Dual Image Watermarking Scheme based on DWT-SVD

The active development of internet, advance smart hand held devices and multimedia technologies have made it possible to easily create, copy, transmit, and distribute multimedia data instantly. Besides all of these advantages, there are many undesired issues including the piracy of digital data. It creates as issue like protection rights of the content and ownership. This concern has drawn the attention of the researchers toward the development of multimedia protection schemes using digital watermark. In this paper, a new image watermarking algorithm is presented which is robust against various attacks. DWT and SVD have been used to embed two watermarks in the HL and LH bands of the host image. Simulation evaluation demonstrates that the proposed technique withstand various attacks

Cervicofacial actinomycosis with chronic parotid sialadenitis-mimicking malignant neoplasm of parotid gland: a rare case

Cervicofacial actinomycosis is an uncommon disease caused by Actinomycosis israelii. Chronic ‘sialadenitis’ of parotid gland is an insidious inflammatory disorder and may form a fibrous mass. We report a case of 55 years old female presenting with mass in right parotid region-on imaging-malignant neoplasm of parotid gland. But on histopathology-actinomycosis and chronic parotid sialadenitis.

Fea Based Study of Effect of Radial Variation of Outer Link in A Typical Roller Chain Link Assembly

Chain Link assembly is extensively used in the industry, the scope of this paper is to review the applications in the industry and explore the design considerations that go into the design of the assembly. The paper delves into various application aspects and manufacturing aspects to formulate an idea of the system. Finally Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has been used to conduct shape optimization. Since lot of work has already been done in other components, in this paper the focus has been narrowed down to specific component of outer link. Within the outer link, most dimensions in the industry are parametrically defined, however one dimension, the radius that is in between the inter connecting holes is left to manufacturer convenience. In this paper we assess the impact of this radius on the stress in the system, and see if material saving and consequently efficiency increment is possible

Rapunzel syndrome and gastric Peutz Jeghers (hamartomatous) polyps: case report

Rapunzel syndrome is an extremely rare complication of a trichobezoar. These females have a history of trichophagia and trichotillomania. Peutz Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an uncommon autosomal dominant syndrome with a variable to high penetrance that leads to the development of the polyps within the gastrointestinal mucosa. This case report of a 25-year-old deaf and dumb female presented with pain and lump in upper abdomen, vomiting, nausea, loss of appetite, loss of weight. An exploratory laparotomy with anterior gastrotomy was performed and a giant trichobezoar with tail extending into the duodenum was removed. There were multiple polyps in the lower stomach excised. Histopathology reports showed Peutz Jeghers (hamartomatous polyps). She recovered well and was discharged on the 10th day. Patient was advised regular follow up

Evolution of interdisciplinarity in biodiversity science

The study of biodiversity has grown exponentially in the last thirty years in response to demands for greater understanding of the function and importance of Earth's biodiversity and finding solutions to conserve it. Here, we test the hypothesis that biodiversity science has become more interdisciplinary over time. To do so, we analyze 97,945 peer‐reviewed articles over a twenty‐two‐year time period (1990–2012) with a continuous time dynamic model, which classifies articles into concepts (i.e., topics and ideas) based on word co‐occurrences. Using the model output, we then quantify different aspects of interdisciplinarity: concept diversity, that is, the diversity of topics and ideas across subdisciplines in biodiversity science, subdiscipline diversity, that is, the diversity of subdisciplines across concepts, and network structure, which captures interactions between concepts and subdisciplines. We found that, on average, concept and subdiscipline diversity in biodiversity science were either stable or declining, patterns which were driven by the persistence of rare concepts and subdisciplines and a decline in the diversity of common concepts and subdisciplines, respectively. Moreover, our results provide evidence that conceptual homogenization, that is, decreases in temporal β concept diversity, underlies the observed trends in interdisciplinarity. Together, our results reveal that biodiversity science is undergoing a dynamic phase as a scientific discipline that is consolidating around a core set of concepts. Our results suggest that progress toward addressing the biodiversity crisis via greater interdisciplinarity during the study period may have been slowed by extrinsic factors, such as the failure to invest in research spanning across concepts and disciplines. However, recent initiatives such as the Intergovernmental Science‐Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) may attract broader support for biodiversity‐related issues and hence interdisciplinary approaches to address scientific, political, and societal challenges in the coming years

Alterations in endogenous progesterone metabolism associated with spontaneous very preterm delivery

Study question: Do maternal serum levels of progesterone metabolites early in pregnancy correspond to an increased risk for very preterm delivery prior to 32 weeks? Summary answer: Maternal serum levels of 11-deoxycorticosterone (DOC) measured during the late first trimester or early second trimester correlate with an increased risk for preterm delivery prior to 32 weeks, and the correlation becomes stronger when the ratio of DOC to 16-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone was measured. What is known already: Progesterone is a pro-gestational steroid hormone that has been shown to decrease the risk of preterm birth in some pregnant women. Progesterone is metabolized by the body into various metabolites including members of the mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid families. Our group has previously demonstrated that some progesterone metabolites enhance myometrial contractility in an ex vivo system, while others result in myometrial relaxation. The current exploratory study was designed to determine if pre-specified metabolites of progesterone measured early in pregnancy were associated with a woman's risk for delivery prior to 32 weeks, which is referred to as a very preterm delivery. Study design size duration: The Building Blocks of Pregnancy Biobank (BBPB) is a biorepository at Indiana University (IU) that follows women prospectively through their pregnancy. A variety of biospecimens are collected at various time points during a woman's pregnancy. Women participating in the IU BBPB who were enrolled after 8 weeks' gestation with pregnancy outcome data were eligible for participation. Participants/materials setting methods: Women delivering prior to 37 weeks (preterm) and at or after 37 weeks (term) who had blood samples collected during the late first trimester/early second trimester and/or during the early third trimester were identified. These samples were then processed for mass spectroscopy, and the amount of progesterone and progesterone metabolites in the samples were measured. Mean values of each measured steroid metabolite were calculated and compared among women delivering at less than 32 weeks, less than 37 weeks and greater than or equal to 37 weeks. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed and threshold levels determined for each compound to identify a level above or below which best predicted a woman's risk for delivery prior to 32 and prior to 37 weeks. Mann-Whitney U nonparametric testing with Holm-Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons was utilized to identify steroid ratios that could differentiate women delivering spontaneously at less than 32 weeks from all other pregnancies. Main results and the role of chance: Steroid hormone levels and pregnancy outcome data were available for 93 women; 28 delivering prior to 32 weeks, 40 delivering between 32 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks and 25 delivering at or greater than 37 weeks: the mean gestational age at delivery within the three groups was 27.0, 34.4 and 38.8 weeks, respectively. Among women delivering spontaneously at less than 37 weeks, maternal 11-deoxycorticosterone (DOC) levels drawn in the late first trimester/early second trimester were significantly associated with spontaneous preterm delivery prior to 32 weeks; a threshold level of 47.5 pg/ml had 78% sensitivity, 73% specificity and an AUC of 0.77 (P = 0.044). When DOC levels were analyzed as a ratio with other measured steroid hormones, the ratio of DOC to 16-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone among women delivering spontaneously prior to 37 weeks was able to significantly discriminate women delivering prior to 32 weeks from those delivering at or greater than 32 weeks, with a threshold value of 0.2 with 89% sensitivity, 91% specificity and an AUC of 0.92 (P = 0.002). When the entire study cohort population was considered, including women delivering at term and women having an iatrogenic preterm delivery, the ratio of DOC to 16-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone was able to discriminate women delivering spontaneously prior to 32 weeks from the rest of the population at a threshold of 0.18 and 89% sensitivity, 59% specificity and an AUC of 0.81 (P = 0.003). Limitations reasons for caution: This is a discovery study, and the findings have not been validated on an independent cohort. To mitigate issues with multiple comparisons, we limited our study to pre-specified metabolites that are most representative of the major metabolic pathways for progesterone, and adjustments for multiple comparisons were made. Wider implications of the findings: Spontaneous preterm birth is increasingly being recognized to represent a common end pathway for a number of different disease phenotypes that include infection, inflammation, premature rupture of the membranes, uterine over distension, cervical insufficiency, placental dysfunction and genetic predisposition. In addition to these phenotypes, longitudinal changes in the maternal-fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis also likely contribute to a significant proportion of the disease burden of spontaneous preterm birth. Here, we demonstrate that differential production of steroid metabolites is associated with very early preterm birth. The identified biomarkers may hint at a pathophysiologic mechanism and changes in the maternal-fetal dyad that result in preterm delivery. The early identification of abnormal changes in HPA axis metabolites may allow for targeted interventions that reverse the aberrant steroid metabolic profile to a more favorable one, thereby decreasing the risk for early delivery. Further research is therefore required to validate and extend the results presented here. Study funding/competing interests: Funding for this study was provided from the Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research at IUPUI, 'Funding Opportunities for Research Commercialization and Economic Success (FORCES) grant'.Both A.S.P. and C.A.G. are affiliated with Nixxi, a biotech startup. The remaining authors report no conflict of interest

Fea Based Study of Effect of Radial Variation of Outer Link in A Typical Roller Chain Link Assembly

Abstract -Chain Link assembly is extensively used in the industry, the scope of this paper is to review the applications in the industry and explore the design considerations that go into the design of the assembly. The paper delves into various application aspects and manufacturing aspects to formulate an idea of the system. Finally Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has been used to conduct shape optimization. Since lot of work has already been done in other components, in this paper the focus has been narrowed down to specific component of outer link. Within the outer link, most dimensions in the industry are parametrically defined, however one dimension, the radius that is in between the inter connecting holes is left to manufacturer convenience. In this paper we assess the impact of this radius on the stress in the system, and see if material saving and consequently efficiency increment is possible

Efficient Deep-Web-Harvesting Using Advanced Crawler

Due to heavy usage of internet large amount of diverse data is spread over it which provides access to particular data or to search most relevant data. It is very challenging for search engine to fetch relevant data as per user’s need and which consumes more time. So, to reduce large amount of time spend on searching most relevant data we proposed the “Advanced crawler”. In this proposed approach, results collected from different web search engines to achieve meta search approach. Multiple search engine for the user query and aggregate those result in one single space and then performing two stages crawling on that data or Urls. In which the sight locating and in-site exploring is done f or achieving most relevant site with the help of page ranking and reverse searching techniques. This system also works online and offline manner

Energy-absorption buildup factors and specific absorbed fractions of energy for bioactive glasses

In the present work, effective atomic numbers Zeff, energy-absorption buildup factors EABF and specific absorbed fractions of energy (Φ) for different bioactive glasses have been calculated in the present work. Geometric-Progression (G-P) fitting method was used for computation of EABF. The computed EABF is used to estimate the values of Φ. It is shown that the EABF and Φ are dependent on Zeff and mean free path. In addition, EABF and Φ were the largest for S4 and S7.The results in this work could be useful in choosing a suitable type of these glasses which in turn are able to resist possible radiation damages at human body and to determine the thickness and shape of the bioactive glasses needed

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF RAPIDLY DIS INTEGRATING FILM OF AMLODIPINE BES YLATE

Fast-dissolving drug-delivery systems were first developed in the late 1970s as an alternative to tablets, capsules, and syrups. Fast dissolving oral films (FDOFs) are the most advanced form of  oral solid dosage form due to more flexibility and comfort. It improve the efficacy of APIs by dissolving within minute in oral cavity after the contact with less saliva as compared to fast dissolving tablets, without chewing and no need of water for admin istration. The FDOFs place as an alternative in the market due to the consumer’s preference for a fast dissolving product over conventional tablets / capsules. The oral thin-film technology is still in the beginning stages and has bright future ahead because it fulfils all the need of patients. Eventually, film formulations having drug/s will be commercially launched using the oral film technology. In the present study fast dissolving film of  Amlodipine Besylate was prepared using sodium alginate as film forming polymer. To decrease the disintegration time of formulationssodium starch glycolate was used as disintegrating agent. A full 32factorial design was applied using concentration of polymer and disintegrant as independent variable and disintegration time and % cumulative drug release as dependent variable. Response surface curves were plotted. Batch F6 was found to be the optimized batch as its disintegration was completed within the minimum time as compared to all other batches. The formulation (F6) was also showing sufficient drug release after 6 min. All the nine formulation was showing approximately 70-85% drug release after 6 mi