365 research outputs found
Predicting household resilience with machine learning: preliminary cross-country tests
Using a unique cross-country sample from 10 impact evaluations of development projects, we test the out-of-sample performance of machine learning algorithms in predicting non-resilient households, where resilience is a subjective metrics defined as the perceived ability to recover from shocks. We report preliminary evidence of the potential of these data-driven techniques to identify the main predictors of household resilience and inform the targeting of resilience-oriented policy interventions
Impacto de la globalización y la apertura comercial en el gasto público social subnacional
The aim of this paper is to study the effects of economic liberalization and globalization on the structure of provincial government spending in Argentina. In particular, the effects on social expenditure and its components as an expression of the welfare state. Most of the literature has focused on identifying this relationship at the country level and a novel aspect of this work is to extend the analysis to the province. Another contribution is to estimate an index of provincial globalization adapted from Index KOF (Dreher, 2006). A dynamic model is estimated using the generalized method of moments and a panel data for 24 jurisdictions of Argentina for the period 1993-2010. The results indicate that openness and globalization of the economy, negatively impact the share of social spending, the result expected from the point of view of the “efficiency” effects versus the “compensation” effects; although there are indications of compensatory policies related to education spending.El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar los efectos de la apertura económica y la globalización sobre la estructura del gasto público provincial en la Argentina. En particular, resultan de interés los efectos sobre el gasto social y sus componentes como expresión del Estado de bienestar. La mayor parte de la literatura se ha ocupado de identificar esta relación a nivel de países y un aspecto novedoso de este trabajo es la extensión del análisis al sector subnacional. Otra contribución es la estimación de un índice de globalización provincial adaptada del índice KOF propuesto por Dreher (2006). Se estima un modelo dinámico mediante el método generalizado de momentos en diferencias, utilizando un panel de datos para las 24 jurisdicciones de la Argentina para el período 1993-2010. Los resultados indican que la apertura y la globalización de la economía impactan negativamente en la participación del gasto social, resultado esperable desde el punto de vista del efecto "eficiencia" versus el efecto "compensación", aunque hay indicios de políticas compensatorias del gasto en educación
Gender, HIV/AIDS and Rural Livelihoods: Micro-Level Investigations in Three African Countries
gender, HIV/AIDS impacts, livelihoods, Sub-Saharan Africa
Programas de movilidad académica universitaria estudiantil. Su impacto en la formación de los alumnos de la Facultad de Humanidades y Artes de la UNR
O CONGRESSO DE INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR – CIES 2019 é um evento in-
ternacional, que reúne professores, pesquisadores e estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação para
divulgar a produção científica no campo da Internacionalização do Ensino Superior e fortalecer a
cooperação internacional entre diferentes instituições de ensino e grupos de pesquisa no âmbito do
MERCOSUL.
A iniciativa é fruto de uma parceria entre pesquisadores da Universidade Federal da Integra-
ção Latino-Americana (UNILA - Brasil), a Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL - Argentina), a Uni-
versidad Nacional de Asunción (UNA - Paraguay) e a Universidad de la República (UDeLaR - Uru-
guay), que atuam em projetos vinculados ao Setor Educacional do MERCOSUL, no Núcleo de Estudos
e Investigações em Educação Superior.
O evento será realizado nos dias 4, 5 e 6 de Setembro de 2019 no campus PTI da UNILA, dentro
do Parque Tecnológico da Usina Hidrelétrica de Itaipu, na cidade de Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brasil.
A UNILA, sede do evento, é uma universidade temática criada em 2010 pelo governo federal
do Brasil com a missão institucional de formar recursos humanos aptos a contribuir com a integra-
ção latino-americana, com o desenvolvimento regional e com o intercâmbio cultural, científico e
educacional da América Latina, especialmente no MERCOSUL. Sua finalidade, portanto, é conver-
ter-se em um espaço de encontros, de trocas e de aprendizagem mútua, que reforçam o compro-
misso em prol da pertinência, da excelência e da construção sustentável de um mundo melhor.La investigación se propuso indagar la implementación de programas de movilidad académica universitaria para alumnos de la Facultad de Humanidades y Artes (FHyA) de la UNR y analizar el impacto -a nivel personal y académico- de la movilidad académica sobre la formación de dichos alumnos. A tal efecto se lleva adelante una sistematización de la promoción y posibilidad de acceso a los programas de movilidad académica estudiantil en dicha Facultad, se releva el aporte de la experiencia del viaje a la formación del estudiante universitario y finalmente se comparan los objetivos de las políticas y programas de movilidad académica universitaria con los resultados obtenidos por los estudiantes que accedieron a los mismos.Núcleo de Estudios e Investigaciones en Educación Superior del Mercosur - NUCLEO
Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Educação na América Latina – EducAL/UNILA
Instituto Mercosul de Estudos Avançados – IMEA/UNILA
Pró-Reitoria de Relações Institucionais e Internacionais – PROINT/UNIL
Forecasting Mortality Convergence Up to 2100
This paper presents life expectancy forecasts for all countries in the world explicitly assuming mortality convergence. We develop a model that takes into account country-specific heterogeneity in life expectancy historical trajectories, between-countries heterogeneity across gains and uncertainty through experts' based arguments (Lutz et al. 2001). The relevant literature has focused on forecasting mortality for a single population. Exception to this rule is the work by Li and Lee (2005) where the authors develop mortality forecasts that take into account patterns in a larger group using the Lee-Carter model.
Torri and Vaupel (2012) argue that life expectancy in different countries tends to be positively correlated and forecast life expectancies in individual countries by forecasting the best-practice level and the gap between the national performance and the best-practice level. We build upon their work by varying the speed of convergence, taking into account differential rates of linear increase in life expectancy across group of countries
Who is falling behind? : is AIDS-related mortality contributing to increased "income" mobility in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa?
While HIV and AIDS have been described as a "disease of poverty" (see for example, Afrol News, 2002), empirical studies examining the relationship between poverty and the risk of HIV infection or AIDS mortality report mixed findings (Beegle, De Weerdt and Dercon 2008; Gillespie, Kadiyala and Greener 2007b). Recently, it has been argued that HIV is more strongly associated with inequality than poverty per se and therefore, the epidemic is more severe in countries undergoing economic transitions (Piot, Greener and Russell 2007). Thus, the universal relationship between poverty and HIV and AIDS tend to remain complex and exceptional (Gillespie et al. 2007a; Gillespie et al. 2007b)
Trade-off between obesity and tobacco consumption
Recent evidence suggests that obesity and tobacco prevalence rates are moving in the opposite direction. This study examines the causal relationship between these variables in Argentina. The effects of tobacco consumption on body weight are estimated by using instrumental variables to address endogeneity problems. To this end, the entry into force of provincial laws on tobacco control at different times are exploited. Our results show that smoking has a negative impact on three weight measures (BMI, weight in kilograms, obesity rate). This finding suggests that anti-smoking measures should be complemented with nutritional controls and the promotion of physical exercise.La evidencia reciente sugiere que la obesidad y la tasa de prevalencia del tabaco se mueven en direcciones opuestas. Este trabajo examina la relacion causal entre dichas variables en Argentina. Los efectos del consumo de tabaco en el peso corporal son estimados utilizando variables instrumentales para lidiar con problemas de endogeneidad. Con este fin, el trabajo toma provecho de leyes provinciales para el control del tabaco que fueron aplicadas en diferentes per´ıodos temporales. Nuestros resultados muestran que fumar tiene un impacto negativo en tres medidas de peso corporal (BMI, peso en kilogramos, tasa de obesidad). Estos hallazgos sugieren que las reglamentaciones contra el tabaco deben ser complementadas con controles nutricionales y promoción de ´la actividad f´ısica
State terrorism in Argentina. Tensions between dominant and local memories
El propósito de este trabajo es analizar las memorias locales en torno al terrorismo de Estado de los habitantes de barrios aledaños a un ex centro clandestino de la ciudad de Córdoba. Se pretende mostrar que, a pesar de la existencia de una política de memoria con tentativa institucionalizadora, los procesos de construcción de sentidos, vinculados con el pasado reciente, siguen abiertos y se caracterizan por la conflictividad y diversidad. Las memorias relevadas muestran construcciones de sentidos más permeados por los supuestos de la “teoría de los dos demonios” que por la memoria dominante de la actualidad en el país. Palabras clave: terrorismo de Estado, memorias locales, memoria oficial, entornos urbanos a centros clandestinos de detención, Córdoba.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the local memories of the inhabitants of neighborhoods surrounding a former clandestine center in the city of Cordoba and their relationship to state terrorism. We seek to show that, despite the existence of a policy that attempts to institutionalize these memories, the processes that construct meanings related to the recent past are still open and are characterized by conflict and diversity. Memories show meanings permeated by the assumptions of the “theory of two demons”Fil: Garbero, Vanesa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; Argentin
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