Ambidexterity in entrepreneurial universities and performance measurement systems. A literature review

[EN] The main purpose of this research is to analyze the exploration and exploitation of knowledge in universities that support innovation and entrepreneurship in their environment. For this, the Performance Measurement Systems (PMS) of the universities management are analyzed as a proxy for the implementation of the strategic vision of the universities. This study is based on a systematic literature review on the subject, supported by the technical possibilities offered by the MAXQDA (The Art of Data Analysis) program. The databases used were the following: Elsevier (Science Direct), Springer, Wiley and Taylor & Francis. The main findings suggest that organizational ambidexterity, in general, develops unevenly and from different approaches, among which innovation, learning and strategy stand out. However, organizational ambidexterity hardly develops in a university context, where most of the university activities require some knowledge of the technological frontier. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and understand these two dimensions (exploration and exploitation) and their positive influence on entrepreneurship. In a context where the development of technology and science happens at an ever-increasing speed, a balance between exploration and exploitation is necessary, which should be reflected in the different control mechanisms in academic environments, such as the Performance Measurement Systems (PMS). The analysis of these systems will allow to know the position of the universities in the face of ambidexterity.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature.García-Hurtado, D.; Devece Carañana, CA.; Zegarra-Saldaña, PE.; Crisanto-Pantoja, M. (2022). Ambidexterity in entrepreneurial universities and performance measurement systems. A literature review. 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Quality control of CFRP by means of digital image processing and statistical point pattern analysis

Abstract Although fiber-reinforced composite materials have often been considered as periodic materials in theoretical models, the distribution of fibers is random in real materials. This random distribution of fibers is closely related to their transverse failure behavior. This paper proposes the use of statistical functions which describe random point patterns as a quantification of the dispersion of the transverse failure properties of several carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP). It is shown that the analysis of the K function is the most meaningful for this purpose

Aprendizaje del Fibrobroncoscopio del Servicio de Anestesiología del Hospital Universitario de Getafe: Programa de aprendizaje

Las complicaciones más severas en Anestesiología son las relacionadas con la Vía Aérea, y una dificultad de intubación o ventilación del paciente originan una gran mórbida/mortalidad. En los últimos años, para mejorar la seguridad del paciente en este campo, ha habido una evolución muy importante en el manejo de la Vía Aérea Difícil (VAD). Las Sociedades internacionales más prestigiosas de este campo aconsejan en sus últimos trabajos y guías (ASA [Sociedad Americana de Vía Aérea Difícil] en el algoritmo del 2013, y la DAS [Difficult Airway Society] en el NAP4 y las guías de 2015….) aconsejan que todos los miembros del servicio de Anestesiología sean capaces de poder realizar una intubación con Fibroscopio (FOB) en paciente despierto cuando se precise. Es decir, en aquellos pacientes que tienen una intubación difícil conocida, y en los que administrarles anestesia general para realizar una intubación, perdiendo la respiración espontanea, supone un riesgo muy importante para ellos

Pancreas agenesis mutations disrupt a lead enhancer controlling a developmental enhancer cluster.

Sequence variants in cis-acting enhancers are important for polygenic disease, but their role in Mendelian disease is poorly understood. Redundancy between enhancers that regulate the same gene is thought to mitigate the pathogenic impact of enhancer mutations. Recent findings, however, have shown that loss-of-function mutations in a single enhancer near PTF1A cause pancreas agenesis and neonatal diabetes. Using mouse and human genetic models, we show that this enhancer activates an entire PTF1A enhancer cluster in early pancreatic multipotent progenitors. This leading role, therefore, precludes functional redundancy. We further demonstrate that transient expression of PTF1A in multipotent progenitors sets in motion an epigenetic cascade that is required for duct and endocrine differentiation. These findings shed insights into the genome regulatory mechanisms that drive pancreas differentiation. Furthermore, they reveal an enhancer that acts as a regulatory master key and is thus vulnerable to pathogenic loss-of-function mutations

Systemic analysis framework for the impact of economic and financial risks

Este documento presenta el marco de referencia del Banco de España para el análisis del impacto de la materialización de riesgos macroeconómicos y financieros sobre la actividad real y la estabilidad financiera. Este marco incluye un amplio conjunto de modelos y métodos, tanto empíricos como teóricos, con el fin de capturar la heterogeneidad de las diversas fuentes de riesgo y sus distintas características. En particular, se describe su aplicación para medir el impacto de riesgos, derivados tanto de fuentes endógenas (como la acumulación de desequilibrios macroeconómicos y financieros a lo largo del ciclo) como de fuentes exógenas. Respecto a estas últimas, se presenta la aplicación de estos modelos en el contexto de la irrupción de la pandemia de COVID-19 y de las medidas de política económica adoptadas en respuesta la crisis resultante, tanto en los ámbitos fiscal y monetario como en el prudencial. Igualmente, se presenta su aplicación en el contexto de la invasión rusa de Ucrania y de la intensificación de las tensiones inflacionarias y de incertidumbre económica.This paper presents the Banco de España’s reference framework for the analysis of macroeconomic and financial risk, and the impact of the materialisation of this risk on financial stability and the real economy. The framework encompasses a broad set of empirical and theoretical models and methods, with the aim of capturing heterogeneity in the characteristics of different sources of risk. In particular, the paper describes how these models are used to identify the impact of endogenous sources of risk, such as the build-up of macro-financial imbalances over the cycle, and of exogenous shocks. Regarding the latter, the paper presents an application of the models to the main exogenous events that have occurred recently: the COVID-19 pandemic, including the fiscal, monetary and prudential measures adopted as a response to this shock; the Russian invasion of Ukraine; and the subsequent high inflation and economic uncertainty environment

Design and validation of the INCUE questionnaire: assessment of primary healthcare nurses’ basic training needs in palliative care

Many instruments have been created to measure knowledge and attitudes in palliative care. However, not only is it important to acquire knowledge, but also that this knowledge should reach patients and their relatives through application in clinical practice. This study aimed to develop and psychometrically test the INCUE questionnaire (Investigación Cuidados Enfermeros/Investigation into Nurses’ Care Understanding of End-of-Life) to assess the basic training needs of primary or home healthcare nurses in palliative care. A questionnaire was developed based on the classical theory of tests and factor analysis models. Initially, 18 experts developed 67 items in two blocks and determined content validity by two rounds of expert panels. Exploratory factor analysis and reliability testing were conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of 370 nurses. Some items were observed to have very low homogeneity indices or presented convergence problems and were eliminated. Questionnaire reliability was 0.700 in the theoretical block (KR20 Index) and 0.941 in the practical block (Cronbach’s alpha). The model converges and shows an adequate fit, specifically CFI = 0.977, TLI = 0.977 and RMSEA = 0.05. The correlation between the two factors in the model is ρ = 0.63. The questionnaire objectively evaluates primary or home healthcare nurses’ knowledge of palliative care and its practical application, thereby facilitating more efficient training plans

Preferencia en la dieta de murciélagos frugívoros (Phyllostomidae) en un fragmento de bosque seco tropical

La dispersión de semillas es un proceso importante para la estabilidad de los ecosistemas tropicales, siendo dispersores claves en estos los murciélagos frugívoros de la familia Phyllostomidae. Por lo anterior, se evaluó la preferencia en la dieta de las especies de murciélagos frugívoros de un bosque seco. Para lo cual se capturaron murciélagos con redes de niebla, se recolectaron las heces y se extrajeron las semillas para su posterior identificación. En total, se encontraron semillas en cinco de las especies frugívoras capturadas: Sturnira lilium, Artibeus lituratus, Carollia perspicillata, C. castanea y Uroderma bilobatum. De acuerdo a lo esperado, las especies S. lilium y las del género Carollia (C. perspicillata y C. castanea) mostraron especificidad en la dieta por plantas de los géneros Solanum y Piper, respectivamente. Adicionalmente, semillas del género Ficus estuvieron presentes en todas las especies capturadas, lo cual confirma el papel de especies clave para las plantas de este género. Los resultados sugieren que la preferencia en dieta es importante para la interacción de las especies más abundantes en la zona de estudio (C. perspicillata y S. lilium), pues puede evitar la competencia entre estas especies muy similares en tamaño

Proceso de molturación mecánica en medio seco, humedo y criogénico de polvo de hierro ductil nanoestructurado

El principal objetivo de este estudio, es obtener una efectiva reducción del tamaño de partícula y de grano de un polvo de hierro nanoestructurado mediante la molturación mecánica en diferentes medios de molienda. La principal dificultad radica en la gran ductilidad del material. Las variables a estudiar en el proceso han sido la velocidad de rotación, la relación polvo/bolas y el porcentaje de agente de control añadido. El polvo se ha estudiado por difracción laser para caracterizar la distribución de tamaños de partículas, microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM), microscopía electrónica de transmisión (TEM) y difracción de Rayos X. Del estudio comparativo se destaca: la molienda en seco ha dado lugar a una reducción más efectiva tanto del tamaño de partícula (43%) como del tamaño de grano (62%), mientras que en condiciones húmedas se ha conseguido disminuir la cantidad de óxido, así como obtener una distribución más homogénea del polvo resultante, aunque la reducción del tamaño de partícula no ha sido tan efectiva; finalmente, los resultados en medio criogénico producen reducciones en tamaños en tiempos más cortos y por tanto resultan prometedores

Alimentación, nutrición y hábitos sanos en el crecimiento de los niños de 3 a 4 años

This research shows that as part of a new global health standard, it seeks to create new healthy lifestyles that improve people's quality of life. The objective of this research is to define the foods that children need for adequate growth; Based on this concern, the research moves to a two-part process: the first begins with the compilation of reliable information based on experts and begins the proposed topic, a case study of the culinary heritage of Ecuador, and on the other hand to help to improve the nutritional wealth of our country and the benefits it can offer, in the second step, a theoretical and practical analysis was developed, the search for real data to verify the hypothesis: food, nutrition and healthy habits improve the growth of children from 3 to 4 years, with a work method applicable to a questionnaire for children of the aforementioned age group, a Child Growth Map and the food-based nutrition registry of Ecuador, and to conclude but at the same time provide a starting point towards an innovative nutritional proposal for children, a nutrition guide is developed that is nothing more than a summary of the research. The purpose of the research focuses on creatively prepared dishes, with the right ingredients, prepared in the right portions, and mixes right for children.En esta investigación se evidencia que, como parte de un nuevo estándar de salud global, busca crear nuevos estilos de vida saludables que mejoren la calidad de vida de las personas. El objetivo de esta investigación es definir los alimentos que los niños necesitan para un crecimientos adecuado; basado en esta preocupación la investigación se traslada a un proceso de dos partes: la primera comienza con la compilación de información confiable basada en expertos e inicia el tema propuesto, un estudio de caso de la herencia culinaria del Ecuador, y por otro lado para ayudar a mejorar la riqueza alimentaria de nuestro país y los beneficios que puede ofrecer, en el segundo paso, se desarrolló un análisis teórico y práctico, la búsqueda de datos reales para verificar la hipótesis: alimentación, nutricio y hábitos sanos mejoran el crecimiento de los niños de 3 a 4 años, con un método de trabajo aplicable a un cuestionario para niños del grupo de edad antes mencionado, un Mapa de Crecimiento Infantil y el registro de la nutrición basado en alimentos del Ecuador, y para concluir pero al mismo tiempo brindar un punto de partida hacia una propuesta nutricional innovadora para los niños, se desarrolla una guía de nutrición que no es más que un resumen de la investigación. La finalidad de la investigación se centra en la preparación de platos de manera creativa, con los ingredientes adecuados, preparados en las porciones, y mezclas correctas para los niños

Factores psicológicos y dolor en pacientes reumáticos

Este trabajo estudia 40 pacientes reumáticos del Hospital del S.V.S. de Alicante distribuidos en 4 grupos (Lupus, Artritis Reumatoide, Espondilitis Anquilosante y Síndrome Fibromiálgico Primario). Hemos analizado las posibles relaciones entre la ansiedad como rasgo de personalidad, el neuroticismo, el estrés atribuido a la enfermedad, características sociodemográficas y variables relativas al dolor (intensidad, frecuencia, limitación y actividad diaria). Los resultados muestran una relación positiva, pero débil, entre la ansiedad y el neuroticismo con algunas variables de dolor. Las características sociodemográficas son las que presentan las relaciones más fuertes y frecuentes con las variables de dolor.This work studies 40 rheumatic out-patients (Lupus, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis and Primary Fibromyalgia Syndrome) from the Alicante General Hospital. We analyzed the relationships between trait-anxiety, neuroticism, stress appraisal, sociodemographic characteristics and pain variables (intensity, frequency, limitation and daily activity). Results show a positive, but weak, relationships of the trait-anxiety and neuroticism to pain variables. The strongest and the most frequent relationships with pain variables were showed for the sociodemographic characteristics.Este trabajo ha sido realizado con la ayuda de investigación PA85-0336 de la Comisión Asesora de investigación Científica y Técnica (CAICYT), Ministerio de Educación