Coubertin and the artistic competitions in the Modern Olympic Games

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la importancia que tenía para Coubertin la inclusión de concursos artísticos en el programa oficial de los Juegos Olímpicos modernos. Se estudiará cómo, cuándo y por qué surgió la idea en Coubertin de unir de manera armoniosa las artes y las letras a los Juegos Olímpicos, como ya ocurriera en la antigua Olimpia. En los Juegos Olímpicos de Estocolmo de 1912, se celebraron por primera vez competiciones deportivas y concursos artísticos, cumpliéndose el anhelo de Coubertin. Sin embargo, después de siete citas olímpicas en las que se habían celebrado concursos artísticos, el COI decidió suprimirlos en 1949, sustituyéndolos por “Olimpíadas Culturales”, “exhibiciones” o “exposiciones”. La metodología de este estudio es histórica y se fundamenta en fuentes primarias y secundarias. Como conclusión, para Coubertin fueron tan importantes los concursos artísticos en los Juegos Olímpicos modernos que tuvieron el mismo rango que las competiciones deportivasThe aim of this essay is to analyse the importance that Coubertin gave to including the artistic competitions in the official programme of the modern Olympic Games. It will be studied how, when and why Coubertin's idea of harmoniously joining arts and letters to the Olympic Games appeared, as it had already happened in ancient Olympia. In the Olympic Games of Stockholm 1912, sport and artistic competitions were celebrated for the first time, fulfilling thus Coubertin's longing. However, after seven Olympic events where artistic competitions had been held, the IOC decided to eliminate them in 1949 and to replace them for "Cultural Olympics", "exhibitions" or "expositions". The methodology of this study is historical and based on primary and secondary sources. In conclusion, to Coubertin the artistic competitions in the modern Olympic Games were so important as to have the same status as the sport competition

Biological synthesis of fluorescent nanoparticles by cadmium and tellurite resistant Antarctic bacteria: exploring novel natural nanofactories

Indexación: Web of ScienceBackground: Fluorescent nanoparticles or quantum dots (QDs) have been intensely studied for basic and applied research due to their unique size-dependent properties. There is an increasing interest in developing ecofriendly methods to synthesize these nanoparticles since they improve biocompatibility and avoid the generation of toxic byproducts. The use of biological systems, particularly prokaryotes, has emerged as a promising alternative. Recent studies indicate that QDs biosynthesis is related to factors such as cellular redox status and antioxidant defenses. Based on this, the mixture of extreme conditions of Antarctica would allow the development of natural QDs producing bacteria. Results: In this study we isolated and characterized cadmium and tellurite resistant Antarctic bacteria capable of synthesizing CdS and CdTe QDs when exposed to these oxidizing heavy metals. A time dependent change in fluorescence emission color, moving from green to red, was determined on bacterial cells exposed to metals. Biosynthesis was observed in cells grown at different temperatures and high metal concentrations. Electron microscopy analysis of treated cells revealed nanometric electron-dense elements and structures resembling membrane vesicles mostly associated to periplasmic space. Purified biosynthesized QDs displayed broad absorption and emission spectra characteristic of biogenic Cd nanoparticles. Conclusions: Our work presents a novel and simple biological approach to produce QDs at room temperature by using heavy metal resistant Antarctic bacteria, highlighting the unique properties of these microorganisms as potent natural producers of nano-scale materials and promising candidates for bioremediation purposes.http://microbialcellfactories.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12934-016-0477-

Teacher participation & qualifications regarding extra-curricula sport activities

En la presente investigación se aborda el estudio y análisis de la intervención docente del profesorado de las actividades físico-deportivas extraescolares en los centros educativos de Educación Secundaria de la Comunidad de Madrid en función de su formación inicial. La investigación sigue una metodología cuantitativa de corte descriptivo, a través de la encuesta. El tamaño de la muestra es de 350 personas y para su cálculo se consideraron varios aspectos: la población era finita; se recurre en la varianza poblacional al supuesto más desfavorable donde “P” y “Q” son iguales con el 50% cada uno; el intervalo de confianza es del 95,5%, con un margen de error del ± 4,75%. Los resultados revelan que existe un alto porcentaje de profesores que no realizan una programación de sus actividades ni tampoco evalúan a sus alumnos. Asimismo, los resultados sugieren que la intervención docente de las personas no tituladas es menos adecuada.In this research is done the study and analysis of teacher intervention in the extra-curricular sport activities of educational centres for secondary education in Comunidad de Madrid. The research follows a quantitative methodology with a descriptive profile which, across survey, in which a cross-sectional survey have been carried out.The size of the sample is 350 people and for its calculation, several aspects have been considered: The population was finite; the least favourable hypothesis is considered in the population variation, where “P” and “Q” are equal, with 50% each; the confidence interval is 95%, with an error margin of ± 4.75%. The results reveal that exits a high percentage of teachers who don’t programme their activities and don’t evaluate their students. Furthermore, the results suggest that the teacher intervention is less adequate to the teachers who don’t have any qualification

1-(5-Hydroxy-1-phenyl-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)ethanone

The crystal structure of the title compound, C12H9F3N2O2, contains two independent mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The mol­ecules are chemically identical but exhibit a significant difference in the dihedral angles between the mean planes of the phenyl and pyrazole rings, with values of of 11.62 (13) and 18.17 (11)°. Moreover, the trifluoro­methyl group in one of the mol­ecules shows rotational disorder of the F atoms, with site occupancy factors of 0.929 (6) and 0.071 (6). The hydroxyl group in each of the mol­ecules shows a strong intra­molecular hydrogen bond with the carbonyl O atom, forming a six-membered ring and forcing the formyl group and pyrazole ring to be coplanarshowing C—C—C—O torsion angles of ?0.3(5)o and 0.°. Weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O and C—H⋯F inter­actions contribute to the stabilization of the crystal packing

El paisaje eólico de la llanura aluvial de San Juan (Llanura Manchega Central)

[Resumen] El campo dunar de la Llanura aluvial de San Juan, esta caracterizado por la presencia dedunas arcillosas, limosas o limo-arcillosas. Morfologicamente, son dunas de tipo parabólico y otras con aspecto "cónico", "transverso" o "longitudinal", construidas por paleovientos efectivos que provenían del W y SW. Finalmente, se discute la edad y origen de estos complejos dunares.[Abstract] The dunes of the San Juan alluvial plain consists most characteristically of clayey, silty, and clayeysilty dunes, which morphologically are most commonly of parabolic type , but dome-shaped, transverse and linear dunes are present as well. These were built up by effective winds coming from the Wand SW. Finally, both the age and genesis of these dunes is discússed

Four-body continuum-discretized coupled-channels calculations using a transformed harmonic oscillator basis

The scattering of a weakly bound three-body system by a target is discussed. A transformed harmonic oscillator basis is used to provide an appropriate discrete and finite basis for treating the continuum part of the spectrum of the projectile. The continuum-discretized coupled channels framework is used for the scattering calculations. The formalism is applied to different reactions, 6He+12C at 229.8 MeV, 6He+64Zn at 10 and 13.6 MeV, and 6He+208Pb at 22 MeV, induced by the Borromean nucleus 6He. Both the Coulomb and nuclear interactions with a target are taken into account.Comment: Published in Phys. Rev.

Specific enzyme detection following isoelectric focusing as a complimentary tool for the differentiation of related Gadoid fish species

5 páginas, 4 figurasThe presence of specific enzymes in the sarcoplasmic protein fraction of eight gadoid fish species has been investigated following isoelectric focusing (IEF) in the 3.5–9.5 pH range. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glycerol-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G-3-PD) allowed the differentiation of most of the gadoids tested, even in the case of closely related species belonging to the genus Merluccius. Investigation of arginine kinase and creatine kinase afforded non-specific enzyme patterns in the species tested. Adenylate kinase and malate dehydrogenase did not give specific or reproducible enzyme patterns. Analysis of LDH and G-3-PD activities in commercial IEF gels was shown to be a reliable and reproducible technique for distinguishing closely related Merluccius spp. and other gadoid fish speciesThe authors thank the financial support of CICYT (Project ALI95-0053)Peer reviewe

Three-body continuum discretization in a basis of transformed harmonic oscillator states

The inclusion of the continuum in the study of weakly-bound three-body systems is discussed. A transformed harmonic oscillator basis is introduced to provide an appropriate discrete and finite basis for treating the continuum part of the spectrum. As examples of the application of the method the strength functions corresponding to several operators that couple the ground state to the continuum are investigated, for 6He, and compared with previous calculations. It is found that the energy moments of these distributions are accurately reproduced with a small basis set.Comment: 12 figures, submitted to PR

Descriptive analysis of physical performance variables in a Chilean women's first division football team

The physical capacities of speed, strength, resistance, and flexibility are related to the metabolic and mechanical potential of the muscle, which, when correctly oriented according to the demands of the game, can be factors that contribute to the performance and health status of athletes. The objective of this study was to carry out a descriptive analysis of the performance of the speed, strength, resistance, and flexibility in Chilean soccer players of the first division based the playing position. The participants of this study were 30 players, aged between 18 and 28 years, who were beginning the preparation period. They were grouped according to the position of the game according to 3 goalkeepers (PO), 4 center backs (CT), 6 full backs (LT), 6 midfielders (MC), 5 wide midfielders (MB) and 6 forwards (DC). The players completed the 30 linear meter sprint tests (V30M), Arrowhead Agility Test (AAT), Counter Movement Jump (CMJ), Intermittent Fitness Test (30-15IFT) and Straight Leg Raise (EPR). No significant differences were observed for the variables of speed, strength, resistance, and flexibility according to the game position (p<.05), but if significant relationships were found between V30M and AAT (r=.435, p=.001), CMJ (r=-.599, p=.000), VIFT (r=-.621, p=.000), VO2máx (r=-.562, p=.001) and EPR-D (r=-.418, p=.019), between EPR-ND y AAT (r=.448, p=.012), EPR-D and CMJ (r=.537, p=.002), VIFT and VO2máx (r=.934, p=.000), EPR-D and EPR-ND (r=.813, p=.000). In conclusion, the physical capacities of speed, strength, resistance, and flexibility do not differ depending on the playing position, but they do present significant relationships between them, especially the speed.Las capacidades físicas de velocidad, fuerza, resistencia y flexibilidad están relacionadas con el potencial metabólico y mecánico del músculo, que al ser orientadas correctamente de acuerdo con las demandas del juego pueden ser factores que contribuyan al rendimiento y al estado de salud de las deportistas. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar un análisis descriptivo del rendimiento de la velocidad, la fuerza, la resistencia y la flexibilidad en futbolistas chilenas de primera división en función a la posición de juego. Las participantes de este estudio fueron 30 jugadoras con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 28 años, las cuales se encontraban iniciando el periodo de preparación. Fueron agrupadas según la posición de juego en 3 guardametas (PO), 4 centrales (CT), 6 laterales (LT), 6 mediocentros (MC), 5 mediocentros de banda (MB) y 6 delanteras (DC). Las jugadoras completaron las pruebas de velocidad en 30 metros lineales (V30M), Arrowhead Agility Test (AAT), Counter Movement Jump (CMJ), Intermittent Fitness Test (30-15IFT) y Elevación de la Pierna Recta (EPR). No se observaron diferencias significativas para las variables de velocidad, fuerza, resistencia y flexibilidad según la posición de juego (p<.05), pero si se encontraron relaciones significativas entre V30M y AAT (r=.435, p=.001), CMJ (r=-.599, p=.000), VIFT (r=-.621, p=.000), VO2máx (r=-.562, p=.001) y EPR-D (r=-.418, p=.019), entre EPR-ND y AAT (r=.448, p=.012), EPR-D y CMJ (r=.537, p=.002), VIFT y VO2máx (r=.934, p=.000), EPR-D y EPR-ND (r=.813, p=.000). En conclusión, las capacidades físicas de velocidad, fuerza, resistencia y flexibilidad no difieren en función a la posición de juego, pero presentan relaciones significativas entre ellas, especialmente la velocidad