Proyecto de estudio de terapias de presión negativa como prevención de infecciones de esternotomía media

Traballo fin de mestrado (UDC.FCS). Asistencia e investigación sanitaria. Especialidade en investigación clínica. Curso 2018/101

Evaluación neuropsicológica en la enfermedad mental: implicaciones para la provisión de apoyos

Se presentan los resultados obtenidos tras evaluar el funcionamiento psicológico de 150 participantes con enfermedad mental severa y prolongada. Para ello hemos empleado La Batería Luria-DNA y la Escala Wechsler de Evaluación de la Inteligencia para Adultos (WAIS). Concretamente, pretendemos: (1) ofrecer datos sobre la validez concurrente de la Batería Luria-DNA a través del estudio de las correlaciones entre dicha batería y la escala WAIS. (2) Analizar el impacto de variables clínicas en el rendimiento psicológico de estos pacientes; (3) obtener un perfil de rendimiento neuropsicológico. Los resultados avalan la fiabilidad y validez de la batería así como su utilidad en la exploración neuropsicológica de pacientes con esquizofrenia. Los resultados obtenidos permiten ofrecer sugerencias para mejorar la provisión de apoyos.The results obtained after evaluating the psychological functioning of 150 participants with severe and prolonged mental illness are presented. So we've used the Battery Luria-DNA and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Specifically, we aim to: (1) provide data on the concurrent validity of the Luria - DNA battery through the study of correlations between this battery and WAIS scale. (2) Analyze the impact of clinical variables in the psychological performance of these patients; (3) obtain a profile of neuropsychological performance. The results support the reliability and validity of the battery and its usefulness in the neuropsychological examination of patients with schizophrenia. The results obtained provide suggestions to improve the provision of support.peerReviewe

In Times of Crisis, a New Category of Social Assistance User: The Example of Jerez de la Frontera

The economic crisis produced increases in levels of poverty and a worsening in social welfare for the population of Jerez de la Frontera. The objective of this research is, therefore, to deepen our understanding of poverty in this particular municipality and determine if the crisis affected the characteristics of social services users and their territorial distribution in the city. This has involved the use of stratified sampling techniques and a questionnaire applied to the population under analysis. The results confirm the existence of a new category of social assistance claimant, as well as new regional areas affected by poverty.14 página

The continuous-time hidden Markovmodel based on discretization. Properties of estimators and applications

Universidad de Granada/CBU

MoMA Algorithm: A Bottom-Up Modeling Procedure for a Modular System under Environmental Conditions

The functioning of complex systems relies on subsystems (modules) that in turn are composed of multiple units. In this paper, we focus on modular systems that might fail due to wear on their units or environmental conditions (shocks). The lifetimes of the units follow a phase-type distribution, while shocks follow a Markovian Arrival Process. The use of Matrix-Analytic methods and a bottom-up approach for constructing the system generator is proposed. The use of modular structures, as well as its implementation by the Modular Matrix-Analytic (MoMA) algorithm, make our methodology flexible in adapting to physical changes in the system, e.g., incorporation of new modules into the current model. After the model for the system is built, the modules are seen as a ‘black box’, i.e., only the contribution of the module as a whole to system performance is considered. However, if required, our method is able to keep track of the events within the module, making it possible to identify the state of individual units. Compact expressions for different reliability measures are obtained with the proposed description, optimal maintenance strategies based on critical operative states are suggested, and a numerical application based on a k-out-of-n structure is developed.Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation-State Research Agency PID2020-120217RB-I00 PID2021-123737NB-I00Junta de Andalucia B-FQM-284-UGR20 CEX2020-001105-/AEI/10.13039/50110001103

The relationship between knowledge management and innovation level in Mexican SMEs: Empirical evidence

The transformation of the current society from an industry-based economy to a knowledge management and innovation-based economy is changing the design and implementation of business strategies and the nature of the competition among the organizations which are mainly small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs). They struggle to survive in a market which is more demanding and competitive, so they seeknowledge management as one of the most effective strategies that may help to enable the innovation activities into the businesses. For these reasons, this research paper has as a main goal to analyze the relationship between knowledge management and innovation in Mexican SMEs. The empirical analysis used 125 manufacturing SMEs (each SME having from 20 to 250 employees) as a sample to be carried out. The obtained results indicate that knowledge management has a positive impact in products, process, and management systems innovation

Peer Victimization in Overweight Adolescents and Its Effect on Their Self-Esteem and Peer Difficulties

This study has three objectives: to examine whether adolescents who perceive themselves as overweight differ from others in terms of offline victimization at school, cybervictimization, self-esteem, and difficulties relating to peers; to examine the possible effects of offline and cybervictimization on self-esteem and difficulties relating to peers; and to examine the possible moderating role of perceiving oneself as overweight on those effects. Previously validated questionnaires were applied to a sample of 3145 adolescents in Asturias (Spain). Descriptive, inferential, correlational, and structural equation analyses were performed. Adolescents who perceived themselves as overweight reported being victims of both offline victimization and most forms of cybervictimization to a greater extent than those who did not perceive themselves as overweight. They also reported lower self-esteem and more peer difficulties (shyness or social anxiety). In both groups of adolescents, victimization and cybervictimization were correlated with each other, both types of victimization had direct, negative effects on self-esteem, and self-esteem in turn had a direct, negative effect on peer difficulties. Furthermore, offline victimization had a direct, positive effect on peer difficulties. Perceiving oneself as overweight moderated the effect of self-esteem on peer difficulties. In adolescents perceiving themselves as overweight, low self-esteem was a stronger risk factor of peer difficulties than in the rest of the adolescents. With high overall self-esteem there were no significant differences in peer difficulties between the adolescents perceiving themselves as overweight and the rest of the adolescents

Propuesta del diseño de un manual de control interno contable del área de Inventario en la empresa SUMIDENTAL S.A., ubicada en el municipio de Jinotepe, departamento de Carazo durante el II semestre del año 2016

El presente informe consiste en la búsqueda, reconocimiento, descripción, análisis y evaluación de la situación actual en la que se encuentra la empresa SUMIDENTAL S.A. en cuanto a controles internos se refiere, con el objetivo de elaborar propuesta de manual de control interno del área de inventario, que constituya una herramienta eficaz a nivel contable para identificar las debilidades que el sistema de control interno de inventario. La propuesta de manual de control interno aplicado al área de inventario sugerida en este estudio, surge como resultado de hallazgos identificados en el proceso de análisis que se realizó a la empresa y que servirá de fuente generadora de información oportuna, veraz, confiable que proporcione elementos de apoyo a la gerencia en el proceso toma de decisiones. Durante el estudio se identificaron, interpretaron, clasificaron, analizaron y evaluaron todos los aspectos que componen el sistema de control interno de la empresa actualmente, en específico, aquellos que tiene que ver con la sección de inventario de la misma y de esta manera fortalecer los controles que se consideran débiles, o crear los inexistentes. Dicho análisis será de suma ayuda a la empresa para el diseño de un nuevo o bien el fortalecimiento del mismo, el cual podría ser extensivo a otras áreas de la misma. El sistema de control interno aparte de ser una política de gerencia, se constituye como una herramienta esencial para la empresa SUMIDENTAL S.A., y de esta manera pueda modernizarse, cambiar y producir los mejores resultados, con calidad y eficiencia

Transitional Poverty, New Approaches from the Economic Crisis

The current economic crisis is revealing social and structural changes that entail a worsening of the levels of poverty and wellbeing of the population. In this line, the objective of this work is to deepen the knowledge of the situation of poverty in the municipality of Jerez de la Frontera, to be able to contribute to a better design and application of measures and actions of general and specific socioeconomic policies with greater guarantee of success. For this, an analysis methodology has been applied by age, sex, productive sectors and other characteristics based on surveys and interviews. Among the main conclusions of this work and as one of its contributions, the emergence of a new type of transitory poverty from the construction sector should be noted, establishing a new scenario derived from the impact of the crisis, which requires a specific response.La actual crisis económica está poniendo de manifiesto cambios sociales y estructurales, que conllevan un empeoramiento de los niveles de pobreza y de bienestar de la población. En esta línea, el objetivo de este trabajo es profundizar en el conocimiento de la situación de pobreza en el municipio de Jerez de la Frontera, para contribuir a un mejor diseño y aplicación de medidas y actuaciones de políticas socioeconómicas generales y específicas con mayor garantía de éxito. Para ello, se ha aplicado una metodología de análisis por edad, sexo, sectores productivos y otras características, basada en encuestas y entrevistas. Entre las principales conclusiones de este trabajo y como una de sus contribuciones, hay que señalar la aparición de un nuevo tipo de pobreza transitoria, proveniente del sector de la construcción, estableciéndose un nuevo escenario derivado del impacto de la crisis, el cual requiere de una respuesta específica

The differential poverty behavior in the municipality of Jerez de la Frontera during the period 2008-2014

El trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar la situación de pobreza en Jerez de la Frontera durante la crisis iniciada en 2007. Para ello, se clasifica la pobreza siguiendo a Cantó, et al. (2012), mediante metodología basada en el análisis de la base de datos de demandantes de ayudas sociales del Área de Bienestar del Ayuntamiento de Jerez y encuestas aplicadas a la población objeto de estudio. Los resultados evidencian la existencia de tres tipos de pobreza en el territorio, la reincidencia en la misma y la escasez de medidas público-privadas para atender la creciente demanda asistencial en el municipio estudiado.32 página