Programa de transferência de tecnologias para Sistemas de Integração Lavoura-Pecuária.

O cerrado brasileiro ocupa 24% da área do país. A Embrapa sempre direcionou esforços para geração de tecnologias para as condições deste bioma. Em função dos resultados obtidos com o Sistema de Integração Lavoura-Pecuária, o MAPA, o MCT e a Embrapa, procurou-se acelerar o processo de adoção desta técnica pelos agropecuaristas na região do cerrado. Em 2004, foi elaborado um programa de transferência de tecnologia para Sistemas de Integração Lavoura-Pecuária nesta região

Assessment of SPLAT formulations to control Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera:Tortricidae) in a Brazilian apple orchard.

Mating disruption is a technique that uses synthetic copies of sex pheromones to control insect pests. We aimed to control Oriental fruit moth (OFM) Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) with formulations of SPLAT Grafo (SG) and SPLAT Grafo Attract and Kill (SGAK) in small (1 ha) apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchards. Our experiment was conducted in a commercial orchard with Gala trees (spacing 1.5 × 4.5 m) in Vacaria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. We evaluated the effect of four treatments on G. molesta population densities: a) SG at 1 kg ha-1 (300 point sources of 3.3 g each), b) SGAK at 1 kg ha-1 (1000 point sources of 1 g each), c) insecticides as recommended by Integrated Apple Production (IAP), and d) untreated control (no treatment). Specialized Pheromone and Lure Application Technology (SPLAT) treatments were applied on 1 August 2004 and reapplied after 120 d (1 December 2004). The treatment effect was evaluated by weekly counts of males captured in Delta traps baited with commercial synthetic sex pheromone lures (eight traps per treatment). We assessed fruit damage caused by G. molesta in eight replicates of 200 fruits each on 26 October, 30 November 2004, and 5 and 31 January 2005. Applying 1 kg ha-1 of SG and SGAK in August and December 2004 significantly reduced the number of male moths caught in Delta traps. Damage to fruits at harvest, however, did not differ significantly from the control. This indicates a decline in the efficacy of mating disruption when SG and SGAK are used to protect small areas (1 ha) under high Oriental fruit moth pressure

An unusual interplay among disorder, Kondo-effect and spin-glass behavior in the Kondo lattices, Ce2_2Au1−x_{1-x}Cox_xSi3_3

We report the results of magnetic measurements for the solid solution Ce$_2$Au$_{1-x}$Co$_x$Si$_3$. The results reveal that this solid solution is characterized by a magnetic phase diagram (plot of magnetic transition temperature versus $x$) unusual for Kondo lattices. In particular, the spin-glass freezing induced by disorder is observed only for the compositions at the weak coupling limit; as one approaches the quantum critical point by a gradual replacement of Au by Co, this disorder effect is surprisingly suppressed in favor of long range antiferro-magnetic ordering in contrast to expectations. This unusual interplay between disorder, spin-glass freezing and the Kondo-effect calls for further refinement of theories on competition between magnetism and the Kondo effect.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Sistema de Integração Lavoura-Pecuária: o modelo implantado na Embrapa Milho e Sorgo.

bitstream/CNPMS/20485/1/Circ_93.pd

Use of Limpograss as an Alternative Feed During the Fall Forage Gap in Beef and Dairy Systems in Central and North Florida

In central and North Florida, the use of limpograss [Hemarthria altissima (Poir.) Stapf & C. E. Hubb.] for beef and dairy operations is limited and its potential use is not well documented. Two on-farm projects have been conducted in Central and North Florida to explore the use of limpograss as an alternative conserved forage during late fall and winter. The potential use of this forage as baleage for dairy farmers and as stockpiling for livestock producers would offer another alternative to reduce feed costs and fill the forage gap in the area when typical warm-season forages go dormant. In addition, the on-farm limpograss establishment would serve as dissemination for the limpograss planting material. Four dairy farms in Central and North Florida were enrolled in the study to evaluate two cultivars of limpograss for their potential when conserved as baleage. Four 0.2 ha strips were planted per farm, two for each variety (‘Kenhy’ and ‘Gibtuck’). The strips were arranged in a randomized complete block design, with two replicates in each location. Before wrapping the harvested forage for baleage, samples were taken to evaluate crude protein (CP) and in vitro digestible organic matter concentration (IVDOM). In addition, samples of fresh baleage at 60 and 90 d were analyzed for fermentation profile (pH, organic acids, and ammonia). Four beef cattle farms in North Florida allowed us to plant 1 ha of ‘Gibtuck’ for stockpiling evaluating the nutritive value at 30, 60, 90, and 120 days. Each plot was replicated four times and allocated in a randomized complete block design. The fermentation profile from the bales does not show differences between cultivars (P \u3e 0.05) and the pH is lower than 5 indicating that the fermentation process was successful. The CP and IVDOM of the stockpiling limpograss were different among the treatments (P \u3c 0.001)