Ultrastructural characteristics of nurse cell-larva complex of four species of

The nurse cell-larva complex of nematodes of the genus Trichinella plays an Important role in the survival of the larva in decaying muscles, frequently favouring the transmission of the parasite in extreme environmental conditions. The ultrastructure of the nurse cell-larva complex in muscles from different hosts infected with T. nativa (a walrus and a polar bear), T. spiralis (horses and humans), T. pseudospiralis (a laboratory mouse) and T. papuae (a laboratory mouse) were examined. Analysis with transmission electron microscope showed that the typical nurse cell structure was present in all examined samples, irrespective of the species of larva, of the presence of a collagen capsule, of the age of infection and of the host species, suggesting that there exists a molecular mechanism that in the first stage of larva invasion is similar for encapsulated and non-encapsulated species

Ultrastructural characteristics of nurse cell-larva complex of four species of Trichinella in several hosts

The nurse cell-larva complex of nematodes of the genus Trichinella plays an Important role in the survival of the larva in decaying muscles, frequently favouring the transmission of the parasite in extreme environmental conditions. The ultrastructure of the nurse cell-larva complex in muscles from different hosts infected with T. nativa (a walrus and a polar bear), T. spiralis (horses and humans), T. pseudospiralis (a laboratory mouse) and T. papuae (a laboratory mouse) were examined. Analysis with transmission electron microscope showed that the typical nurse cell structure was present in all examined samples, irrespective of the species of larva, of the presence of a collagen capsule, of the age of infection and of the host species, suggesting that there exists a molecular mechanism that in the first stage of larva invasion is similar for encapsulated and non-encapsulated species

International commission on trichinellosis : recommendations on the use of serological tests for the detection of Trichinella infection in animals and man

The use of serological tests to detect Trichinella infection in domestic and wild animals and in humans has not been standardised yet. This review provides an uniform set of recommendations for the development and use of serological tests to detect circulating antibodies in serum samples. The recommendations are based on the best scientific published information and on the unpublished data from laboratories with a great expertise in this field and represent the official position of the International Commission on Trichinellosis regarding acceptable methods and the evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity. These recommendations are subject to change as new scientific information becomes available

International commission on trichinellosis : recommendations on the use of serological tests for the detection of

The use of serological tests to detect Trichinella infection in domestic and wild animals and in humans has not been standardised yet. This review provides an uniform set of recommendations for the development and use of serological tests to detect circulating antibodies in serum samples. The recommendations are based on the best scientific published information and on the unpublished data from laboratories with a great expertise in this field and represent the official position of the International Commission on Trichinellosis regarding acceptable methods and the evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity. These recommendations are subject to change as new scientific information becomes available

Tabletop computer game mechanics for group rehabilitation of individuals with brain injury

In this paper we provide a rationale for using tabletop displays for the upper-limb movement rehabilitation of individuals with brain injury. We consider how computer game mechanics may leverage this technology to increase patient engagement and social interaction, and subsequently enhance prescribed training. In recent years there has been a growing interest among health professionals in the use of computer games and interactive technology for rehabilitation. Research indicates that games have the potential to stimulate a high level of interest and enjoyment in patients; enhance learning; provide safe task conditions; complement conventional therapy; and become intrinsically motivating. We explore how game mechanics that include reward structures, game challenges and augmented audiovisual feedback may enhance a goal-orientated rehabilitation learning space for individuals with brain injury. We pay particular attention to game design elements that support multiple players and show how these might be designed for interactive tabletop display systems in group rehabilitation

Miosite eosinofílica em bovinos abatidos para consumo humano

Miosite eosinofílica é uma condição inflamatória relativamente rara que afeta os músculos estriados de bovinos e ovinos. A lesão é usualmente associada a cistos degenerados de Sarcocystis spp., principalmente S. cruzi embora esse protozoário ocorra associado às miofibras de praticamente qualquer bovino, sem provocar, na grande maioria das vezes, reação inflamatória. Esse artigo relata os achados macro e microscópicos da miosite eosinofílica em três bovinos abatidos para produção de carne para consumo humano. Macroscopicamente, as lesões consistiam de manchas ou linhas amarelo-pálidas, ocasionalmente esverdeadas, de 2-6mm no miocárdio de três bovinos e no músculo masseter de um deles. Microscopicamente, as lesões consistiam de acúmulos inflamatórios granulomatosos circundando um centro constituído por eosinófilos mortos e degenerados e ocasionais fragmentos de Sarcocystis sp. A imuno-histoquímica realizada no miocárdio de um dos bovinos com um anticorpo policlonal anti-Neospora caninum marcou cistos intactos em miofibras normais e fragmentos de cistos em meio a áreas de intensa reação inflamatória. Esse último achado corrobora a opinião dos que apontam Sarcocystis sp. como tendo participação na causa da miosite eosinofílica