Aplicación de las 5S y mejora continua en el laboratorio de mantenimiento correctivo de la Facultad de Mecánica

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue la adecuación del Laboratorio de Mantenimiento Correctivo en base a las 5S y mejora continua. Para esto se realizó un análisis de situación inicial para determinar las condiciones del mismo, posteriormente se realizó la eliminación de los activos que no son necesarios, se utilizó un inventario, tarjetas rojas para determinar las herramientas que serían retirados, para la elaboración del inventario y codificación se trabajó bajo la Norma ISO-14224-2016 referente a la recolección e intercambio de datos de confiabilidad en mantenimiento de equipos dirigidos a industrias de petróleo, petroquímicas y gas natural; con la segunda S el orden de los módulos, permitió tener un fácil acceso y reducir el tiempo de búsqueda de las herramientas; la tercera S ayudó con la limpieza y reparación de la estructura, y módulos de trabajo, también se determinó las principales causas que lleva a que esté deteriorado, además se redactó un plan de mantenimiento con el fin de precautelar el laboratorio; en la cuarta S la estandarización se verificó la iluminación y la seguridad dentro del laboratorio, se trabajó bajo la Norma Técnica Ecuatoriana NTE INEN 3864-1 para los símbolos gráficos, señalética y colores de seguridad; con la quinta S se busca generar disciplina en los estudiantes. Tras el cumplimiento de las 5S se logró que el laboratorio sea un lugar idóneo de trabajo. Se determina que al aplicar la metodología de las 5S y mejora continua en el laboratorio se consigue que funcione de forma correcta y sea un sitio seguro y ordenado para trabajar. Se recomienda que se mantenga lo hecho y que siempre se busque que esté ordenado, limpio y estandarizado así se evitará que el laboratorio este sobre cargado y que ocurra accidentes.The objective of this work was the adaptation at Corrective Maintenance Laboratory based on 5S and continuous improvement. An initial situation analysis was carried out to determine the conditions of it, the elimination of the assets that are not necessary subsequently was carried out.An inventory was used, red cards to determine the tools that would be removed. For the inventory development and coding was carried out under the ISO-14224-2016 Standard regarding the collection and exchange of reliability data in maintenance of equipment aimed at the oil, petrochemical and natural gas industries; with the second S the order of the modules, allowed to have an easy access and to reduce the search time of the tools; the third S helped with the cleaning and repair of the structure, and work modules. The main causes that lead to its deterioration were also determined. In addition, a maintenance plan was drawn up in order to protect the laboratory; in the fourth S, the standardization of lighting and safety within the laboratory was verified, it was done under the Ecuadorian Technical Standard NTE INEN 3864-1 for graphic symbols, signage and safety colors; the fifth S seeks to generate discipline in students. After compliance with the 5S, the laboratory was made an ideal place of work. It is determined that by applying the 5S methodology and continuous laboratory improvement, it is possible to make it work correctly and be a safe and orderly place to work. It is recommended to maintain what has already been done and ensure keeping an orderly, clean and standardized laboratory, thus preventing it from being overloaded and accidents occurring

New data on Paenelimnoecus from the middle Miocene of Spain support the shrew subfamily Allosoricinae

Limnoecus truyolsi was long considered an enigmatic shrew. Additional material from the Calatayud−Montalbán Basin (Spain) shows it to be referable to the genus Paenelimnoecus. The species represents an intermediate form between P. micromorphus and P. crouzeli. This lineage confirms the separate development of the "soricine" p4, and thus supports the Allosoricinae as a separate subfamily

Gestión y comunicación del patrimonio:: Estrategias para un turismo sostenible en el Centro Histórico de Pasa. Ecuador

The importance of the Historic Centers was analyzed as evidence of the evolution of the nation, of the transitions of historical periods and the lifestyle of its inhabitants, as well as tourist potential, which would bring economic reactivation and relevance to Pasa, the locality where the development of this research takes place. From an informal qualitative approach, talks, focus groups and field studies were carried out to collect the necessary information and truthfully diagnose the current situation of Pasa in terms of tourism management in its Historic Center. To conclude, a series of strategies capable of contributing favorably to the positioning of Pasa as a tourist product open to Ecuador and the world are proposed.Se analizó la importancia de los Centros Históricos como evidencia de la evolución de la nación, de las transiciones de períodos históricos y el estilo de vida de sus habitantes, además, como potencial turístico, que traería reactivación económica y relevancia a Pasa, localidad donde toma lugar el desarrollo de esta investigación. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, se llevaron a cabo charlas, grupos focales y estudios de campo para recabar la información necesaria y diagnosticar verazmente la situación actual de Pasa en cuanto a la gestión del turismo en su Centro Histórico. Para concluir se plantean una serie de estrategias capaces de contribuir favorablemente al posicionamiento de Pasa como un producto turístico abierto a Ecuador y al mundo

Callus culture development from two varieties of Tagetes erecta and carotenoids production

AbstractBackgroundThe properties of natural pigments, such as antioxidants, functional, medical, and nutraceutical, have demonstrated the advantages of these natural compounds over synthetic ones. Some products are accepted only when they are pigmented with natural, food-quality colorants: for example poultry products (manly marigold flower extracts). Carotenoids such as β-carotene, β-criptoxanthin and lutein are very attractive as natural food colorants due to their antioxidant and pro-vitamin activities which provide additional value to the target products. Marigold (Tagetes erecta) is an Asteraceous ornamental plant native to Mexico, and it is also important as a carotenoid source for industrial and medicinal purposes but nowadays its production is destined mainly for ornamental purposes.ResultsFriable callus of T. erecta yellow flower (YF) and white flower (WF) varieties was induced from leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 9.0μM 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 8.8μM benzyladenine (BA). Calluses developed from both varieties were different in pigmentation. Extract characterization from callus cultures was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This analytical process detected several carotenoids; the main pigments in extracts from YF callus were lutein and zeaxanthin, whereas in the extracts of the WF callus the main pigments were lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene. Callus cultures of T. erecta accumulated pigments even after several rounds of subculture.ConclusionsWF callus appeared to be a suitable candidate as a source of different carotenoids, and tested varieties could represent an alternative for further studies about in vitro pigment production

New Cricetodontini from the middle Miocene of Europe: An example of mosaic evolution

A new species of Cricetodontini (Cricetidae, Rodentia, Mammalia), Cricetodon nievei sp. nov. from the Toril section (Toril 3A, Toril 3B, Toril 2) and Las Planas 5H is described. All this sites belong to the local biozone G3 (late Aragonian, late middle Miocene) from the Calatayud-Daroca Basin (Zaragoza, Spain). The new species displays a mosaic pattern consisting in a combination of primitive and derived characters: the upper molars have a basal Cricetodon-like pattern –short and not complete ectolophs –, whereas the lower molars share several derived features with the older representatives of Hispanomys – absence of metalophulid II. The generic assignation of the new taxon is further discussed and it is compared with all the species of Cricetodon and Hispanomys described until date. This mosaic evolutionary pattern of dental characters is also recognized in other species of Cricetodontini from Europe during the late Aragonian, although involving different combination of morphological characters. At this time, the diversity of the tribe increases, including species with complex morphology and higher intraspecific variability than the older representatives. The new species proposed here is morphologically close to Cricetodontini recorded outside the Calatayud-Daroca Basin, especially C. albanensis and H. decedens from France. Finally, the palaeoecological context of the new species is discussed; the stratigraphical distribution of Cricetodon nievei sp. nov. coevals changes in the faunal assemblages which are possibly related to an increase of humidity detected in the Calatayud-Daroca Basin

The Miocene mammal record of the Vallès-Penedès Basin (Catalonia)

The land mammal record of the Vallès-Penedès Basin (Catalonia, NE Spain) ranges from the early Miocene (Ramblian) to the late Miocene (Turolian), that is from about 20 to 7 Ma. Here we present an updated review of the mammal succession focusing on biochronology as well as on environmental and faunal changes. Based on faunal similarities with central Europe, we interpret this basin as a transitional zone between the forested environments of northern regions and the more arid landscapes of the inner Iberian Peninsula. The quality of the Vallès-Penedès record and its chronostratigraphic control is clearly better for the late Aragonian and the Vallesian (between 12.6-9.0 Ma), especially for small mammals. Therefore, we analyze small mammal diversity dynamics during this interval. Contrary to previous analyses, which found an abrupt extinction event coinciding with the early/late Vallesian boundary (the Vallesian Crisis), our results show that this pattern is due to uneven sampling. Instead, taxonomic richness slowly decreased since the late Vallesian as a result of a series of extinctions that mostly affected forest-dwelling taxa

Updated Aragonian biostratigraphy: Small Mammal distribution and its implications for the Miocene European Chronology

This paper contains formal definitions of the Early to Middle Aragonian (late Early–Middle Miocene) smallmammal biozones from the Aragonian type area in North Central Spain. The stratigraphical schemes of two of the best studied areas for the Lower and Middle Miocene, the Aragonian type area in Spain and the Upper Freshwater Molasse from the North Alpine Foreland Basin in Switzerland, have been compared. This comparison allows the analysis of the order of shared mammal events in the two countries, and the quantification of the resulting asynchronies based on their temporal correlations. The order of the events is very similar in Spain and Switzerland. In order to estimate the diachrony, two age-model options are used for the Swiss record. Our preferred option yields no discrepancies with SW European paleomagnetic and radiometric calibrations of the Ramblian and Early Aragonian bioevents. All Swiss first taxa occurrences precede those in the Aragonian type area by 0.74Myr on average. The asynchronies (1-2Myr) of the species arriving in the late Middle to early Late Aragonian may be higher than in the Early Aragonian (0-1Myr). The implications for the biochronological mammal Neogene system are discussed. Evidence is given confirming the unfeasibility of a formal European biozonation, since it is realised, that 1) most indicator species and many genera of rodents yielding the most detailed zonations have limited geographical ranges hampering recognition of the mammal Neogene zones; and 2) first and last taxon occurrences are diachronical. Therefore, the mammal Neogene system based on a sequence of time-ordered reference localities is preferred to the one based on selected bioevents “developed in widespread geographic areas”.Peer reviewe

The Aragonian and Vallesian high-resolution micromammal succession from the Calatayud-Montalbán Basin (Aragón, Spain)

We present an updated taxonomy and faunal distribution of the micromammal fossil record from the Aragonian and lower Vallesian of the Calatayud-Montalbán Basin. The analysed record includes the orders Rodentia, Eulipotyphla, and Lagomorpha. The pattern of species turnover showsseven major faunal events,which are correlated to major climate changes based on marine stable oxygen and carbon isotope records. The episodesδ 18OMi-2 and Mi-3 are significantly correlated with major micromammal turnover at the boundaries between lower and middle Aragonian and middle and upper Aragonian, respectively. Our resultssupport the existence of a selective turnover during the Aragonian and lower Vallesian