Considering Convergence: A Policy Dialogue About Behavioral Genetics, Neuroscience, and Law

Garland and Frankel issue a call for scientists, lawyers, courts and lawmakers to begin a critical dialogue about the implications of scientific discoveries and technological advances in criminal law, behavioral genetics and neuroscience

The Application of Function Points to Predict Source Lines of Code for Software Development

This research investigated the results of using function point analysis-based estimates to predict source lines of code (SLOC) for software development projects. The majority of software cost and effort estimating parametric tools are categorized as SLOC-based, meaning SLOC is the primary input. Early in a program, an accurate estimate of SLOC is difficult to project. Function points, another parametric software estimating tool, bases software cost and effort estimates on the functionality of a system. This functionality is described by documents available early in a program. Using a modeling methodology, the research focuses on function point\u27s ability to accurately estimate SLOC in the military and commercial environments. Although a significant relationship exists in both environments, none of the models provided a goodness of fit. predictive capability, and significance level to make them acceptable models, especially noted in the variability of the estimates of SLOC. The need to use models developed in similar environments was made clear. The concept of function point to SLOC conversion tables was assessed and was justified. However, the conversion tables to be used should be based on similar programs developed in similar environments. Universally applicable function point to SLOC conversion tables were not supported by this research

Submerged culture production of 5\u27-phosphodiesterase by streptomyces albus

The flavor enhancing properties of certain 5\u27-ribonucleotides have been known for some time. In 1913, Kodama (20)* reported on the seasoning effect of inosine-5-phosphate (5’-IMP). This compound was also identified as one of the important beef flavor precursors by Batzer and LandMann (3). Kuninaka (21) found that guanosine-5-phosphate (5\u27-GMP) and xanthine-5-phosphate (5\u27-XMP) also had a flavoring effect similar to 5’-IMP. Snake venom (16) and intestional mucosa (6) were known as sources of 5\u27-phosphodiesterase capable of hydrolyzing the phosphate ester link-ages of ribonucleic acid (RNA) to produce 5\u27-ribonucleotides. Recently, it has been discovered that many microorganisms (22,23,25,26,27) produce 5\u27-phosphodiesterase. Therefore, it has become possible to use certain microorganisms as sources of 5\u27-phosphodiesterase for use in production of 5\u27-ribonucleotides from RNA. With this in mind, a strain of Strep-tomyces albus, known to produce 5\u27-phosphodiesterase in submerged cul-ture (23), was studied to determine the effects of various factors (pH, temperature, and nutrients) on growth and enzyme production and to scale up production from laboratory to pilot-plant quantity

THE SLOW COMPONENT OF OXYGEN UPTAKE AND THE MEAN POWER FREQUENCY OF EMG DURING HEAW INTENSITY EXERCISE

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms causing the slow component of oxygen uptake (VO2), by investigating changes in exercising muscle electrical activity. Volunteers performed square-wave dynamic knee extension exercise. Surface EMG of the rectus femoris was used to measure mean power frequency (MPF) and integrated (IEMG) values for each contraction. VO2 was measured breath-by-breath using a mass spectrometer. During 'heavy' intensity exercise eliciting a VO2 slow component and muscle fatigue, there was no decrease in MPF, which contrasts with 'severe' exercise where the MPF decreased as muscle fatigue occurred. Results from this study suggest a change in fibre recruitment from slow-twitch to oxygen-inefficient high-frequency fasttwitch fibres during fatiguing exercise as the cause of the VO2 slow component

Matching small β\beta functions using centroid jitter and two beam position monitors

Matching to small beta functions is required to preserve emittance in plasma accelerators. The plasma wake provides strong focusing fields, which typically require beta functions on the mm-scale, comparable to those found in the final focusing of a linear collider. Such beams can be time consuming to experimentally produce and diagnose. We present a simple, fast, and noninvasive method to measure Twiss parameters in a linac using two beam position monitors only, relying on the similarity of the beam phase space and the jitter phase space. By benchmarking against conventional quadrupole scans, the viability of this technique was experimentally demonstrated at the FLASHForward plasma-accelerator facility.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure

Physical Chemistry

Contains a report on a research project

Kate Martin: Individual and Couples Therapist and Workshop Leader

Whether she is working as therapist with a couple in crisis in her office or leading a workshop in a church fellowship hall, Kate sees this as her way, as she says, of answering God\u27s call to bring redemption