Intestinal Parasitic Infections of School Children in Kwale District of Coast Province, Kenya

The study was carried out to determine the geographical distribution of intestinal parasitic infection in Kwale district, Kenya in 1981. Stool specimens were obtained from the school children and were examined for the presence of both helminth ova and protozoan cysts. Entamoeba coli, Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm and Trichuris trichiura were found to be common in the area. The prevalence of ascariasis and trichuriasis showed similar geographical distribution among divisions. The prevalence were high in both Central and Southhern but relatively low in Kinango and Kubo divisions. However, the geographical distribution of prevalence of E. coli and hookworm infections were different from those of ascariasis and trichuriasis. These results might reflect the differences of the population densities, the water sources and the sanitary conditions

Change in Haematuria and Proteinuria Levels in Urinary Schistosomiasis after Treatment with Praziquantel : Population-based Study in a Kenyan Community

In order to investigate efficacy of praziquantel (biltricide) on morbidity related to Schistosoma haematobium infection, 300 subjects of which 219 had eggs in the urine were examined for urinary eggs, blood and protein before and three months after treatment. Haematuria and proteinuria disappeared in 80.4% and 75.5% of the studied subjects respectively. The disappearance rates were not related to pre-treatment levels of haematuria and proteinuria. The rates both for haematuria and proteinuria were significantly lower in the age group 15 years and over than in the younger age group. Parasitologically, praziquantel cured 85.3% of the egg positives and reduced the mean egg count by 98.2%

ビルハルツ住血吸虫症患者の検尿方法の比較および虫卵排泄に及ぼす昼食の影響

ビルハルツ住血吸虫症の疫学調査で必要な排世虫卵数をより正確に表わす方法を見つける目的で，ケニア国においてビルハルツ住血吸虫症患者から4日間連続して採尿し，排池虫卵数を4通りの方法，すなわち(1)egg counts/1Oml，(2) egg counts/specimen，(3) egg counts/hourおよび(4)食事後のegg counts/hourで表わし，その変動(日差)の大きさを比較した。方法毎の排地虫卵数の変動は(1)(2)(3)(4)の順に小きくなり，排地虫卵数を表わす方法としてはegg counts/hourが適当であると考えられた。また排池虫卵数と患者尿量の聞に相関は認められなかった。患者に食事を与えた後に採原した場合には，与えない場合に比べて，排地虫卵数が増加した。その増加の程度は排地虫卵数が少ない患者において大きかった。Four different egg count methods (egg counts per 10ml, egg counts per specimen, egg counts per hour and post-prandial egg counts per hour) were applied to expression of the intensity of infection with S. haematobium. Egg counts per hour and post-prandial egg counts per hour revealed less variable results than egg counts per 10 ml and egg counts per specimen. Egg counts per hour seemed to be suitable for expression of intensity of infection with S. haematobium. No correlation between egg number and urine volume was shown. The post-prandial effect on egg-output of S. haematobium was much higher in the low egg-output group than in the high and middle egg-output groups