122 research outputs found
Perturbative and non-perturbative aspects of moments of the thrust distribution in e+e- annihilation
Resummation and power-corrections play a crucial role in the phenomenology of
event-shape variables like the thrust T. Previous investigations showed that
the perturbative contribution to the average thrust is dominated by gluons of
small invariant mass, of the order of 10% of Q, where Q is the center-of-mass
energy. The effect of soft gluons is also important, leading to a
non-perturbative 1/Q correction. These conclusions are based on renormalon
analysis in the single dressed gluon (SDG) approximation. Here we analyze
higher moments of the thrust distribution using a similar technique. We find
that the characteristic gluon invariant mass contributing to
increases with m. Yet, for m=2 this scale is quite low, around 27% of Q, and
therefore renormalon resummation is still very important. On the other hand,
the power-correction to from a single soft gluon emission is found to
be highly suppressed: it scales as 1/Q^3. In practice, and higher
moments depend also on soft gluon emission from configurations of three hard
partons, which may lead to alpha_s(Q^2)/Q power-corrections. This issue is yet
to be investigated.Comment: 27 pages including 3 postscript figures; final version - to appear in
JHEP; note the extended discussion in the conclusion sectio
Infrared singularities in multi-leg scattering amplitudes
I discuss the state-of-the-art knowledge of long-distance singularities in
multi-leg gauge-theory scattering amplitudes and report on an on-going
calculation of the three-loop soft anomalous dimension through the
renormalization of correlators of semi-infinite Wilson lines. I also discuss
the non-Abelian exponentiation theorem that has been recently generalised to
multiple Wilson lines and demonstrate its application in computing the soft
anomalous dimension. Finally, I present recent results for
multiple-gluon-exchange webs and discuss their analytic structure.Comment: 16 page, 5 figure
Soft and Collinear Radiation and Factorization in Perturbation Theory and Beyond
Power corrections to differential cross sections near a kinematic threshold
are analysed by Dressed Gluon Exponentiation. Exploiting the factorization
property of soft and collinear radiation, the dominant radiative corrections in
the threshold region are resummed, yielding a renormalization-scale-invariant
expression for the Sudakov exponent. The interplay between Sudakov logs and
renormalons is clarified, and the necessity to resum the latter whenever power
corrections are non-negligible is emphasized. The presence of power-suppressed
ambiguities in the exponentiation kernel suggests that power corrections
exponentiate as well. This leads to a non-perturbative factorization formula
with non-trivial predictions on the structure of power corrections, which can
be contrasted with the OPE. Two examples are discussed. The first is
event-shape distributions in the two-jet region, where a wealth of precise data
provides a strong motivation for the improved perturbative technique and an
ideal situation to study hadronization. The second example is deep inelastic
structure functions. In contrast to event shapes, structure functions have an
OPE. However, since the OPE breaks down at large x, it does not provide a
practical framework for the parametrization of power corrections. Performing a
detailed analysis of twist 4 it is shown precisely how the twist-2 renormalon
ambiguity eventually cancels out. This analysis provides a physical picture
which substantiates the non-perturbative factorization conjecture.Comment: 11 pages, 6 postscript figures; talk presented at the XXXVII
Rencontres de Moriond `QCD and high energy hadronic interactions', Les Arcs,
France, and at the Workshop `Continuous Advances in QCD 2002/Arkadyfest',
Minnesot
Resummation and power corrections by Dressed Gluon Exponentiation
Event-shape distributions in annihilation offer a unique lab oratory
for understanding perturbative and non-perturbative aspects of QCD. Dressed
Gluon Exponentiation is a resummation method designed to evaluate differ ential
cross sections close to a kinematic threshold and provide the basis for
parametrization of power corrections. The method and its application in the
case of the thrust and the heavy jet mass distributions in the two-jet region
are briefly presented.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures in ps, talk given at XXXI International Symposium
on Multiparticle Dynamics, Sept 1-7, 2001, Datong China. URL
http://ismd31.ccnu.edu.cn
Infrared singularities in QCD amplitudes
We review recent progress in determining the infrared singularity structure
of on-shell scattering amplitudes in massless gauge theories. We present a
simple ansatz where soft singularities of any scattering amplitude of massless
partons, to any loop order, are written as a sum over colour dipoles, governed
by the cusp anomalous dimension. We explain how this formula was obtained, as
the simplest solution to a newly-derived set of equations constraining the
singularity structure to all orders. We emphasize the physical ideas underlying
this derivation: the factorization of soft and collinear modes, the special
properties of soft gluon interactions, and the notion of the cusp anomaly.
Finally, we briefly discuss potential multi-loop contributions going beyond the
sum-over-dipoles formula, which cannot be excluded at present.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures. To be published in the proceedings of 23rd Les
Rencontres de Physique de la Vallee d'Aoste, La Thuile, Aosta Valley, Italy,
1 - 7 March 200
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