Floods and preventive measures in New Spain in the 1790s. From a «curious dossier» of the General Archive of the Indies: Fruit harvest in the Indies

Como continuación de reflexiones anteriores a lo largo del siglo XVIII novohispano, en esta ocasión abundaré en la información correspondiente a la última década de la centuria con énfasis, por un lado, en las inundaciones registradas y, por otro, en las medidas preventivas identificadas. El análisis se hará explorando el que, por sus características, he calificado de «singular expediente» titulado Cosecha de frutos en Indias, localizado en el Archivo General de Indias. Estableceré un diálogo-discusión con algunos autores que han trabajado el tema y la época en Nueva España para, más adelante, continuar con la identificación de coincidencias con la península ibérica, en un periodo que corresponde a la presencia de la Oscilación Maldá.As a continuation of previous reflections throughout New Spain in the 18th Century, on this occasion I will expand on the information corresponding to the last decade of the century, with emphasis on the one hand on the floods recorded, and on the other hand, on the preventive measures identified. The analysis will be made by exploring what, due to its characteristics, I have described as a «curious dossier» entitled Fruit Harvest in the Indies, located in the General Archive of the Indies in Seville, Spain. I will establish a dialogue-discussion with some authors who have worked the subject and period in New Spain and I will begin to identify coincidences with the Iberian Peninsula, in a period that corresponds to the presence of the Maldá Oscillation

Divinity and Disasters. Interpretations, demonstrations and answers

Atribuir a un origen supranatural o divino la presencia de amenazas naturales o biológicas, e incluso de desastres, ha constituido una constante a lo largo de la historia de la humanidad. No obstante, las formas sociales y culturales, así como las manifestaciones y respuestas en diferentes geografías y momentos históricos, dan cuenta de las múltiples y complejas maneras en que el hombre, a través de la cultura, perfila su interpretación de y su relación con la naturaleza y con la divinidad. Este ensayo presenta una selección de ejemplos ilustrativos al respecto, provenientes de fuentes primarias trabajadas por investigadores especialistas en el estudio histórico y social de los desastres. Se centra espacial y temporalmente en los confines de la Monarquía Hispánica, rebasándolos cuando resulta necesario llevar a cabo comparaciones y contrastes.To attribute to a supranatural or divine origin the presence of threats natural or biological hazards, and even disasters, has constant throughout the history of humanity. However, social and cultural forms, as well as manifestations and responses in different geographies and historical moments, account for the multiple and complex ways in which man, through culture, its interpretation of and its relation to nature and to the divinity. This paper presents a selection of illustrative examples, from primary sources worked by researchers specialists in the historical and social study of disasters. It focuses spatially and temporally on the confines of the Hispanic Monarchy, passing them when it is necessary to carry out comparisons and contrasts

Budd-Chiari syndrome with short-length stenosis: still room for the angioplasty and wait-and-see strategy

We read with interest the study in The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology by Qiuhe Wang and colleagues. 1 This randomised controlled trial aimed to elucidate whether routine stenting plus angioplasty was superior to angioplasty alone for preventing restenosis in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome with short-length stenosis. The authors found that patients treated with angioplasty plus routine stenting had a lower incidence of restenosis than did patients treated with angioplasty alone, with no differences in survival. Based on these findings, the authors suggested that stenting combined with angioplasty should be used as a first-line invasive treatment in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome with short-length stenosis

Diálogos México-Brasil

Brasil e México são dois países que têm uma longa tradição em pesquisa e ensino em ciências sociais, naturais e exatas, as quais têm acompanhado o crescimento destes países através da sua história, permitindo-lhes enfrentar muitos dos desafios que têm se lhes apresentado. O desenvolvimento científico de Brasil e México ocupa uma crescente posição de liderança na América Latina e recebe, cada vez mais, um maior reconhecimento em outras latitudes

Diálogos México-Brasil

Brasil e México são dois países que têm uma longa tradição em pesquisa e ensino em ciências sociais, naturais e exatas, as quais têm acompanhado o crescimento destes países através da sua história, permitindo-lhes enfrentar muitos dos desafios que têm se lhes apresentado. O desenvolvimento científico de Brasil e México ocupa uma crescente posição de liderança na América Latina e recebe, cada vez mais, um maior reconhecimento em outras latitudes

Diálogos México-Brasil

Brasil e México são dois países que têm uma longa tradição em pesquisa e ensino em ciências sociais, naturais e exatas, as quais têm acompanhado o crescimento destes países através da sua história, permitindo-lhes enfrentar muitos dos desafios que têm se lhes apresentado. O desenvolvimento científico de Brasil e México ocupa uma crescente posição de liderança na América Latina e recebe, cada vez mais, um maior reconhecimento em outras latitudes. As realidades brasileira e mexicana são diverge..

Diálogos México-Brasil

Brasil e México são dois países que têm uma longa tradição em pesquisa e ensino em ciências sociais, naturais e exatas, as quais têm acompanhado o crescimento destes países através da sua história, permitindo-lhes enfrentar muitos dos desafios que têm se lhes apresentado. O desenvolvimento científico de Brasil e México ocupa uma crescente posição de liderança na América Latina e recebe, cada vez mais, um maior reconhecimento em outras latitudes. As realidades brasileira e mexicana são diverge..

Assessing the Mediterranean diet adherence during pregnancy: Practical considerations based on the associations with cardiometabolic risk

Objective: The aim of the present study was to provide practical considerations for assessing MD adherence during pregnancy based on the association with cardiometabolic risk. Study design: Longitudinal study. Main outcome measures: A food frequency questionnaire was fulfilled by 152 pregnant women at the 16th gestational week (g.w.). We calculated the Mediterranean Food Pattern (MFP), the MD Scale (MDScale), the Short MD questionnaire (SMDQ), the MD Score (MedDietScore), and the MD scale for pregnant women (MDS-P). The cardiometabolic risk score consisted of pre-pregnancy body mass index, blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (at 16th and 34th g.w.). Results: Multiple linear regression models showed that the MFP, the MedDietScore, and the SMDQ were associated with lower cardiometabolic risk at the 16th and 34th g.w. (β’s: −0.193 to −0.415, all p < 0.05); and the MDS-P at the 34th g.w. (β = −0.349, p < 0.01). A comparison of these models with the J test showed that the MFP and the MedDietScore outperformed the SMDQ at the 16th g.w. (p's < 0.05); while the MedDietScore outperformed the SMDQ, MFP, and MDS-P (p's < 0.05) at the 34th g.w. Receiver-Operating-Characteristic-derived thresholds for the MFP, MedDietScore and MDS-P indices were 21, 30, and 6 points, respectively, to identify women with high cardiometabolic risk. Conclusion: The MFP and MedDietScore are recommended to assess MD adherence during pregnancy, as these showed the strongest associations with cardiometabolic risk. Our validated thresholds might assist in the detection of poor dietary patterns during pregnancy

Effects of a concurrent exercise training program on low back and sciatic pain and pain disability in late pregnancy

Objective: The aim of the present study was to explore the influence of a concurrent exercise (aerobic + resistance) training program, from the 17th gestational week (g.w.) until birth on low back and sciatic pain, and pain disability. A total of 93 pregnant women divided into exercise (n = 49) and control (n = 44) groups followed a 60-min, 3 days/week, concurrent exercise training. Methods: Low back and sciatic pain were measured with a Visual Analogic Scale (VAS). The disability resulting from pain was assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Measures were performed at the 16th and 34th g.w. Results: The exercise group increased 21.9 mm less the VAS low back (between-group differences (B): 95% CI: −33.6 to −10.2; p < 0.001) and 12.9 mm less the VAS sciatica score (between-group differences: 95% CI (B): −21.8 to −4.0; p = 0.005) than the control group. Regarding the ODI questionnaire, the exercise group increased 0.7, 0.5, and 0.7 less than the control group in pain while sleeping (between-group differences (B): 95% CI: −1.4 to −0.01; p = 0.025), pain while lifting weight (between-group differences (B): 95% CI: −0.9 to −0.01; p = 0.016), and limitations of the social life due to pain (between-group differences(B): 95% CI: −1.3 to −0.06; p = 0.032). Furthermore, the exercise group suffered 6.9% less pain than the control group in the ODI total score (between-group differences (B): 95% CI: −13.9 to 0.053; p = 0.052). Conclusion: This concurrent exercise training program adapted to pregnant women improved pain compared to controls.Funding information Regional Ministry of Health of the Junta de Andalucía, Grant/Award Number: PI-0395-2016; Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports, Grant/Award Number: FPU17/03715; University of Granada, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES), and by the Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), Grant/ Award Number: REF. SOMM17/6107/UGR10 página