Study of pyrolysis for biochar production from biomass feedstocks using a simplified Aspen Plus model

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Biowaste to biochar: hydrothermal carbonisation & high temperature torrefaction of food waste anaerobic digestate

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Assessing Environmental and Economical Suitability of Ethanol Production from Rice Straw for Sri Lanka (summary)

報告番号: ; 学位授与年月日: 2011-09-27 ; 学位の種別: 修士 ; 学位の種類: 修士(環境学) ; 学位記番号: 修創域第4088号 ; 研究科・専攻: 新領域創成科学研究科環境学研究系環境システム学専

Effect of reagents addition method in Fenton oxidation on the destruction of organics in palm oil mill effluent

H2O2 and Fe2+ are the reagents added in Fenton oxidation and their rapid consumption affects the oxidation performances. In this study, effect of reagents addition methods on the oxidation performances in Fenton process was studied considering the palm oil mill effluent (POME) degradation. POME is a thick, acidic, brownish and odorous wastewater containing high organics and nitrogen which generates during crude palm oil production process. Seven reagents addition methods as “conventional”, “continuous H2O2”, “fractional H2O2”, “continuous Fe2+”, “fractional Fe2+”, “continuous Fe2+ and H2O2”, “fractional Fe2+ and H2O2” were examined under COD:H2O2:Fe2+ molar ratio of 1:4:1 at pH 2-3 to identify the most effective methods. Identical experiments were conducted for methanol as a reference. Fe2+ addition methods heavily affected the organics degradation over H2O2 addition methods. The highest TOC and nitrogen reductions were obtained by “continuous Fe2+” addition. Higher concentration of Fe2+ during “continuous Fe2+” addition was detected over other methods, indicating the effective progressing of Fenton reaction. Fractional and continuous addition methods achieved higher organics degradations over conventional method except for the “continuous H2O2” addition. Our findings on the effects of reagents addition methods will assist on enhancing Fenton oxidation performances in future studies

DECO2—An Open-Source Energy System Decarbonisation Planning Software including Negative Emissions Technologies

The deployment of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) and negative emissions technologies (NETs) are crucial to meeting the net-zero emissions target by the year 2050, as emphasised by the Glasgow Climate Pact. Over the years, several energy planning models have been developed to address the temporal aspects of carbon management. However, limited works have incorporated CCS and NETs for bottom-up energy planning at the individual plant scale, which is considered in this work. The novel formulation is implemented in an open-source energy system software that has been developed in this work for optimal decarbonisation planning. The DECarbonation Options Optimisation (DECO2) software considers multiperiod energy planning with a superstructural model and was developed in Python with an integrated user interface in Microsoft Excel. The software application is demonstrated with two scenarios that differ in terms of the availabilities of mitigation technologies. For the more conservative Scenario 1, in which CCS is only available in later years, and other NETs are assumed not to be available, all coal plants were replaced with biomass. Meanwhile, only 38% of natural gas plants are CCS retrofitted. The remaining natural gas plants are replaced with biogas. For the more aggressive Scenario 2, which includes all mitigation technologies, once again, all coal plants undergo fuel substitution. However, close to half of the natural gas plants are CCS retrofitted. The results demonstrated the potential of fuel substitutions for low-carbon alternatives in existing coal and natural gas power plants. Additionally, once NETs are mature and are available for commercial deployment, their deployment is crucial in aiding CO2 removal in minimal investment costs scenarios. However, the results indicate that the deployment of energy-producing NETs (EP-NETs), e.g., biochar and biomass with CCS, are far more beneficial in CO2 removal versus energy-consuming NETs (EC-NETs), e.g., enhanced weathering. The newly developed open-source software demonstrates the importance of determining the optimal deployment of mitigation technologies in meeting climate change targets for each period, as well as driving the achievement of net-zero emissions by mid-century