fundamentele wet van de Kerk. Allerlei problemen rezen echter in dit traject, zodat de Lex Ecclesiae Fundamentalis nooit in kracht is gezet. Constant bleken de meningen over de Lex Ecclesiae Fundamentalis als hoogste wet naast het kerkelijk wetboek (Codex) in de R.K.-Kerk zeer divers te zijn. Qua geschiedenis is de Lex Ecclesiae Fundamentalis dan ook een interessant onderzoeksproject! Behalve kerkhistorisch, poogt deze dissertatie ook kerkjuridische en ecclesiologische accenten systematisch te ontvouwen. Eigen aan de problematiek was de vermenging tussen canoniek recht en theologie. Diverse kerkmodellen dienden in de fundamentele wet geïncorporeerd te worden. Aan de andere kant speelde het constitutionele recht uit het staatsrecht een rol. Naast deze twee elementen besteedt het onderzoek ook aandacht aan de vraag op welke wijze het 'goddelijk recht' en de 'mensenrechten' gestalte kregen in de fundamentele wet van de Kerk. Keer op keer bleek de grote vermenging tussen theologische en canoniek juridische opvattingen een groot spanningsveld op te leveren binnen de discussie over de fundamentele wet van de Kerk. Tenslotte werd daarom onderzocht of dit spanningsveld overwinbaar is, opdat kan blijken dat een fundamentele wet voor de Kerk niet kansloos was, maar eerder een gemiste kans is geweest in de geschiedenis van de Ker

Gaudentii Jocosi Nugæ Doctæ Et Inauditæ, Seu Thesaurus eventibus hujus temporis variis ...

GAUDENTII JOCOSI NUGÆ DOCTÆ ET INAUDITÆ, SEU THESAURUS EVENTIBUS HUJUS TEMPORIS VARIIS ... Gaudentii Jocosi Nugæ Doctæ Et Inauditæ, Seu Thesaurus eventibus hujus temporis variis ... (1) Einband (1) Frontispiz (3) Titelseite (4) Praefatio & Dedicatio (6) Doctæ Nugæ Ad Fallendum Tempus (14) Repertorium praesentis libri (294

[Commentarii in generalia Statuta Ordinis S. Francisci Fratrum Minorum provinciis nationis Germano-Belgicae in Capitulo Generali Toletano anno 1633 accommodata ac posterioribus Ordinis decisionibus illustrata]

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Doctæ Nugæ Gaudentii Jocosi, Consistentes in diversis Narrationibus & Eventibus hujus temporis ; scitu non tam jucundis ad fallendum tempus occasione honesti otii, quam utilibus ad diversos hominum mores corrigendos ; Per Risum Conclusum est contra Melancholicos

DOCTÆ NUGÆ GAUDENTII JOCOSI, CONSISTENTES IN DIVERSIS NARRATIONIBUS & EVENTIBUS HUJUS TEMPORIS ; SCITU NON TAM JUCUNDIS AD FALLENDUM TEMPUS OCCASIONE HONESTI OTII, QUAM UTILIBUS AD DIVERSOS HOMINUM MORES CORRIGENDOS ; PER RISUM CONCLUSUM EST CONTRA MELANCHOLICOS Doctæ Nugæ Gaudentii Jocosi, Consistentes in diversis Narrationibus & Eventibus hujus temporis ; scitu non tam jucundis ad fallendum tempus occasione honesti otii, quam utilibus ad diversos hominum mores corrigendos ; Per Risum Conclusum est contra Melancholicos (1) Einband (1) Frontispiz (4) Titelseite (5) Praefatio & Dedicatio (7) Consistentes in diversis Narrationibus & Eventibus hujus temporis (15) Repertorium praesentis libri (301

Commentarii in generalia statuta Ordinis S. Francisci Fratrum Minorum provinciis nationis Germano-Belgiae in Capitulo Generali Toletano anno 1633 accommodata ac postirioribus Ordinis decisionibus illustrata

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Commentarii in generalia statuta Ordinis S. Francisci Fratrum Minorum Provinciis Nationis Germano-Belgicae in Capitulo Generali Toletano anno 1633 ... : opus variis theologicis, canonicis moralibus ...

Tít. na antep.: R.P. Gaudentii Kerckhove Commentarii in Statuta Generalia Ordinis S. FrancisciSign.: a, A-Z, 2A-2E, 2F-2G, 2H-2K, 2LTexto a dúas colPort. a dúas tintas con grav. xilAnte

Methodus corrigendi regulares, seu Praxis criminalis Fratribus Minoribus propria : omni regulari judici accommodata

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De visitatione cuiuscumque praelati regularis et simul de iurisdictione eiusdem, extra actum visitandi : dubitationes posthumae

Texto a dos colSign. : a\p4\s, A-Z\p4\s, 2A-2Z\p4\s, 3A-3Z\p4\s, 4A-4K\p4\s, 4L\p3\sPort. con grab. xi