Ethical Leadership and Follower’s Work Attitude: The Role of Moral Identification

Drawing on moral self and social identity theory, this study investigated the mediating mechanism of moral identification in the relationship between ethical leadership and employee work attitudes: affective commitment and turnover intention. The sample for this study was drawn from telecom sector in Pakistan. Results for this sample showed that ethical leadership was positively associated with affective commitment, while negatively associated with turnover intentions. Furthermore, moral identification mediated the effects of ethical leadership on affective commitment and turnover intentions. This study discussed the theoretical and practical implications for study results.   Keywords: Ethical leadership, Moral Identification, Affective Commitment, Turnover Intention

Dynamics based Privacy Preservation in Decentralized Optimization

With decentralized optimization having increased applications in various domains ranging from machine learning, control, sensor networks, to robotics, its privacy is also receiving increased attention. Existing privacy-preserving approaches for decentralized optimization achieve privacy preservation by patching decentralized optimization with information-technology privacy mechanisms such as differential privacy or homomorphic encryption, which either sacrifices optimization accuracy or incurs heavy computation/communication overhead. We propose an inherently privacy-preserving decentralized optimization algorithm by exploiting the robustness of decentralized optimization to uncertainties in optimization dynamics. More specifically, we present a general decentralized optimization framework, based on which we show that privacy can be enabled in decentralized optimization by adding randomness in optimization parameters. We further show that the added randomness has no influence on the accuracy of optimization, and prove that our inherently privacy-preserving algorithm has $R$-linear convergence when the global objective function is smooth and strongly convex. We also rigorously prove that the proposed algorithm can avoid the gradient of a node from being inferable by other nodes. Numerical simulation results confirm the theoretical predictions

Impact of Ethical Leadership on Follower’s In-role Performance: Evidence from Pakistan

In the modern world of business, the competition is fierce, the margins are thinning; raising employee performance and loyalty is a major concern for organizations. Many cradles of enhancing productivity and loyalty have been unearthed by researchers and one such driver is “ethical leadership” and that is why Douglas Conant explains “to win in the marketplace you must first win in the workplace.” In this study, we investigate the mediating mechanisms of perceived organizational support (POS) and organizational identification (OI) in explaining the process by which ethical leadership influences follower’s in-role performance. This study covers the banking sector in Pakistan, which recommends that ethical leadership nurtures employee in-role performance via POS and organizational identification. This study also offers implication for theory and practices. Keywords. Organizational Identification. POS. In-role Performance. Ethical leadership. Pakistan