Evaluación Formativa y Compartida en Educación Infantil. Revisión de una Experiencia Didáctica

This study examines the processes and results of implementing formative and co-assessment with a group of 14 Spanish students in the second cycle of pre-school education (5-6 years of age). The aim is to determine the degree of effectiveness of the project. The teaching methodology used in the experience is predominantly experiential, engaging a wide range of the students’ senses and based on their interests and motivations. A qualitative research methodology is used including; teacher’s journal, photos, video recordings and observation sheets. The analysis is conducted through an emerging process of categorization. The results show that formative and co-assessment increase student motivation, autonomy, commitment to the task and self-improvement. They also encourage the teacher’s professional development by providing a processes of reflection and improvement on their own practice. In conclusion, we maintain that it is viable to develop formative and co-assessment processes in early childhood education and that they have a positive influence on the learning and autonomy of students, as well improving the climate in the classroom, provided that the assessment system implemented is consistent with the rest of didactic methodology.Este estudio analiza los procesos y resultados de una propuesta de evaluación formativa y compartida puesta en práctica con un grupo de 14 alumnos de Segundo Ciclo de Educación Infantil (5-6 años), estudiando el grado de eficacia del proyecto. La metodología didáctica utilizada en la experiencia es predominantemente vivencial, implicando el mayor números de sentidos del alumno y partiendo de sus intereses y motivaciones. Se utiliza una metodología de investigación cualitativa: diario de la profesora, fotografías, grabación de vídeos y fichas de observación. El análisis de datos se lleva a cabo a través de un proceso emergente de categorización. Los resultados muestran que la evaluación formativa y compartida genera en el alumnado motivación, autonomía, compromiso hacia las tareas y superación personal; mientras que ayuda al desarrollo profesional del profesorado, al generar procesos de reflexión y mejora sobre su propia práctica. Como conclusión podemos señalar que es viable realizar procesos de evaluación formativa y compartida en educación infantil. Procesos que influyen positivamente en el aprendizaje y la autonomía del alumnado, así como en la mejora del clima del aula, siempre que el sistema de evaluación sea coherente con el resto de metodología didáctica utilizada

ECAMulticapa: Effectiveness of double-layered compression therapy for healing venous ulcers in primary care: a Study Protocol

Background: Chronic venous insufficiency, in its final stage can cause venous ulcers. Venous ulcers have a prevalence of 0.5 % to 0.8 % in the general population, and increases starting at 60 years of age. This condition often causes increased dependency in affected individuals, as well as a perceived reduced quality of life and family overload. Local Treating chronic venous ulcers has 2 components: topically healing the ulcer and controlling the venous insufficiency. There is evidence that compressive therapy favours the healing process of venous ulcers. The studies we have found suggest that the use of multilayer bandage systems is more effective than the use of bandages with a single component, these are mostly using in Spain. Multilayer compression bandages with 2 layers are equally effective in the healing process of chronic venous ulcers as 4-layer bandages and are better tolerated and preferenced by patients. More studies are needed to specifically compare the 2-layer bandages systems in the settings where these patients are usually treated. Method/design: Randomised, controlled, parallel, multicentre clinical trial, with 12 weeks of follow-up and blind evaluation of the response variable. The objective is to assess the efficacy of multilayer compression bandages (2 layers) compared with crepe bandages, based on the incidence of healed venous ulcers in individuals treated in primary care nursing consultations, at 12 weeks of follow-up. The study will include 216 individuals (108 per branch) with venous ulcers treated in primary care nursing consultations. The primary endpoint is complete healing at 12 weeks of follow-up. The secondary endpoints are the degree of healing (Resvech.2), quality of life (CCVUQ-e), adverse reactions related to the healing process. Prognosis and demographic variables are also recorder. Effectiveness analysis using Kaplan-Meier curves, a log-rank test and a Cox regression analysis. The analysis was performed by intention to treat. Discussion: The study results can contribute to improving the care and quality of life of patients with venous ulcers, decreasing healing times and healthcare expenditure and contributing to the consistent treatment of these lesions. Trial registration: This study has been recorded in the Clinical Trials.gov site with the code NCT02364921. 17 February 2015.This study was funded by PN of I + D + I 2013–2016 and the ISCIII – Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación and FEDER funds (PI13/01975). Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad

The IDENTIFY study: the investigation and detection of urological neoplasia in patients referred with suspected urinary tract cancer - a multicentre observational study

Objective To evaluate the contemporary prevalence of urinary tract cancer (bladder cancer, upper tract urothelial cancer [UTUC] and renal cancer) in patients referred to secondary care with haematuria, adjusted for established patient risk markers and geographical variation. Patients and Methods This was an international multicentre prospective observational study. We included patients aged ≥16 years, referred to secondary care with suspected urinary tract cancer. Patients with a known or previous urological malignancy were excluded. We estimated the prevalence of bladder cancer, UTUC, renal cancer and prostate cancer; stratified by age, type of haematuria, sex, and smoking. We used a multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression to adjust cancer prevalence for age, type of haematuria, sex, smoking, hospitals, and countries. Results Of the 11 059 patients assessed for eligibility, 10 896 were included from 110 hospitals across 26 countries. The overall adjusted cancer prevalence (n = 2257) was 28.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 22.3–34.1), bladder cancer (n = 1951) 24.7% (95% CI 19.1–30.2), UTUC (n = 128) 1.14% (95% CI 0.77–1.52), renal cancer (n = 107) 1.05% (95% CI 0.80–1.29), and prostate cancer (n = 124) 1.75% (95% CI 1.32–2.18). The odds ratios for patient risk markers in the model for all cancers were: age 1.04 (95% CI 1.03–1.05; P < 0.001), visible haematuria 3.47 (95% CI 2.90–4.15; P < 0.001), male sex 1.30 (95% CI 1.14–1.50; P < 0.001), and smoking 2.70 (95% CI 2.30–3.18; P < 0.001). Conclusions A better understanding of cancer prevalence across an international population is required to inform clinical guidelines. We are the first to report urinary tract cancer prevalence across an international population in patients referred to secondary care, adjusted for patient risk markers and geographical variation. Bladder cancer was the most prevalent disease. Visible haematuria was the strongest predictor for urinary tract cancer

Evaluación formativa y compartida en educación infantil. Revisión de una experiencia didáctica

This study examines the processes and results of implementing formative and co-assessment with a group of 14 Spanish students in the second cycle of pre-school education (5-6 years of age). The aim is to determine the degree of effectiveness of the project. The teaching methodology used in the experience is predominantly experiential, engaging a wide range of the students’ senses and based on their interests and motivations. A qualitative research methodology is used including; teacher’s journal, photos, video recordings and observation sheets. The analysis is conducted through an emerging process of categorization. The results show that formative and co-assessment increase student motivation, autonomy, commitment to the task and self-improvement. They also encourage the teacher’s professional development by providing a processes of reflection and improvement on their own practice. In conclusion, we maintain that it is viable to develop formative and co-assessment processes in early childhood education and that they have a positive influence on the learning and autonomy of students, as well improving the climate in the classroom, provided that the assessment system implemented is consistent with the rest of didactic methodology.Este estudio analiza los procesos y resultados de una propuesta de evaluación formativa y compartida puesta en práctica con un grupo de 14 alumnos de Segundo Ciclo de Educación Infantil (5-6 años), estudiando el grado de eficacia del proyecto. La metodología didáctica utilizada en la experiencia es predominantemente vivencial, implicando el mayor números de sentidos del alumno y partiendo de sus intereses y motivaciones. Se utiliza una metodología de investigación cualitativa: diario de la profesora, fotografías, grabación de vídeos y fichas de observación. El análisis de datos se lleva a cabo a través de un proceso emergente de categorización. Los resultados muestran que la evaluación formativa y compartida genera en el alumnado motivación, autonomía, compromiso hacia las tareas y superación personal; mientras que ayuda al desarrollo profesional del profesorado, al generar procesos de reflexión y mejora sobre su propia práctica. Como conclusión podemos señalar que es viable realizar procesos de evaluación formativa y compartida en educación infantil. Procesos que influyen positivamente en el aprendizaje y la autonomía del alumnado, así como en la mejora del clima del aula, siempre que el sistema de evaluación sea coherente con el resto de metodología didáctica utilizada

Discovering HIV related information by means of association rules and machine learning

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is still one of the main health problems worldwide. It is therefore essential to keep making progress in improving the prognosis and quality of life of affected patients. One way to advance along this pathway is to uncover connections between other disorders associated with HIV/AIDS-so that they can be anticipated and possibly mitigated. We propose to achieve this by using Association Rules (ARs). They allow us to represent the dependencies between a number of diseases and other specific diseases. However, classical techniques systematically generate every AR meeting some minimal conditions on data frequency, hence generating a vast amount of uninteresting ARs, which need to be filtered out. The lack of manually annotated ARs has favored unsupervised filtering, even though they produce limited results. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised system, able to identify relevant ARs among HIV-related diseases with a minimal amount of annotated training data. Our system has been able to extract a good number of relationships between HIV-related diseases that have been previously detected in the literature but are scattered and are often little known. Furthermore, a number of plausible new relationships have shown up which deserve further investigation by qualified medical experts

How do women living with HIV experience menopause? Menopausal symptoms, anxiety and depression according to reproductive age in a multicenter cohort

CatedresBackground: To estimate the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and anxiety/depression and to assess the differences according to menopausal status among women living with HIV aged 45-60 years from the cohort of Spanish HIV/AIDS Research Network (CoRIS). Methods: Women were interviewed by phone between September 2017 and December 2018 to determine whether they had experienced menopausal symptoms and anxiety/depression. The Menopause Rating Scale was used to evaluate the prevalence and severity of symptoms related to menopause in three subscales: somatic, psychologic and urogenital; and the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire was used for anxiety/depression. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of association between menopausal status, and other potential risk factors, the presence and severity of somatic, psychological and urogenital symptoms and of anxiety/depression. Results: Of 251 women included, 137 (54.6%) were post-, 70 (27.9%) peri- and 44 (17.5%) pre-menopausal, respectively. Median age of onset menopause was 48 years (IQR 45-50). The proportions of pre-, peri- and post-menopausal women who had experienced any menopausal symptoms were 45.5%, 60.0% and 66.4%, respectively. Both peri- and post-menopause were associated with a higher likelihood of having somatic symptoms (aOR 3.01; 95% CI 1.38-6.55 and 2.63; 1.44-4.81, respectively), while post-menopause increased the likelihood of having psychological (2.16; 1.13-4.14) and urogenital symptoms (2.54; 1.42-4.85). By other hand, post-menopausal women had a statistically significant five-fold increase in the likelihood of presenting severe urogenital symptoms than pre-menopausal women (4.90; 1.74-13.84). No significant differences by menopausal status were found for anxiety/depression. Joint/muscle problems, exhaustion and sleeping disorders were the most commonly reported symptoms among all women. Differences in the prevalences of vaginal dryness (p = 0.002), joint/muscle complaints (p = 0.032), and sweating/flush (p = 0.032) were found among the three groups. Conclusions: Women living with HIV experienced a wide variety of menopausal symptoms, some of them initiated before women had any menstrual irregularity. We found a higher likelihood of somatic symptoms in peri- and post-menopausal women, while a higher likelihood of psychological and urogenital symptoms was found in post-menopausal women. Most somatic symptoms were of low or moderate severity, probably due to the good clinical and immunological situation of these women

COVID-19 in hospitalized HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients : A matched study

CatedresObjectives: We compared the characteristics and clinical outcomes of hospitalized individuals with COVID-19 with [people with HIV (PWH)] and without (non-PWH) HIV co-infection in Spain during the first wave of the pandemic. Methods: This was a retrospective matched cohort study. People with HIV were identified by reviewing clinical records and laboratory registries of 10 922 patients in active-follow-up within the Spanish HIV Research Network (CoRIS) up to 30 June 2020. Each hospitalized PWH was matched with five non-PWH of the same age and sex randomly selected from COVID-19@Spain, a multicentre cohort of 4035 patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19. The main outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality. Results: Forty-five PWH with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 were identified in CoRIS, 21 of whom were hospitalized. A total of 105 age/sex-matched controls were selected from the COVID-19@Spain cohort. The median age in both groups was 53 (Q1-Q3, 46-56) years, and 90.5% were men. In PWH, 19.1% were injecting drug users, 95.2% were on antiretroviral therapy, 94.4% had HIV-RNA < 50 copies/mL, and the median (Q1-Q3) CD4 count was 595 (349-798) cells/μL. No statistically significant differences were found between PWH and non-PWH in number of comorbidities, presenting signs and symptoms, laboratory parameters, radiology findings and severity scores on admission. Corticosteroids were administered to 33.3% and 27.4% of PWH and non-PWH, respectively (P = 0.580). Deaths during admission were documented in two (9.5%) PWH and 12 (11.4%) non-PWH (P = 0.800). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that well-controlled HIV infection does not modify the clinical presentation or worsen clinical outcomes of COVID-19 hospitalization

Anchuelo. Propuestas bioclimáticas en el espacio público

Anchuelo. Propuestas bioclimáticas en el espacio público. Publicación digital de los trabajos elaborados por los estudiantes del curso 2021/22 de la asignatura La Ciudad y el Medio de la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Muestra una serie de propuestas elaboradas en la asignatura para mejorar bioclimáticamente diferentes espacios públicos municipales en el marco del acuerdo realizado entre el Departamento de Urbanística y Ordenación del Territorio y el Excmo. Ayuntamiento de Anchuelo (Madrid)