HRTEM Study on Resistive Switching ZrO2 Thin Films and Their Micro-Fabricated Thin Films

For the next-generation nonvolatile memory material, the most promising candidate is resistive random access memory (RRAM) which is nonvolatile memory with high density, high speed, and low power consumption. Resistive switching (RS) behavior had been reported in various films including transition metal oxides, perovskite, and chalcogenide. For further application, it is still a challenge to fabricate nanostructures of RS material. Micro-fabrication method involves traditional lithography, chemical etching, electron beam direct writing, nano-imprint, and so on. However, the procedure and the cost of these methods are relatively complex and high for semiconductors process. In this chapter, we demonstrate a method for fabricating sub-micro ZrO2 lattice by using sol-gel method combined with laser interference lithography and micro-analysis with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM)

Fluid‐driven soft CoboSkin for safer human–robot collaboration: fabrication and adaptation

In human–robot collaboration, the wrapping material on robots is not only required to have the sensing ability to adapt to the external environment but also need to have the function of cushioning the collision between human and robot. Herein, a fluid‐driven soft robot skin with sensing and actuating function is successfully applied to a collaborative robot and working well with the host robot. The skin is an integration of sponge force sensors and pneumatic actuators. By altering the internal air pressure in pneumatic actuators, the developed robot skin can provide more than ten times tunable stiffness and sensitivity. In addition, the skin can reduce the peak force of the collision and achieve the actuating function. Using three‐dimensional printing and computer‐aided design, the skin is fabricated and attached to a collaborative robot conformally. Drawing upon the data acquisition and control system, the experiment for illustrating the applications of the CoboSkin is successfully performed. The skin provides the robot with multi‐functions, which are similar to the human muscle and skin attached to human bones. By mimicking human skin and muscle with tactile sensing function and stiffness tuning function, CoboSkin can enhance the adaptability of the robot to human daily life

Dissolution behavior of different inclusions in high Al steel reacted with refining slags

Al2O3, Al2O3·TiN, Al2O3·MgO and CaO·2Al2O3 are four different types of inclusions in high Al steels. To improve the steel cleanness level, an effective removal of such inclusions during secondary refin-ing is very important, so these inclusions should be removed effectively via inclusion dissolution in the slag. The dissolution behavior of Al2O3, Al2O3·TiN, Al2O3·MgO and CaO·2Al2O3 in CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO slags as well as the steel-slag reaction was investigated using laser scanning confocal mi-croscopy (LSCM) and high-temperature furnace experiments, and thermodynamic calculations for in-clusions in steel were carried out by FactSage. The results showed that Al2O3·TiN was observed to be completely different from the other oxides. The composite oxides dissolved quickly in slags, and the dissolution time of inclusions increased as their melting point increased. SiO2 and B2O3 in the slag were almost completely reacted with [Al] in steel, so the slags without SiO2 content showed a positive effect on avoiding formation of Al2O3 system inclusions and promoting inclusions dissolution as com-pared to SiO2-rich slags. The steel-slag reaction was also found to influence the inclusion types in steel significantly. Due to the rapid absorption of different inclusions in the slag, it was found that the dissolution time of inclusions mainly depends on the diffusion in the molten slag

Involvement of CYP2E1 in the Course of Brain Edema Induced by Subacute Poisoning With 1,2-Dichloroethane in Mice

This study was designed to explore the role of cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) expression in the course of brain edema induced by subacute poisoning with 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE). Mice were randomly divided into five groups: the control group, the 1,2-DCE poisoned group, and the low-, medium- and high-dose diallyl sulfide (DAS) intervention groups. The present study found that CYP2E1 expression levels in the brains of the 1,2-DCE-poisoned group were upregulated transcriptionally; in contrast, the levels were suppressed by DAS pretreatment in the intervention groups. In addition, the expression levels of both Nrf2 and HO-1 were also upregulated transcriptionally in the brains of the 1,2-DCE-poisoned group, while they were suppressed dose-dependently in the intervention groups. Moreover, compared with the control group, MDA levels and water contents in the brains of the 1,2-DCE-poisoned group increased, whereas NPSH levels and tight junction (TJ) protein levels decreased significantly. Conversely, compared with the 1,2-DCE- poisoned group, MDA levels and water contents in the brains of the intervention groups decreased, and NPSH levels and TJ protein levels increased significantly. Furthermore, pathological changes of brain edema observed in the 1,2-DCE-poisoned group were markedly improved in the intervention groups. Collectively, our results suggested that CYP2E1 expression could be transcriptionally upregulated in 1,2-DCE-poisoned mice, which might enhance 1,2-DCE metabolism in vivo, and induce oxidative damage and TJ disruption in the brain, ultimately leading to brain edema

Analysis of the Characteristics of Fandom Culture and Its Influence on Group Behavior of College Students

The fandom, originally a spontaneous entertainment community formed by star-struck fans, has gradually developed into an organized and specialized circle of interests. Is it possible to extend the fandom culture from cyberspace to reality and establish a boundary separating the fandom culture from the mainstream culture? Are fans just a bunch of kids who are easily manipulated without their self-judgement? How can practitioners of ideological and political education correctly understand the fandom culture and properly guide it in the process of education, enabling college students to treat the fandom culture with correct concepts and mindsets, and steering the healthy growth of college students? This is the main research question of this topic

Soybean LEC2 Regulates Subsets of Genes Involved in Controlling the Biosynthesis and Catabolism of Seed Storage Substances and Seed Development

Soybean is an important oilseed crop and major dietary protein resource, yet the molecular processes and regulatory mechanisms involved in biosynthesis of seed storage substances are not fully understood. The B3 domain transcription factor (TF) LEC2 essentially regulates embryo development and seed maturation in other plants, but is not functionally characterized in soybean. Here, we characterize the function of a soybean LEC2 homolog, GmLEC2a, in regulating carbohydrate catabolism, triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis, and seed development. The experimental analysis showed that GmLEC2a complemented Arabidopsis atlec2 mutant defects in seedling development and TAG accumulation. Over-expression of GmLEC2a in Arabidopsis seeds increased the TAG contents by 34% and the composition of long chain fatty acids by 4% relative to the control seeds. Transcriptome analysis showed that ectopic expression of GmLEC2a in soybean hairy roots up-regulated several sets of downstream TF genes GmLEC1, GmFUS3, GmABI3, GmDof11 and GmWRI1 that regulate the seed development and production of seed storage substances. GmLEC2a regulated the lipid transporter genes and oil body protein gene OLEOSIN (OLE1). The genes involved in carbohydrate biosynthesis and storage, such as sucrose synthesis, and catabolism of TAG, such as lipases in GmLEC2a hairy roots were down-regulated. GmLEC2a targeted metabolic genes for seed protein in soybean

A hybrid strategy of AutoML and SHAP for automated and explainable concrete strength prediction

The precise prediction of concrete compressive strength is essential for ensuring safe and reliable infrastructure design and construction. However, traditional empirical models often struggle to accurately predict compressive strength due to the complex nonlinear relationship between concrete properties and target strength. This study introduces an AutoML-SHAP (Automatic Machine Learning - SHapley Additive exPlanations) strategy, designed to automatically predict the compressive strength of concrete and provide insightful interpretations of the predictive outcomes. The AutoML model uses K-fold bagging and multilayer stacking to automate model selection and hyperparameter tuning. The integration of AutoML and SHAP offers synergistic benefits, facilitating the development of a precise, efficient, and comprehensively interpretable model. Results demonstrate that AutoML-SHAP model outperforms other machine learning models for predicting compressive strength without human intervention. The AutoML model is automatically established within 174 s and exhibits comparable predictive performance with R2 = 0.96, RMSE = 3.63, and MAE = 2.41. SHAP provides a global explanation of the impact of mixing parameters on compressive strength, and a local explanation of feature contribution to each prediction, making the process transparent and reliable. Feature dependence analysis reveals the influence tendency of mixing parameters on strength