Los impactos de las tic en la contratación laboral y la compensación salarial en la banca colombiana

As result of an investigation on the impact of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the labor dynamics of the Colombian banks, there are identified the impacts associated with the TIC on the changes in the labor contracting and the wage compensation in the Colombian banking. The investigation was orientated on two groups, specific subjects: the first one, employees or workers of 10 banks selected of a total of 21 with presence in the country, and second, presidents or vice-presidents of technology of the same banks. For the group of the workers a structured questionnaire was in use, and for the group of the presidents and vice-presidents, an interview in depth. We present the results of the investigations of a representative sample (n = 122), and the opinions of bank experts represented in 3 presidents of banks and 5 vice-presidents of technology. The findings surrendered to discussion with the empirical and theoretical studies of the specialized literature. The positive impacts of the TIC are demonstrated as innovative contribution of the present study in relation by the labor variables here treated.Como resultado de una investigación sobre el impacto de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) en las dinámicas laborales de la empresa bancaria colombiana, se identifican los impactos asociados a las TIC sobre los cambios en la contratación laboral y la compensación salarial en la banca colombiana.Se orientó la investigación sobre dos grupos, sujetos específicos: el primero, empleados o trabajadores de 10 bancos seleccionados de un total de 21 con presencia en el país, y el segundo, presidentes o vicepresidentes de tecnología de los mismos bancos. Para el grupo de los trabajadores se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado, y para el grupo de los presidentes y vicepresidentes, una entrevista en profundidad. Se presentan los resultados de las indagaciones de una muestra representativa (n= 122) trabajadores, y las opiniones de expertos bancarios representados en 3 presidentes de bancos y 5 vicepresidentes de tecnología. Los hallazgos se sometieron a discusión con los estudios empíricos y teóricos de la literatura especializada. Se evidencia como aporte innovador del presente estudio los impactos positivos de las TIC en relación con las variables laborales aquí tratadas

Association of Candidate Gene Polymorphisms With Chronic Kidney Disease: Results of a Case-Control Analysis in the Nefrona Cohort

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular disease and premature death. Despite classical clinical risk factors for CKD and some genetic risk factors have been identified, the residual risk observed in prediction models is still high. Therefore, new risk factors need to be identified in order to better predict the risk of CKD in the population. Here, we analyzed the genetic association of 79 SNPs of proteins associated with mineral metabolism disturbances with CKD in a cohort that includes 2, 445 CKD cases and 559 controls. Genotyping was performed with matrix assisted laser desorption ionizationtime of flight mass spectrometry. We used logistic regression models considering different genetic inheritance models to assess the association of the SNPs with the prevalence of CKD, adjusting for known risk factors. Eight SNPs (rs1126616, rs35068180, rs2238135, rs1800247, rs385564, rs4236, rs2248359, and rs1564858) were associated with CKD even after adjusting by sex, age and race. A model containing five of these SNPs (rs1126616, rs35068180, rs1800247, rs4236, and rs2248359), diabetes and hypertension showed better performance than models considering only clinical risk factors, significantly increasing the area under the curve of the model without polymorphisms. Furthermore, one of the SNPs (the rs2248359) showed an interaction with hypertension, being the risk genotype affecting only hypertensive patients. We conclude that 5 SNPs related to proteins implicated in mineral metabolism disturbances (Osteopontin, osteocalcin, matrix gla protein, matrix metalloprotease 3 and 24 hydroxylase) are associated to an increased risk of suffering CKD

Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Spread of a SARS-CoV-2 variant through Europe in the summer of 2020

[EN] Following its emergence in late 2019, the spread of SARS-CoV-21,2 has been tracked by phylogenetic analysis of viral genome sequences in unprecedented detail3,4,5. Although the virus spread globally in early 2020 before borders closed, intercontinental travel has since been greatly reduced. However, travel within Europe resumed in the summer of 2020. Here we report on a SARS-CoV-2 variant, 20E (EU1), that was identified in Spain in early summer 2020 and subsequently spread across Europe. We find no evidence that this variant has increased transmissibility, but instead demonstrate how rising incidence in Spain, resumption of travel, and lack of effective screening and containment may explain the variant’s success. Despite travel restrictions, we estimate that 20E (EU1) was introduced hundreds of times to European countries by summertime travellers, which is likely to have undermined local efforts to minimize infection with SARS-CoV-2. Our results illustrate how a variant can rapidly become dominant even in the absence of a substantial transmission advantage in favourable epidemiological settings. Genomic surveillance is critical for understanding how travel can affect transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and thus for informing future containment strategies as travel resumes.S

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

Estudios de Caso sobre Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales en el siglo XXI.

Libro científico sobre estudios de casos en el medio agropecuario y ruralCon el advenimiento del siglo XXI y el avance de los procesos de globalización, el medio rural presenta diversos cambios económicos, sociales, políticos y culturales. Lo anterior significa que el campo es un objeto de estudio altamente dinámico, complejo e inasible. las ciencias agropecuarias y rurales, en la actualidad, requieren de un abordaje sistémico e interdisciplinario que den cuenta de la heterogeneidad de situaciones y contextos que enfrenta el campo mexicano. La presente obra agrupa 18 estudios de caso, que capturan algunas fotografías de las diversas problemáticas de la ruralidad mexicana, con lo cual se pretende dar cuenta tanto de los objetivos de estudio como de la perspectiva teórico metodológico desde que estos son abordados. lo anterior tiene que ver con el hecho de que las ciencias agropecuarias y rurales manifiestan un alto grado de observación empírica, motivo por el que los estudios de caso se convierten en la perspectiva metodológica idónea que permite ir y venir de la realidad a la teoría y viceversa para la construcción de objetos de estudio. En este volumen se aborda una gran diversidad de casos, que sintetizan la heterogeneidad de enfoques y perspectivas mediante las cuales los fenómenos agropecuarios y rurales han sido abordados en el Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, en los últimos 30 años

Estudio comparativo del dimensionado estático y dinámico de un edificio de estructura metálica

En este estudio se compara el dimensionado de los elementos estructurales para una estructura metálica constituida por 13 plantas. El edificio tiene una funcionalidad administrativa, la tipología va a ser una estructura metálica con uniones atornilladas, forjado colaborante y un núcleo de ascensores que hacen de rigidización contra cargas laterales de viento y de sismo. Con el objetivo de mostrar cual sería la variación, ante un caso estático y dinámico, sobre el dimensionado de pilares, vigas, viguetas, cimentación y uniones, para una estructura que está localizada en una zona de peligrosidad sísmica como es el caso de Granada. Cumpliendo la normativa vigente y garantizando la viabilidad de la estructura. Para llevar a cabo la realización del estudio, será necesario desarrollar el modelo de cálculo, a través del software comercial I-DEAS NX6 desarrollado por Siemens, para la elaboración del modelo y desde el cual realizaremos los estudios de carga estática y dinámica de la estructura, empleando el método de elementos finitos (MEF). A partir del modelo generado se incluirán los estados de carga para cada caso, obtenidos a partir del DBSE (Documento Básico de Seguridad Estructural) y NCSE-02 (Normativa del Código Sismoresistente). Una vez que el programa haya realizado los cálculos de la estructura, se procesarán los resultados y dependiendo de las solicitaciones de la estructura se aumentará o disminuirá la sección de los perfiles, en función de las necesidades del edificio. Una vez que el dimensionado de la estructura cumpla con las especificaciones, se podrá completar el estudio con el cálculo de la cimentación para las hipótesis obtenidas y de las uniones atornilladas para las situaciones más desfavorables, en pilares de medianera e interiores para simplificar el cálculo. Finalmente los resultados obtenidos, en cada caso de estudio, se analizarán de forma conjunta. De esta forma se podrán determinar las diferencias entre ambos casos, y comprobar si es significativa la realización de un cálculo dinámico para un emplazamiento con peligrosidad sísmica

Los impactos de las TT.II.CC. En la contratación laboral y la compensación salarial en la banca colombiana

As result of an investigation on the impact of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the labor dynamics of the Colombian banks, there are identified the impacts associated with the TT.II.CC. on the changes in the labor contracting and the wage compensation in the Colombian banking. The investigation was orientated on two groups, specific subjects: the first one, employees or workers of 10 banks selected of a total of 21 with presence in the country, and second, presidents or vice-presidents of technology of the same banks. For the group of the workers a structured questionnaire was in use, and for the group of the presidents and vicepresidents, an interview in depth. We present the results of the investigations of a representative sample (n = 122), and the opinions of bank experts represented in 3 presidents of banks and 5 vice-presidents of technology. The findings surrendered to discussion with the empirical and theoretical studies of the specialized literature. The positive impacts of the TT.II.CC. are demonstrated as innovative contribution of the present study in relation by the labor variables here treated.Como resultado de una investigación sobre el impacto de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TT.II.CC.) en las dinámicas laborales de la empresa bancaria colombiana, se identifican los impactos asociados a las TT.II.CC. sobre los cambios en la contratación laboral y la compensación salarial en la banca colombiana. Se orientó la investigación sobre dos grupos, sujetos específicos: el primero, empleados o trabajadores de 10 bancos seleccionados de un total de 21 con presencia en el país, y el segundo, presidentes o vicepresidentes de tecnología de los mismos bancos. Para el grupo de los trabajadores se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado, y para el grupo de los presidentes y vicepresidentes, una entrevista en profundidad. Se presentan los resultados de las indagaciones de una muestra representativa (n= 122) trabajadores, y las opiniones de expertos bancarios representados en 3 presidentes de bancos y 5 vicepresidentes de tecnología. Los hallazgos se sometieron a discusión con los estudios empíricos y teóricos de la literatura especializada. Se evidencia como aporte innovador del presente estudio los impactos positivos de las TT.II.CC. en relación con las variables laborales aquí tratadas

Spectroscopic characterization and Langmuir-Blodgett films of a novel azopolymer material.

Spectroscopic characterization and fabrication of Langmuir and Langmuir−Blodgett (LB) films of an azopolymer−pyridine (PAzPy) are reported. UV−visible absorption and fluorescence spectra, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and Raman spectra were recorded. The vibrational assignment of the observed spectra is supported by a complete geometry optimization, followed by vibrational frequency and intensity computations of both the trans and cis forms of the monomer (AzPy) using density functional theory at the B3LYP 6-31G(d,p) level of theory. Langmuir monolayers of the polymer (PAzPy) were formed at the water−air interface, and LB films of high quality were formed onto solid substrates. The polymer LB films were investigated by surface-enhanced Raman scattering.Peer reviewe

Expanded and activated allogeneic NK cells are cytotoxic against B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells with sporadic cases of resistance

International audienceAdoptive transfer of allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells is becoming a credible immunotherapy for hematological malignancies. In the present work, using an optimized expansion/activation protocol of human NK cells, we generate expanded NK cells (eNK) with increased expression of CD56 and NKp44, while maintaining that of CD16. These eNK cells exerted significant cytotoxicity against cells from 34 B‑CLL patients, with only 1 sample exhibiting resistance. This sporadic resistance did not correlate with match between KIR ligands expressed by the eNK cells and the leukemic cells, while cells with match resulted sensitive to eNK cells. This suggests that KIR mismatch is not relevant when expanded NK cells are used as effectors. In addition, we found two examples of de novo resistance to eNK cell cytotoxicity during the clinical course of the disease. Resistance correlated with KIR‑ligand match in one of the patients, but not in the other, and was associated with a significant increase in PD‑L1 expression in the cells from both patients. Treatment of one of these patients with idelalisib correlated with the loss of PD‑L1 expression and with re‑sensitization to eNK cytotoxicity. We confirmed the idelalisib‑induced decrease in PD‑L1 expression in the B‑CLL cell line Mec1 and in cultured cells from B‑CLL patients. As a main conclusion, our results reinforce the feasibility of using expanded and activated allogeneic NK cells in the treatment of B‑CLL