Las emociones en la filosofía de la ciencia

En este artículo se hace una propuesta de incorporación de las emociones en la filosofía de la ciencia. En el primer apartado se muestra la exclusión de las emociones en ciencia tanto en el positivismo lógico como en el racionalismo crítico. En el segundo apartado se ofrece una incorporación de las emociones en ciencia a partir de la abducción peirceana y de la deliberación de teorías kuhniana. Frente a las versiones clásicas de la filosofía de la ciencia se insiste en el hecho de que las emociones son el primer paso del proceso de creación científica y que son cruciales para la deliberación entre teorías en competencia.This article is a proposal to incorporate emotions on philosophy of science. In the first section shows the exclusion of emotions in both science and logical positivism and critical rationalism. The second section provides an integration of emotions in science from the peircean abduction and deliberation of kuhnian theories. Faced with the clasisic versions of the philosophy of science emphazices the fact that emotions are the first step in the process of scientific and are the crucial for deliberation among competing theories

Epistemología y hermenéutica: entre lo conmensurable y lo inconmensurable

Traditionally epistemology and hermeneutics have been separated, since the first deals with commensurability and the second with incommensurability. Nevertheless, in my opinion, nowadays it is possible to unite epistemology and hermeneutics if we start from a theory contemporary epistemology: the theory of the truth as rational acceptability in optimal epistemic conditions. This theory allows us to justify commensurability and to understand incommensurability.    Tradicionalmente se ha separado a la epistemología y a la hermenéutica, puesto que la primera trata de lo conmensurable y la segunda, lo inconmensurable. Sin embargo, en mi opinión, hoy en día es posible unir a la epistemología y la hermenéutica sólo si partimos de una teoría de la epistemología contemporánea: la teoría de la verdad como aceptabilidad racional en condiciones epistémicas óptimas. Dicha teoría permite justificar lo conmensurable y entender lo inconmensurable.  

Transcriptomics data integration reveals Jak-STAT as a common pathway affected by pathogenic intracellular bacteria in natural reservoir hosts

The study of the host-pathogen interface in natural reservoir hosts is essential to identify host-cell mechanisms affected by bacterial infection and persistence. Herein we used the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) to integrate transcriptomics data and find common host-cell biological processes, molecular functions and pathways affected by pathogenic intracellular bacteria of the genera Anaplasma, Brucella and Mycobacterium during infection and persistence in two natural reservoir hosts, wild boar and sheep. The results showed that the upregulation of host innate immune pro-inflammatory genes and signaling pathways constitutes a general antibacterial mechanism in response to intracellular bacteria. Pathway focused analysis revealed a role for the Jak-STAT pathway during bacterial intracellular infection, a fact reported before in Mycobacterium infected cells but not during Brucella spp. and A. phagocytophilum infection. A clear activation of the Jak-STAT pathway was observed in A. phagocytophilum infected wild boar and sheep when compared to uninfected controls. Brucella spp. infection resulted in a balanced regulation of the Jak-STAT signaling and M. bovis infection of wild boar clearly produced a downregulation of some of the Jak-STAT effectors such as IL5 and TKY2. These results suggested that mycobacteria and brucellae induce host innate immune responses while manipulating adaptive immunity to circumvent host-cell defenses and establish infection. In contrast, A. phagocytophilum infection induces both innate and adaptive immunity, those suggesting that this pathogen uses other mechanisms to circumvent host-cell defenses by downregulating other adaptive immune genes and delaying the apoptotic death of neutrophils through activation of the Jak-STAT pathway among other mechanisms.This research was supported by the Grupo Santander and Fundación Marcelino Botín, Spain (project Control of Tuberculosis in Wildlife) and the EU FP7, ANTIGONE project number 278976. R.C. Galindo was funded by Ministerio de Ciencia y Educación (MEC), Spain.Peer Reviewe

Poly-l/dl-lactic acid films functionalized with collagen IV as carrier substrata for corneal epithelial stem cells

Limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs) are responsible for the renewal of corneal epithelium. Cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation is the current treatment of choice for restoring the loss or dysfunction of LESCs. To perform this procedure, a substratum is necessary for in vitro culturing of limbal epithelial cells and their subsequent transplantation onto the ocular surface. In this work, we evaluated poly-L/DL-lactic acid 70:30 (PLA) films functionalized with type IV collagen (col IV) as potential in vitro carrier substrata for LESCs. We first demonstrated that PLA-col IV films were biocompatible and suitable for the proliferation of human corneal epithelial cells. Subsequently, limbal epithelial cell suspensions, isolated from human limbal rings, were cultivated using culture medium that did not contain animal components. The cells adhered significantly faster to PLA-col IV films than to tissue culture plastic (TCP). The mRNA expression levels for the LESC specific markers, K15, P63α and ABCG2 were similar or greater (significantly in the case of K15) in limbal epithelial cells cultured on PLA-col IV films than limbal epithelial cells cultured on TCP. The percentage of cells expressing the corneal (K3, K12) and the LESC (P63α, ABCG2) specific markers was similar for both substrata. These results suggest that the PLA-col IV films promoted LESC attachment and helped to maintain their undifferentiated stem cell phenotype. Consequently, these substrata offer an alternative for the transplantation of limbal cells onto the ocular surface.This work was supported by the Carlos III National Institute of Health, Spain (CIBER-BBN and Spanish Network on Cell Therapy, (TerCel RD12/0019/0036), MINECO/FEDER, EU), and the Castilla y León Regional Government, Spain (Regional Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, SAN673/VA/28/08 and SAN126/VA11/09)

Therapeutic Effect of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Experimental Corneal Failure Due to Limbal Stem Cell Niche Damage

Producción CientíficaLimbal stem cells are responsible for the continuous renewal of the corneal epithelium. The destruction or dysfunction of these stem cells or their niche induces limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) leading to visual loss, chronic pain, and inflammation of the ocular surface. To restore the ocular surface in cases of bilateral LSCD, an extraocular source of stem cells is needed to avoid dependence on allogeneic limbal stem cells that are difficult to obtain, isolate, and culture. The aim of this work was to test the tolerance and the efficacy of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAT-MSCs) to regenerate the ocular surface in two experimental models of LSCD that closely resemble the different severity grades of the human pathology. hAT-MSCs transplanted to the ocular surface of the partial and total LSCD models developed in rabbits were well tolerated, migrated to inflamed tissues, reduced inflammation, and restrained the evolution of corneal neovascularization and corneal opacity. The expression profile of the corneal epithelial cell markers CK3 and E-cadherin, and the limbal epithelial cell markers CK15 and p63 was lost in the LSCD models, but was partially recovered after hAT-MSC transplantation. For the first time, we demonstrated that hAT-MSCs improves corneal and limbal epithelial phenotypes in animal LSCD models. These results support the potential use of hAT-MSCs as a novel treatment of ocular surface failure due to LSCD. hAT-MSCs represent an available, non-immunogenic source of stem cells that may provide therapeutic benefits in addition to reduce health care expenses.This work was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CIBER‐BBN, Spain (CB06/01/003 MINECO/FEDER, EU); Regional Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Castilla y León, Spain; Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (SAF2010–14900); Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and European Regional Development Fund, Spain (SAF2015–63594‐R MINECO/FEDER, EU

Un programa de TV local: una apuesta real por el modelo de la Triple Hélice

El presente trabajo traslada la experiencia derivada de la participación de profesores universitarios en un programa de televisión, creado y financiado a través de un ayuntamiento local. El programa, destinado a orientar y guiar a emprendedores que se encuentran atravesando situaciones complejas, apuesta por el modelo de la triple hélice Universidad-Empresa-Gobierno.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Manual explicativo de la metodología scrum para la asignatura "Creación de Empresas"

Contiene manual explicativo de la metodología scrum para la asignatura "Creación de Empresas

El Método Puzzle como técnica para el aprendizaje cooperativo de los mapas estratégicos: una experiencia en la asignatura “Administración de Organizaciones”

El aprendizaje cooperativo se presenta como una metodología en la que el alumno forma parte activa del proceso de aprendizaje. Entre las distintas técnicas más utilizadas para su puesta en marcha destaca el método del puzzle, basado en una estructura de trabajo colaborativo, que divide y distribuye el material a aprender en partes razonablemente independientes entre los integrantes de un equipo de trabajo de tamaño reducido. Esta comunicación describe la experiencia llevada a cabo con alumnos de la asignatura de “Administración de Organizaciones” del “Grado en Marketing e Investigación de Mercados” de la Universidad de Málaga, quiénes han aprendido, a través de la técnica del puzzle, la aplicación y utilidad de los mapas estratégicos, herramienta por excelencia de planificación empresarial. Los resultados alcanzados han sido muy positivos, tanto en términos de adquisición de competencias básicas de la asignatura como de competencias transversales de carácter individual y grupal.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

¿Qué comportamientos directivos de los chefs convierten a la alta cocina española en un paradigma de innovación?

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal proponer un perfil directivo actitudinal facilitador de la capacidad para innovar de la organización y comparar dicho perfil con los comportamientos que efectivamente realizan los directivos para generar capacidad para innovar en sus equipos de trabajo. Para cumplir estos objetivos, el marco elegido ha sido la alta cocina y, más concretamente, los restaurantes españoles galardonados con estrellas Michelín. La recopilación de información se ha llevado a cabo mediante el envío de un cuestionario web enviado a sus chefs como directivos de sus equipos. Los resultados obtenidos confirman que el grado de ajuste con el perfil propuesto es excelente. Además, arrojan información acerca de cuáles son los comportamientos más valorados por los chefs de la alta cocina española, destacando, entre otros, el aprendizaje, el detalle, la puntualidad, la autonomía y la constancia.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech