Validation and Adaptation of the Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior in Sport Scale to the Spanish context of Physical Education

Physical education (PE), by its own characteristics, is a subject where social communication is especially promoted. However, it is necessary to have tools that evaluate the social behaviour of students during PE classes. For this reason, we propose to validate and adapt the Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior in Sport Scale to the Spanish context of PE classes. The study involved 1081 students aged 12 to 18 (M = 14.83; SD = 1.27). The psychometric properties of the Prosocial Behavior Scale were analyzed through several statistical analyses. The results of the confirmatory factorial analysis and the exploratory factorial analysis supported the internal structure of the questionnaire. In addition, the scale was invariant to gender. Cronbach’s alpha values were higher than 0.70 in the factors and sub-factors, finally showing adequate levels of temporal stability. Taking into account the results achieved in the present study, PE teachers have an effective tool to assess the social and antisocial behaviour of their students’ students during PE classes

La proteína tuberina: diana terapéutica para activar autofagia y mitofagia evitando la progresión a la diabetes tipo 2

Cytoplasmic quality control is essential in maintaining cell viability, and particularly, β pancreatic cells, due to its huge protein synthesis capacity. In this context, it is important the activation of a physiological process called autophagy, in order to eliminate protein aggregates and damaged organelles, resulting in a reduction in the reticulum cell stress. The complex formed by hamartin and tuberin (TSC1-TSC2) has emerged as a central signal, energy status and nutrient-integrating node within the cell. This complex negatively regulates the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), and activates autophagy. In this proyect we aimed to further investigate new molecular mechanisms of TSC2 regulation, aswell as cytoplasmic quality control, autophagy and mitophagy ones. We propose that the TSC2 acetylation status, mediated by the deacetylation activity of sirtuin1 (SIRT1), modulates its stability and protein activity, affecting cell homeostasis.El control de calidad citoplasmático es esencial en el mantenimiento de la viabilidad celular, y particularmente, de las células β pancreáticas, debido a su gran capacidad de síntesis proteica. En este contexto, juega un papel esencial la activación de un proceso fisiológico denominado autofagia, conduciendo a la eliminación de agregados proteicos y/o orgánulos, induciendo la atenuación del estrés de retículo celular. El complejo formado por las proteínas hamartina y tuberina (TSC1-TSC2) ha emergido como un núcleo de integración de la señalización de factores de crecimiento y del estado energético celular. Este complejo funciona como un inhibidor de la actividad de la vía del complejo mecanicístico diana de la rapamicina (mTORC1) y un activador de la autofagia. En este proyecto queremos profundizar en el estudio de nuevos mecanismos moleculares  de regulación de TSC2, así como sobre dichos mecanismos de control de calidad citoplasmático, autofagia y mitofagia. Proponemos que el estado de acetilación en lisinas de TSC2, mediado por la actividad desacetilasa de la sirtuina1 (SIRT1), modula la estabilidad y actividad de la misma afectando a la homeostasis celular

ANÁLISIS PARA LA IMPLANTACIÓN EN EL MERCADO ESPAÑOL DE GEVUINA AVELLANA

En el presente trabajo, analizamos las propiedades agronómica de Gevuina avellana y su fruto comestible, la avellana chilena, con el fin de diseñar un plan de empresa y una estrategia de Marketing para la venta de productos derivados en el mercado nacional. Nos centramos en tres productos: Aceite esencial de avellana (uso cosmético), aceite virgen de avellanas (uso alimentario) y harina de avellanas y quinoa. Se estima un posible nicho de mercado creciente para estos productos si se crea una marca basada en el cultivo ecológico, desarrollo sostenible y compromiso social. Para ello, se propone crear un cultivo ecológico de clones de alto rendimiento de Gevuina avellana adaptados a las condiciones de nuestro país para un procesamiento posterior libre de químicos que permita obtener unos productos finales certificados como naturales y ecológicos. Para llegar a estas conclusiones, se ha realizado un estudio de las características de los productos y del mercado, un estudio de precios de los potenciales competidores, un análisis DAFO y su complementario análisis CAME, y un modelo empresarial Canvas.This study analyzes the agronomic properties of Gevuina avellana and its edible fruits, the Chilean hazelnut, in order to design a business plan and a Marketing strategy for sale of all its derivative products in the national market. The analysis was focused on three main products: hazelnut essential oil (cosmetic use), virgin hazelnut oil (food use) and mixed hazelnut-quinoa flour. It is estimated that the possible market share for these products would be larger if the brand created was based on organic farming, sustainable development and social commitment. Therefore, it is proposed a development plan of an ecological crop with high yield clones of Gevuina avellana adapted to our country’s edaphoclimatic conditions and subsequently, a processing system respectful with the environment and free of chemicals that would allow to obtain final products abled to be certified as organic, healthy and environmentally respectful. To get the conclusions, were carried on studies of products and the market characteristics’, prices of potential competitors, a SWOT analysis and its complementary, the CAME analysis and a Business Model Canvas has been made

Overexpression of mitochondrial if1 prevents metastatic disease of colorectal cancer by enhancing anoikis and tumor infiltration of NK cells

Increasing evidences show that the ATPase Inhibitory Factor 1 (IF1), the physiological inhibitor of the ATP synthase, is overexpressed in a large number of carcinomas contributing to metabolic reprogramming and cancer progression. Herein, we show that in contrast to the findings in other carcinomas, the overexpression of IF1 in a cohort of colorectal carcinomas (CRC) predicts less chances of disease recurrence, IF1 being an independent predictor of survival. Bioinformatic and gene expression analyses of the transcriptome of colon cancer cells with differential expression of IF1 indicate that cells overexpressing IF1 display a less aggressive behavior than IF1 silenced (shIF1) cells. Proteomic and functional in vitro migration and invasion assays confirmed the higher tumorigenic potential of shIF1 cells. Moreover, shIF1 cells have increased in vivo metastatic potential. The higher metastatic potential of shIF1 cells relies on increased cFLIP-mediated resistance to undergo anoikis after cell detachment. Furthermore, tumor spheroids of shIF1 cells have an increased ability to escape from immune surveillance by NK cells. Altogether, the results reveal that the overexpression of IF1 acts as a tumor suppressor in CRC with an important anti-metastatic role, thus supporting IF1 as a potential therapeutic target in CRCThis research was funded by grants from Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (SAF2013-41945-R, SAF2016-75916-R and SAF2016-75452-R), CIBERER-ISCIII (CB06/07/0017) and Fundación Ramón Areces, Spai

Heterogeneous self-employment and subjective well-being: evidence from Latin America

This paper analyzes the relationship between labor status and individual satisfaction in Latin America. Existing evidence for developed countries shows that the self-employed report higher job satisfaction than the employed. The evidence, however, is less conclusive in terms of lifesatisfaction. Moreover, for Latin American countries, the evidence shows that self-employed individuals report lower life-satisfaction than employed individuals do. To clarify the effect of selfemployment on satisfaction, we use the Latinobarómetro survey 2007 for eighteen Latin American and Caribbean countries, considering the category self-employment as a heterogeneous category. Additionally, we control for the distinction between necessity and opportunity self-employed. Contrary to existing evidence, we find that not all self-employed individuals are more satisfied than employed individuals. Specifically, we find evidence revealing that, compared to workers in paid employment (i) precarious self-employed workers are as satisfied as the employed with their life but less with job and household income; (ii) self-employed professionals are more satisfied than the employed only with their incomes; (iii) business owners are more satisfied with their lives, income and job; and (iv) self-employed famers and fisherman are less satisfied with their jobs and income.The financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (ECO2010-17049) to M. Teresa García-Muñoz and from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through grant ECO2012-33993 to Ana I. Moro-Egido is gratefully acknowledged

Do Psychological Factors Influence the Elastic Properties of Soft Tissue in Subjects with Fibromyalgia? A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Nowadays, there is evidence related to the impact that psychological factors have on symptoms, specifically vegetative ones, and on the autonomic nervous system in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). However, there are no studies to correlate the level of association between psychological factors and the elastic properties of tissue in the FM population. Elastic properties of soft tissue reflect age- and disease-related changes in the mechanical functions of soft tissue, and mechanical failure has a profound impact on morbidity and mortality. The study has a cross-sectional observational design with 42 participants recruited from a private clinic and rehabilitation service. The Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale and Self-Efficacy Scale were used to assess psychological factors. The elastic properties of the tissue in the characteristic painful points, which patients suffering from FM described, were assessed by strain elastography. A low and significant level of association was found between pain catastrophising scale (PCS) and the non-dominant lateral epicondyle (r = -0.318; p = 0.045). Kinesiophobia was found to be related to the dominant lateral epicondyle (r = 0.403; p = 0.010), the non-dominant knee (r = -0.34; p = 0.027) and the dominant forearm (r = 0.360; p = 0.010). Self-Efficacy showed a low level of association with the non-dominant supraspinatus (r = -0.338; p = 0.033) and the non-dominant medial epicondyle (r = -0.326; p = 0.040). Psychological factors and the elastic properties of tissue seem to be associated in patients suffering from FM. The most profound association between psychological factors and non-dominant parts of the body could be related to neglect and non-use of those parts of the body

Evaluación de competencias y módulos en un currículo innovador El caso de la licenciatura en Diseño y Desarrollo de Espacios Educativos con tic de la Universidad de Costa Rica

El escrito expone los resultados de la evaluación de las competencias de los módulos del plan de estudios de la licenciatura en Diseño y Desarrollo de Espacios Educativos con tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (tic), de la Universidad de Costa Rica (2009-2010). El objetivo de la investigación fue valorar la puesta en práctica de la propuesta curricular desde un enfoque formativo. La valoración fue realizada a partir de un acercamiento teórico a la innovación curricular, a la formación de competencias y al desarrollo de módulos como estrategia básica en la carrera. Metodológicamente se cotejó la importancia de las evidencias respecto de las competencias, así como los niveles de logro de los distintos criterios de desempeño, utilizando instrumentos creados para tal fin. Como conclusión se menciona la importancia de mantener la coherencia de todo el proceso formativo, y de considerar las formas de comunicación que generan las producciones estudiantiles.This text presents the results of the skills assessment for the modules of the study plan for the Bachelors in Design and Development of Educational Facilities with Information and Communications Technology (ict) at the University of Costa Rica (2009-2010). The objective of this research was to assess the implementation of the proposed curriculum with regard to the formative approach. The evaluation was based on a theoretical approach to curricular innovation, skills training and development modules as a basic strategy in the career. Methodologically, the importance of the evidence regarding the competencies and levels of achievement of various performance criteria using tools developed for this purpose was crosschecked. In conclusion, the importance of maintaining consistency throughout the training process and considering the forms of communication that generate student production were mentioned

CCAAT/Enhancer binding protein β induces motility and invasion of glioblastoma cells through transcriptional regulation of the calcium binding protein S100A4

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.We have previously shown that decreased expression of CCAAT/Enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) inhibits the growth of glioblastoma cells and diminishes their transformation capacity and migration. In agreement with this, we showed that C/ EBPβ depletion decreases the mRNA levels of different genes involved in metastasis and invasion. Among these, we found S100 calcium binding protein A4 (S100A4) to be almost undetectable in glioblastoma cells deficient in C/EBPβ. Here, we have evaluated the possible role of S100A4 in the observed effects of C/EBPβ in glioblastoma cells and the mechanism through which S100A4 levels are controlled by C/EBPβ. Our results show that C/EBPβ suppression significantly reduced the levels of S100A4 in murine GL261 and human T98G glioblastoma cells. By employing an S100A4-promoter reporter, we observed a significant induction in the transcriptional activation of the S100A4 gene by C/EBPβ. Furthermore, overexpression of S100A4 in C/EBPβ- depleted glioblastoma cells reverses the enhanced migration and motility induced by this transcription factor. Our data also point to a role of S100A4 in glioblastoma cell invasion and suggest that the C/EBPβ gene controls the invasive potential of GL261 and T98G cells through direct regulation of S100A4. Finally, this study indicates a role of C/EBPβ on the maintenance of the stem cell population present in GL261 glioblastoma cells.This work was supported by MINECO (SAF2010–16365) and by Fundación Mutua Madrileña (to A.P.-C.). CIBERNED is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. D.A.-M. is a fellow of the MINECO.Peer Reviewe