The energy spectrum of cosmic rays beyond the turn-down around 10^17 eV as measured with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

We present a measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum above 100 PeV using the part of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory that has a spacing of 750 m. An inflection of the spectrum is observed, confirming the presence of the so-called second-knee feature. The spectrum is then combined with that of the 1500 m array to produce a single measurement of the flux, linking this spectral feature with the three additional breaks at the highest energies. The combined spectrum, with an energy scale set calorimetrically via fluorescence telescopes and using a single detector type, results in the most statistically and systematically precise measurement of spectral breaks yet obtained. These measurements are critical for furthering our understanding of the highest energy cosmic rays

Caracterização morfológica, determinação do número de embriões e taxa de poliembrionia em três porta-enxertos híbridos de citros

Tendo em vista inúmeros problemas fitossanitários que vêm acometendo a citricultura brasileira, a diversificação de porta-enxertos é uma necessidade prioritária. Híbridos de porta-enxertos estão sendo desenvolvidos por programas de melhoramento genético de citros, os quais devem ser avaliados quanto a características morfológicas e de produção. Por esse motivo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar folhas e frutos, determinar o número de embriões por semente e avaliar a taxa de poliembrionia de três porta-enxertos híbridos: citranges 'Fepagro C 13', 'Fepagro C 37' e 'Fepagro C 41' e compará-los a três porta-enxertos já utilizados na sustentação dos pomares de citros: Trifoliata, citrumelo 'Swingle' e citrange 'Troyer'. Pouca variação foi observada na caracterização morfológica das folhas, porém na caracterização dos frutos foram verificadas diferenças. Destacam-se os citranges 'Fepagro C 13' e 'Fepagro C 37' que produziram, na média, muitas sementes por fruto, ou seja, 24,2 e 35,0, sendo muitas viáveis, 19,2 e 21,2 e estas portando bom número de embriões, 5,0 e 3,1, além de altas taxas de poliembrionia, 84 e 92% respectivamente. Os resultados obtidos com os dois híbridos demonstram que eles possuem bom potencial para serem utilizados como plantas doadoras de sementes para porta-enxertos de citros

Limits to gauge coupling in the dark sector set by the non-observation of instanton-induced decay of Super-Heavy Dark Matter in the Pierre Auger Observatory data

We investigate instanton-induced decay processes of super-heavy dark matter particles $X$ produced during the inflationary epoch. Using data collected at the Pierre Auger Observatory we derive a bound on the reduced coupling constant of gauge interactions in the dark sector: $\alpha_X^{\rm eff} \lesssim 0.09$, for $10^{10} < M_X/{\rm GeV} < 10^{16}$. We show that this upper limit on $\alpha_X^{\rm eff}$ is complementary to that obtained from the non-observation of tensor modes in the cosmic microwave background

Limits to gauge coupling in the dark sector set by the non-observation of instanton-induced decay of Super-Heavy Dark Matter in the Pierre Auger Observatory data

We investigate instanton-induced decay processes of super-heavy dark matter particles $X$ produced during the inflationary epoch. Using data collected at the Pierre Auger Observatory we derive a bound on the reduced coupling constant of gauge interactions in the dark sector: $\alpha_X^{\rm eff} \lesssim 0.09$, for $10^{10} < M_X/{\rm GeV} < 10^{16}$. We show that this upper limit on $\alpha_X^{\rm eff}$ is complementary to that obtained from the non-observation of tensor modes in the cosmic microwave background

Limits to gauge coupling in the dark sector set by the non-observation of instanton-induced decay of Super-Heavy Dark Matter in the Pierre Auger Observatory data

We investigate instanton-induced decay processes of super-heavy dark matter particles $X$ produced during the inflationary epoch. Using data collected at the Pierre Auger Observatory we derive a bound on the reduced coupling constant of gauge interactions in the dark sector: $\alpha_X^{\rm eff} \lesssim 0.09$, for $10^{10} < M_X/{\rm GeV} < 10^{16}$. We show that this upper limit on $\alpha_X^{\rm eff}$ is complementary to that obtained from the non-observation of tensor modes in the cosmic microwave background

Limits to gauge coupling in the dark sector set by the non-observation of instanton-induced decay of Super-Heavy Dark Matter in the Pierre Auger Observatory data

We investigate instanton-induced decay processes of super-heavy dark matter particles $X$ produced during the inflationary epoch. Using data collected at the Pierre Auger Observatory we derive a bound on the reduced coupling constant of gauge interactions in the dark sector: $\alpha_X^{\rm eff} \lesssim 0.09$, for $10^{10} < M_X/{\rm GeV} < 10^{16}$. We show that this upper limit on $\alpha_X^{\rm eff}$ is complementary to that obtained from the non-observation of tensor modes in the cosmic microwave background