Plan de auditoria para el programa de auditoría interna de la empresa productos alimenticios magdalana – masas congeladas.

La auditoría es un proceso sistemático, independiente y documentado para obtener evidencias de la auditoria y evaluarlas de manera objetiva con el fin de determinar si ciertas actividades o procesos cumplen con los objetivos planificados. Las auditorías a los sistemas de gestión permiten evaluar fortalezas y debilidades con las que cuenta el sistema de gestión evaluado, así mismo detecta las diferentes oportunidades para la mejora continua, el compromiso del recurso humano, validar el uso eficaz y eficiente de los diferentes recursos, evaluar las relaciones con las diferentes partes interesadas, así como también realizar un adecuado seguimiento de la eficacia de las diferentes acciones correctivas, preventivas y de mejora implementadas con el fin de mejorar los sistemas de gestión. Con base a la información anterior se planteará un tipo de control para cada hallazgo encontrado en la empresa que servirá como evaluación y valoración, entregando datos relevantes, que llevaran a un replanteamiento de diversos procesos que fallan o son débiles en algún aspecto, o que fortalecerán los que operan de manera adecuada y que proporcionaran un mejor nivel, en cuanto a la calidad e inocuidad para este caso. El presente documento describe un plan de auditoria basado en la norma ISO 22000:2018 para el programa de auditoría interna de la empresa PRODUCTOS ALIMENTICIOS MAGDALANA, donde se detallan las actividades, recursos, responsables y en general la planeación y logística a tener en cuenta en el desarrollo de la auditoriaThe audit is a systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining audit evidence and evaluating it objectively in order to determine whether certain activities or processes are meeting planned objectives. The audits of the management systems allow the evaluation of strengths and weaknesses of the evaluated management system, likewise detecting the different opportunities for continuous improvement, the commitment of human resources, validating the effective and efficient use of the different resources, evaluate the relationships with the different stakeholders, as well as carry out adequate monitoring of the effectiveness of the different corrective, preventive and improvement actions implemented in order to improve the management systems. Based on the above information, a type of control will be proposed for each finding found in the company that will serve as an evaluation and assessment, providing relevant data, which will lead to a rethinking of various processes that fail or are weak in some aspect, or that will strengthen those that operate properly and that provide a better level, in terms of quality and safety for this case. This document describes an audit plan based on the ISO 22000: 2018 standard for the internal audit program of the company PRODUCTOS ALIMENTICIOS MAGDALANA, where the activities, resources, managers and in general the planning and logistics to be taken into account in the development of the audit

A hypothesis of a redistribution of North Atlantic swordfish based on changing ocean conditions

Conflicting trends in indices of abundance for North Atlantic swordfish starting in the mid-to late 1990s, in the form of fleet specific catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE), suggest the possibility of a spatial shift in abundance to follow areas of preferred temperature. The observed changes in the direction of the CPUEs correspond with changes in trends in the summer Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), a long term mode of variability of North Atlantic sea surface temperature. To test the hypothesis of a relation between the CPUE and the AMO, the CPUEs were made spatially explicit by re-estimating using an “areas-as-fleets” approach. These new CPUEs were then used to create alternative stock histories. The residuals of the fit were then regressed against the summer AMO. Significant, and opposite, relations were found in the regressions between eastern and western Atlantic areas. When the AMO was in a warm phase, the CPUEs in the western (eastern) areas were higher (lower) than predicted by the assessment model fit. Given the observed temperature tolerance limits of swordfish, it is possible that either their preferred habitat, prey species, or both have shifted spatial distributions resulting in conflicting CPUE indices. Because the available CPUE time series only overlaps with one change in the sign of the AMO (~1995), it is not clear whether this is a directional or cyclical trend. Given the relatively localized nature of many of the fishing fleets, and the difficulty of separating fleet effects from changes in oceanography we feel that it is critical to create CPUE indices by combining data across similar fleets that fish in similar areas. This approach allowed us to evaluate area-specific catch rates which provided the power to detect basin-wide responses to changing oceanography, a critical step for providing robust management advice in a changing climate.Postprin

Implementación de Buenas Prácticas de Turismo para Museos y Sitios Históricos de Nicaragua

El presente trabajo investigativo aborda el tema de Plan de Implementación de Buenas Prácticas de Turismo para museos y sitios históricos de Nicaragua. En que se plantea como subtema: El Plan de Buenas Prácticas en Turismo para el Museo Arqueológico Tenderí, Municipio de Nindirí, Departamento de Masaya en el año 2019. El objetivo central de este tema es Diseñar un plan de implementación de buenas prácticas en turismo para el museo arqueológico Tenderí. Es por ello que se ha creado una herramienta para medir criterios e indicadores que puedan caracterizar y evaluar el estado actual del recurso turístico como es el Museo y así implementar un plan de buenas prácticas que pueda dar respuesta a la investigación en el estudio. Cabe mencionar que en este lugar existe una cantidad de piezas arqueológicas que demuestran un gran valor cultural y patrimonial del municipio de Nindirí, es importante que estas piezas se conserven y protejan, para asegurar estos bienes culturales y de esta manera se debe asegurar la calidad de los servicios para que sean eficientes y se pueda dar una respuesta a las necesidades del museo. Dado a la ausencia de financiamiento, asesoría técnica, poca afluencia de visitantes y la no implementación de buenas prácticas en turismo en el museo, no permiten que este tenga un buen desarrollo, por ello el plan de implementación que se propone podrá servir como referencia para que el sitio sea sostenible. Este estudio tiene un enfoque mixto, es de carácter exploratorio, de corte transversal y se utilizaron técnicas tales como: investigación documental, entrevistas, visitas de campo, y la aplicación de una herramienta de evaluación de criterios de sostenibilidad creada en base a la realidad observada en el muse

MODELAMIENTO MATEMÁTICO DEL COMPORTAMIENTO EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE LA PANDEMIA COVID-19 EN CHINA

El objetivo del trabajo fue desarrollar un modelo matemático que haga la predicción del comportamiento epidemiológico causado por SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) en la República Popular de China. El modelo de basó en determinar la relación entre la variación del número de casos reportados (dN) y la variación del tiempo transcurrido (dt), denominado velocidad con que el fenómeno de casos reportados en China. La velocidad del fenómeno se determinó por diferenciación gráfica, con el propósito de encontrar una Ecuación Diferencial Ordinaria de Primer Orden (EDOPO), tipo lineal. Esta ecuación fue resuelta entre las condiciones iniciales de los datos reportados (t=1 día, N=278 casos reportados), llegando a obtener el modelo predictivo correspondiente. El modelo predictivo (Ecuación 15) fue validado estadísticamente, evaluando su coeficiente de correlación r de Pearson, cuyo valor es de 0,97, indicando una buena estimación del modelo en relación con el comportamiento epidemiológico de COVID-19

Improving the power performance of urine-fed microbial fuel cells using PEDOT-PSS modified anodes

© 2020 The Authors The need for improving the energy harvesting from Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) has boosted the design of new materials in order to increase the power performance of this technology and facilitate its practical application. According to this approach, in this work different poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT-PSS) modified electrodes have been synthesised and evaluated as anodes in urine-fed MFCs. The electrochemical synthesis of PEDOT-PSS was performed by potentiostatic step experiments from aqueous solution at a fixed potential of 1.80 V (vs. a reversible hydrogen electrode) for different times: 30, 60, 120 and 240 s. Compared with other methods, this technique allowed us not only to reduce the processing time of the electrodes but also better control of the chemical composition of the deposited polymer and therefore, obtain more efficient polymer films. All modified anodes outperformed the maximum power output by MFCs working with the bare carbon veil electrode but the maximum value was observed when MFCs were working with the PEDOT-PSS based anode obtained after 30 s of electropolymerisation (535.1 µW). This value was 24.3% higher than using the bare carbon veil electrode. Moreover, the functionality of the PEDOT-PSS anodes was reported over 90 days working in continuous mode

Reparación quirúrgica vascular de arteria carótida común derecha por lesión de proyectil de arma de fuego

Las lesiones penetrantes de la arteria carótida común son poco frecuentes, pero de alta morbimortalidad. En los últimos 10 anos ˜ se ha registrado un aumento importante de este tipo de lesiones en nuestro medio debido a la delincuencia organizada, resultando un reto para el cirujano general de hospitales que no cuentan con cirujano cardiovascular. Es de vital importancia conocer el manejo óptimo de este tipo de lesiones, así como el diagnóstico oportuno tanto de las que precisen tratamiento quirúrgico abierto urgente como de las que tras estudios complementarios puedan derivarse a tratamiento conservador o intravascular. Presentamos un caso de lesión aislada de arteria carótida común derecha por proyectil de arma de fuego tratada por el servicio de Cirugía General con exploración vascular cervical y resección de segmento afectado con anastomosis término-terminal en un hospital de tercer nivel del noreste de Méxic

Neuroharmony: a new tool for harmonizing volumetric MRI data from unseen scanners

We present Neuroharmony, a harmonization tool for images from unseen scanners. We developed Neuroharmony using a total of 15,026 sMRI images. The tool was able to reduce scanner-related bias from unseen scans. Neuroharmony represents a significant step towards imaging-based clinical tools.This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource (Project Number 40323) and has been supported by a Wellcome Trust’s Innovator Award (208519/Z/17/Z) to Andrea Mechelli. The present work was carried out within the scope of the research program Dipartimenti di Eccellenza (art.1, commi 314-337 legge 232/2016), which was supported by a grant from MIUR to the Department of General Psychology, University of Padua. The data from UCLA, LOSS AVERSION, EMOTIONREGULATION, FALSEBELIEFS, MATURATIONAL CHANGES, ASSOCIATIVE LEARNING, HARMAVOIDANCE, PLACEBO, MORAL JUDGEMENT, CYBERBALL, ROUTE LEARNING, SEQUENTIAL INFERENCE VBM, WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY datasets were obtained from the OpenfMRI database. Their accession numbers are ds000030, ds000053, ds000108, ds000109, ds000119, ds000168, ds000202, ds000208, ds000212, ds000214, ds000217, ds000222, and ds000243, respectively. The acquisition of dataset HMRRC was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Prof. Qiyong Gong (81220108013, 8122010801, 81621003, 81761128023 and 81227002). Part of the data used in this article (NITRC) have been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, under the following NIH grants: 1R43NS074540, 2R44NS074540, and 1U24EB023398and previously GSA Contract No. GS-00F-0034P, Order Number HHSN268200100090U. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource. Part of the data used in preparation of this article were obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Repository Without Borders (ARWiBo – www.arwibo.it). The overall goal of ARWiBo is to contribute, thorough synergy with neuGRID (https://neugrid2.eu), to global data sharing and analysis in order to develop effective therapies, prevention methods and a cure for Alzheimer’ and other neurodegenerative diseases. Part of the data used in this article was downloaded from the Collaborative Informatics and Neuroimaging Suite Data Exchange tool (COINS; http://coins.mrn.org/dx) and data collection was performed at the Mind Research Network and funded by a Center of Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) grant 5P20RR021938/ P20GM103472 from the NIH to Dr. Vince Calhoun. Part of the data used for this study were downloaded from the Function BIRN Data Repository (http://fbirnbdr.birncommunity.org:8080/BDR/), supported by grants to the Function BIRN (U24-RR021992) Testbed funded by the National Center for Research Resources at the National Institutes of Health, U.S.A. Part of the data used in the preparation of this work were obtained from the Mind Clinical Imaging Consortium database through the Mind Research Network (www.mrn.org). The MCIC project was supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FG02-08ER64581. MCIC is the result of efforts of co-investigators from University of Iowa, University of Minnesota, University of New Mexico, Massachusetts General Hospital. CLING/HMS: The CliNG study sample was partially supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via the Clinical Research Group 241 ‘Genotype-phenotype relationships and neurobiology of the longitudinal course of psychosis’, TP2 (PI Gruber; http://www.kfo241.de; grant number GR 1950/5-1). Part of the data used in preparation of this article were obtained from the NU Schizophrenia Data and Software Tool (NUSDAST) database (http://central.xnat.org/REST/projects/NUDataSharing) As such, the investigators within NUSDAST contributed to the design and implementation of NUSDAST and/or provided data but did not participate in analysis or writing of this report. Part of the data used in the preparation of this article were obtained from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database (www.ppmi-info.org/data). For up-to-date information on the study, visit www.ppmi-info.org. PPMI – a public-private partnership – is funded by the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research and funding partners, including [list the full names of all of the PPMI funding partners found at www.ppmi-info.org/fundingpartners]. Part of the data used in preparation of this article were obtained from the SchizConnect database (http://schizconnect.org). As such, the investigators within SchizConnect contributed to the design and implementation of SchizConnect and/or provided data but did not participate in analysis or writing of this report. Data collection and sharing for this project was funded by NIMH cooperative agreement 1U01 MH097435. Jo~ao Sato is supported by Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, Brazil) Grants 2018/04654-9 and 2018/21934-5

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Desarrollo tecnológico en ingeniería automotriz

El proceso de investigación y desarrollo tecnológico está directamente relacionado con una adecuada metodología de procesos industriales, que cada vez son más exigentes en competitividad, eficiencia energética y de normativas ambientales. Este libro contempla resultados de un proceso de investigación y desarrollo de nuevas técnicas aplicadas en el campo de la Ingeniería Automotriz desde cuatro aristas: eficiencia energética y contaminación ambiental, planificación del transporte, ingeniería del mantenimiento aplicada al transporte y desagregación tecnológica. Este libro conmemora 20 años de formación universitaria salesiana en el sector de transporte y recoge las experiencias y resultados obtenidos asociados con el desarrollo tecnológico en ingeniería automotriz. Para lograr este objetivo, se ha convocado a la comunidad científica, académica y profesionales de la industria automotriz a participar en la publicación. Cada capítulo fue sometido a revisión, evaluación y aprobación por un comité científico altamente calificado, proveniente de seis países: Colombia, Ecuador, España, Guinea Ecuatorial, México y Venezuela. Este trabajo ha sido posible gracias al gran apoyo de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (UPS sede Cuenca), Ecuador y Universidad de Los Andes (ULA)

Genetic variants associated with longitudinal changes in brain structure across the lifespan

Human brain structure changes throughout the lifespan. Altered brain growth or rates of decline are implicated in a vast range of psychiatric, developmental and neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we identified common genetic variants that affect rates of brain growth or atrophy in what is, to our knowledge, the first genome-wide association meta-analysis of changes in brain morphology across the lifespan. Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging data from 15,640 individuals were used to compute rates of change for 15 brain structures. The most robustly identified genes GPR139, DACH1 and APOE are associated with metabolic processes. We demonstrate global genetic overlap with depression, schizophrenia, cognitive functioning, insomnia, height, body mass index and smoking. Gene set findings implicate both early brain development and neurodegenerative processes in the rates of brain changes. Identifying variants involved in structural brain changes may help to determine biological pathways underlying optimal and dysfunctional brain development and aging