2 research outputs found

    The use of CRISPR-Cas9 system for MMP-9 silencing in the treatment of bladder cancer

    No full text
    INTRODUÇÃO: O CĂąncer de Bexiga (CaB) Ă© o dĂ©cimo tipo de cĂąncer mais comum entre ambos os sexos, responsĂĄvel por cerca de 4% de todos os casos novos de cĂąncer. É uma doença de morbidade, mortalidade e custos significativos, principalmente nos casos de estadiamento mais avançados. Com o avanço da pesquisa bĂĄsica em oncologia, novos marcadores tumorais e mecanismos de evolução da doença tĂȘm surgido. Com o advento da tĂ©cnica de CRISPR-Cas9 para edição genĂŽmica, novas perspectivas surgiram no estudo do processo de surgimento e progressĂŁo do cĂąncer, como a anĂĄlise do papel de molĂ©culas especĂ­ficas no processo de carcinogĂȘnese, como a metaloproteinase de matriz 9 (MMP-9). OBJETIVO: Analisar o efeito do bloqueio da expressĂŁo gĂȘnica da MMP-9 utilizando a tĂ©cnica de CRISPR-Cas9 para edição gĂȘnica em cĂ©lulas de carcinoma urotelial de bexiga T24-luc. MÉTODOS: Inicialmente, foi realizada a inserção das sequĂȘncias de RNAs guias (sgRNA 1 e 2) para sequĂȘncias-alvo no gene da MMP-9 no plasmĂ­deo pX-330. Em seguida, os plasmĂ­deos jĂĄ modificados foram transfectados em linhagens celulares T24-luc e posteriormente, realizadas anĂĄlises de expressĂŁo gĂȘnica e proteica por meio de RT-qPCR e Western-blotting, respectivamente. Para a anĂĄlise do impacto funcional do bloqueio da MMP-9, foram realizados ensaios de proliferação celular e apoptose com citometria de fluxo, ensaio de formação de colĂŽnias, ensaio de migração celular por meio do teste de fechamento de ferida e ensaio de invasĂŁo celular atravĂ©s da tĂ©cnica de Matrigel. RESULTADOS: Primeiramente, foi realizada a validação dos plasmĂ­deos pX-330 apĂłs inserção dos sgRNAs da MMP-9 por meio de sequenciamento. ApĂłs a transfecção da linhagem celular T24, comprovada pela presença de GFP positiva na microscopia de fluorescĂȘncia, observou-se a redução da expressĂŁo gĂȘnica de MMP-9 utilizando a sgRNA2 e redução da expressĂŁo proteica de MMP-9 com ambos sgRNAs. O efeito celular do knockout da MMP-9 foi observado por redução da capacidade de proliferação e aumento da apoptose celular em citometria de fluxo e redução da capacidade de formação de colĂŽnias in vitro, das cĂ©lulas editadas em comparação ao controle. Observou-se, ainda, significativa redução na capacidade de migração e de invasĂŁo celular de cĂ©lulas transfectadas.CONCLUSÃO: A edição gĂȘnica pela tĂ©cnica de CRISPR-Cas9 para o silenciamento da MMP-9 em linhagem celular de CaB foi capaz de inibir funçÔes como proliferação, migração e invasĂŁo celular, etapas essenciais no processo de progressĂŁo tumoral, bem como estimulou a apoptose das cĂ©lulas editadas. Tais resultados nĂŁo sĂł corroboram com o papel da MMP-9 nos processos de tumorigĂȘnese como tambĂ©m sugerem a MMP-9 como possĂ­vel alvo terapĂȘuticoINTRODUCTION: Bladder Cancer (BCa) is the tenth most common type of cancer among both sexes, responsible for approximately 4% of all new cancer cases. It is a disease of significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs, especially in more advanced cases. With the advancement of basic cancer research, new biomarkers and disease mechanisms have emerged. The arrival of the CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technique brought new perspectives for basic oncologic research, such as the analysis of the role of specific molecules in the carcinogenesis process, such as matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). OBJECTIVE: To analyze the MMP-9 gene expression downregulation effects by CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technique in T24-luc bladder urothelial carcinoma cell lines. METHODS: Initially, the insertion of guide RNA sequences (sgRNA 1 and 2) for target sequences in the MMP-9 gene in the pX-330 plasmid was performed. Then, the modified plasmids were transfected into T24-luc cell lines, and gene and protein expression were analyzed using RT-qPCR and Westernblotting, respectively. To analyze the functional impact of MMP-9 silencing, cell proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed using flow cytometry, colony formation assay, cell migration assay using the wound healing test, and Matrigel cell invasion assay. RESULTS: Firstly, sequencing validated the pX-330 plasmids after insertion of the MMP-9 sgRNAs. After transfecting the T24 cell line, proven by the presence of positive GFP in fluorescence microscopy, a reduction in MMP-9 gene expression was observed using sgRNA2, and a reduction in MMP-9 protein expression was observed with both sgRNAs. The effect of MMP-9 knockout on T24 cells was observed by reduced proliferation capacity, increased cellular apoptosis in flow cytometry, and reduced in vitro colony formation capacity of edited cells compared to the control. A significant reduction in transfected cells\' migration and invasion capacity was also observed. CONCLUSION: The CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technique for silencing MMP-9 in BCa cell lines inhibited functions such as proliferation, migration, and cell invasion, essential steps in the tumor progression process, and increased apoptosis of edited cells. These results support the role of MMP-9 in tumorigenesis processes and suggest MMP-9 as a potential therapeutic targe

    Scoring system for prediction of overall survival in patients with renal cell carcinoma T3aN0M0

    Get PDF
    Abstract Objective We aim to create a new score to predict postoperative overall survival in patients with nonmetastatic T3aN0 renal cell carcinoma. Methods We reviewed the clinical data of adult patients who underwent radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma between December 2007 and January 2022 in a single tertiary oncological institution. Clinical characteristics, clinical‐pathological staging and histopathological characteristics were analysed. Survival analyses were determined using the Kaplan–Meier curve. A nomogram was established using Cox proportional hazard regression to identify the prognostic factors affecting the overall survival. The area under the curve, calibration curves and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate prognostic efficacy. Results We analyzed 362 patients classified as pT3aN0M0 stage with a median follow‐up of 40 months. According to Cox univariate and multivariate analyses, weight loss greater than 5% in 6 months before surgery, stage V chronic kidney disease after radical nephrectomy, sarcomatoid pattern, and coagulative tumor necrosis were identified as predictors of overall survival. We developed a score and performed internal and external validation. The time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic curve, area under the curve value and calibration curve analysis showed good prediction ability of the score. The nomogram can effectively predict and stratify overall survival after radical nephrectomy in patients with pT3aN0M0 renal cell carcinoma. Conclusion Patients with pT3aN0MO renal cell carcinoma exhibited different characteristics, and those with unfavourable characteristics deserve greater attention during follow‐up. This nomogram provides an accurate prediction of overall survival after radical nephrectomy
    corecore