Jews In The Mirror: From Hatred To Reconciliation In American-Jewish Fiction.

Isaac Rosenfeld\u27s short novel The Colony1 is an orwellian allegory which on a significant level explores the range of attitudes expressed by contemporary Jews toward themselves and other Jews. Set in an exotic fictional country on the Indian subcontinent, the narrative pits the intellectual Satya, successor to a prophet-like leader, against the machinations of a controlling technology given to efficiency and the waging of modern war. During a rally at which he urges his audience to passively despise and disobey, Satya is seized and imprisoned, whereupon his true ordeal begins. He is accosted by foes even more formidable than his jailors: his people and himself. Initially lauded by his companions for his vision and patriotis, Satya is by devolving stages doubted, then suspected, then vilified, and finally beaten to the brink of senselessness by his fellow prisoners. The divisiveness which the regime wished to incite among the colonials is complete, for the victims come to admire their tormentors in proportion to their own self-disparagement, signalled by their pummeling of the man they originally exalted

Criminal Penalties Under the Sherman Act: A Study of Law and Economics

This paper presents an empirical analysis of criminal antitrust prosecutions undertaken by the Department of Justice during the period 1955-1993. The authors report data on the number of criminal cases, the type of offense alleged, whether the defendants were individuals or firms, the position individual defendants held in their firm, the Department of Justice\u27s won/lost record and the nature and amount of any sanctions imposed. A brief discussion of whether the reported sanctions have been adequate to promote efficient deterrence is also presented

Criminal Penalties Under the Sherman Act: A Study of Law and Economics

This paper presents an empirical analysis of criminal antitrust prosecutions undertaken by the Department of Justice during the period 1955-1993. The authors report data on the number of criminal cases, the type of offense alleged, whether the defendants were individuals or firms, the position individual defendants held in their firm, the Department of Justice\u27s won/lost record and the nature and amount of any sanctions imposed. A brief discussion of whether the reported sanctions have been adequate to promote efficient deterrence is also presented

Department of Justice Antitrust Enforcement, 1955-1997: An Empirical Study

This is an empirical study of Department of Justice (DOJ) enforcement of the antitrust laws. Its purpose is fourfold: 1.To update Posner\u27s study A Statistical Study of Antitrust Enforcement (Posner, 1970, pp. 365-419). 2.To provide consistent and comparable measures of antitrust enforcement effort by the Department of Justice. 3.To report these measurements in a concise and systematic way in order to encourage empirical studies of antitrust issues. 4.To explore some implications for antitrust issues. The purpose is to present the overall historical record of DOJ antitrust activity as well as some patterns in that history. More detailed analysis is left for future work. The following information for cases undertaken by the DOJ are reported: number of cases, choice of civil or criminal remedies, alleged violations, corporate officials prosecuted, won-loss record, civil and criminal sanctions imposed, and length of the proceedings. The principal source of data is the CCH Trade Regulation Reporter, commonly referred to as the CCH Bluebook which contains brief summaries of all DOJ antitrust cases in order of their filing

Cooperation and Cognition in Social Networks

Social networks can sustain cooperation by amplifying the consequences of a single defection through a cascade of relationship losses. Building on Jackson et al. (2012), we introduce a novel robustness notion to characterize low cognitive complexity (LCC) networks - a subset of equilibrium networks that imposes a minimal cognitive burden to calculate and comprehend the consequences of defection. We test our theory in a laboratory experiment and find that cooperation is higher in equilibrium than in non-equilibrium networks. Within equilibrium networks, LCC networks exhibit higher levels of cooperation than non-LCC networks. Learning is essential for the emergence of equilibrium play

Comparación de la NaProTecnología con las Técnicas de Reproducción Asistida

La progresiva medicalización de la infertilidad en las últimas tres décadas se corresponde con una creciente difusión de las Tecnologías de Reproducción Asistida (TRA), que han dejado en la sombra, casi por completo, otros enfoques más fisiológicos del tratamiento de la infertilidad, que tienen menos riesgos, son más económicos y, a la vez, igualmente efectivos. Este trabajo presenta un enfoque sistemático e integrado: la NaProTecnología (NPT), que tiene como objetivo optimizar las condiciones fisiológicas en cada ciclo menstrual, para permitir, de esta forma, una concepción por métodos naturales. Este método se postula como una mejor solución para el tratamiento de la infertilidad, desde un punto de vista que no sólo es más ético, sino que, además, es compatible con otros puntos de vistas religiosos, médicos, sociales, legales y ambientales. Los gobiernos deberían promover y financiar la NPT y, al mismo tiempo, las sociedades médicas y científicas deberían diseñar estudios para comparar de una manera justa la tasa de éxito, los costos y las complicaciones de la NPT en contraposición al método TRA tradicional