Technique for producing bipolar and MOS field effect transistors on a single chip

Several cycles of photoetching, dopant deposition, and drive-in produce selectively-doped regions and semiconductor junctions within a single chip

X-raying the Winds of Luminous Active Galaxies

We briefly describe some recent observational results, mainly at X-ray wavelengths, on the winds of luminous active galactic nuclei (AGNs). These winds likely play a significant role in galaxy feedback. Topics covered include (1) Relations between X-ray and UV absorption in Broad Absorption Line (BAL) and mini-BAL quasars; (2) X-ray absorption in radio-loud BAL quasars; and (3) Evidence for relativistic iron K BALs in the X-ray spectra of a few bright quasars. We also mention some key outstanding problems and prospects for future advances; e.g., with the International X-ray Observatory (IXO).Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, to appear in proceedings of the conference "The Monster's Fiery Breath: Feedback in Galaxies, Groups, and Clusters", June 2009, Madison, Wisconsi

Fano Lineshapes Revisited: Symmetric Photoionization Peaks from Pure Continuum Excitation

In a photoionization spectrum in which there is no excitation of the discrete states, but only the underlying continuum, we have observed resonances which appear as symmetric peaks, not the commonly expected window resonances. Furthermore, since the excitation to the unperturbed continuum vanishes, the cross section expected from Fano's configuration interaction theory is identically zero. This shortcoming is removed by the explicit introduction of the phase shifted continuum, which demonstrates that the shape of a resonance, by itself, provides no information about the relative excitation amplitudes to the discrete state and the continuum.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

A prospective comparison of the AUSDRISK and HbA1c for persons with spinal cord injury

© 2016, Australian Nursing Federation. All rights reserved. Objective The primary object of this study was to determine the validity of the Australian Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Tool (AUSDRISK) for predicting the development of type 2 diabetes in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). Design and setting The prospective comparative study (December 2013-March 2014) collected data on AUSDRISK and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in participants’ homes. Participants Participation rate was 67% (n=79). Study criteria: over 18 years of age, a SCI for more than 12 months, living at home, wheelchair dependant and no diabetes diagnosis. Main outcome measures AUSDRISK sensitivity and specificity in predicting incident type 2 diabetes in persons with SCI. Results Of the 79 participants, 81% were male, mean age was 53 years (SD 14.14) with 23.2years (median 23; SD +/- 13.2yrs) since injury. There was a positive correlation between length of time since SCI and risk score (AUSDRISK) (r =. 242, p =. 032). Participants with high AUSDRISK scores had higher HbA1c% (5.38 versus 5.2, p =. 026) level. The high risk classification explained a moderate amount of HbA1c % (area under curve =. 651; 95% CI. 53 -. 77). The level of HbA1c which had the highest sensitivity (.59) and specificity (.73) for risk classification was 5.25%. Waist circumference and physical activity items require further powered studies to determine if appropriately weighted. Conclusion Comparing the AUSDRISK with HbA1c assays, the AUSDRISK can predict type 2 diabetes risk in a person with SCI, although further powered studies are needed to be undertaken, to refine the predictive capacity of the tool

Investigation of laser frequency stabilization

Frequency stabilization of far infrared lase

Millimeter wave satellite concepts, volume 1

The identification of technologies necessary for development of millimeter spectrum communication satellites was examined from a system point of view. Development of methodology based on the technical requirements of potential services that might be assigned to millimeter wave bands for identifying the viable and appropriate technologies for future NASA millimeter research and development programs, and testing of this methodology with selected user applications and services were the goals of the program. The entire communications network, both ground and space subsystems was studied. Cost, weight, and performance models for the subsystems, conceptual design for point-to-point and broadcast communications satellites, and analytic relationships between subsystem parameters and an overall link performance are discussed along with baseline conceptual systems, sensitivity studies, model adjustment analyses, identification of critical technologies and their risks, and brief research and development program scenarios for the technologies judged to be moderate or extensive risks. Identification of technologies for millimeter satellite communication systems, and assessment of the relative risks of these technologies, was accomplished through subsystem modeling and link optimization for both point-to-point and broadcast applications