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Effective Hamiltonian approach to adiabatic approximation in open systems
The adiabatic approximation in open systems is formulated through the
effective Hamiltonian approach. By introducing an ancilla, we embed the open
system dynamics into a non-Hermitian quantum dynamics of a composite system,
the adiabatic evolution of the open system is then defined as the adiabatic
dynamics of the composite system. Validity and invalidity conditions for this
approximation are established and discussed. A High-order adiabatic
approximation for open systems is introduced. As an example, the adiabatic
condition for an open spin- particle in time-dependent magnetic
fields is analyzed.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure