Intrauterine unilateral single inferior accessory renal artery: a case report

In comparison with other organs, variants of blood supply to the kidneys were always at special attention due to end arteries. Anatomic variations in the renal vasculature are common and occurrence is varying in between 25% to 40%. The most common variation is presence of accessory renal arteries. Accessory renal artery generally diagnosed on abdomen angiography studies or cadaveric dissection. Only few studies or case report of intrauterine detection of accessory renal artery are available in printed and online literature. During a dedicated anomaly scan of 23 week foetus, detection of an accessory renal artery on left side entering kidney in inferior pole courses parallel to main renal arteries and arising from abdominal aorta. Knowledge of the possible anatomic variations and anomalies of the renal arteries like accessory renal arteries are necessary for proper surgical management during renal transplantation, abdominal aorta aneurysm repair, different urological procedures and angiographic procedures. As the various type of vascular and non - vascular interventions increase, knowledge of the different type of variations of the renal arteries is necessary for proper surgical management in the different specialties

To evaluate diagnostic efficacy of maternal serum C - reactive protein to predict preterm labour

Background: Preterm birth is a major challenges faced by obstetricians worldwide. Globally, an estimated 13 million babies are born before 37 completed weeks of gestation annually. Preterm birth is the leading direct cause of neonatal death (27%); more than one million preterm newborns die annually. According to report ‘India is among the top 10 countries that account for 60 per cent of the world’s preterm births. Methods to detect preterm labour early include ultrasound examination of the cervix and detection of biochemical markers of preterm labour in blood (include serum C - reactive protein level) and cervicovaginal secretions. The objective of the study was evaluate diagnostic efficacy of maternal serum C - reactive protein (CRP) to predict preterm labour.Methods: A prospective study comprised of a total of 132 pregnant women with singleton fetus with symptoms of preterm labour. Serum CRP values was taken in all patients. Out of which 17 patients were lost during follow up, 3 patients develop PPROM. Hence study was conducted over 112 patients. Among these 62 patients went in preterm labour and 50 patients delivered at term.Results: For predicting preterm delivery sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value for serum CRP were 70.9%, 70%, 74.5% and 66% respectively.Conclusions: Serum CRP is good predictor to differentiate the women who were likely to deliver preterm. CRP positivity in early pregnancy is associated with nearly a twofold increased risk of preterm delivery

Pregnancy outcome in women with heart disease at a tertiary referral teaching center in Northern India

Background: Pregnancy causes a significant burden on cardiovascular system due to hemodynamic changes therefore a diseased heart may not be able to adjust with extra load resulting in heart failure and even maternal mortality.Methods: A prospective study was done in 50 women with heart disease over a period of 12 months from 2010 to 2011 at G.S.V.M. Medical College, Kanpur. At the first antenatal visit baseline data is recorded included age, parity, gestational age, NYHA class, co-morbid conditions, prior cardiac events, cardiac lesion (if already diagnosed), prior surgery/interventions, cyanosis and medications. A thorough clinical examination and investigations were done.Results: Maximum numbers of patients (56%) were in the age group 20-24 years. 52 % of patients were primigravida and 48 % of patients were multigravida. Maximum numbers of patients (76.67%) were in the lower socioeconomic group. Chronic rheumatic heart disease (84%) was the most common type of heart disease followed by congenital cardiac disease (14%). Heart disease if diagnosed preconceptionally or during earlier period of gestation both maternal (8.9%) and foetal complications (22.8%) are lesser as compared to patients in whom diagnosis was made late. There is also the significant difference with majority of the foetal complications in group IV (80%) (preterm birth, IUGR and perinatal mortality) as compared to group I (14.2%).Conclusions: Maternal and perinatal outcome in women with heart disease depends mainly on the functional cardiac status during pregnancy, the risk being greater in NYHA III and IV. Our study shows that surgical intervention or medical management in pregnancy improves the functional class and also improves the maternal and fetal outcomes. Interventions can only be successfully done either before pregnancy or during 2nd trimester. When patients were diagnosed before pregnancy we have enough time for counseling and treatment. Counseling further increase the compliance and acceptance for medical and surgical interventions

Phytochemical and Pharmacological potential of Flemingia Roxb. ex W.T.Aiton (Fabaceae)

The Flemingia genus is an important source of medicinal natural products, particularly Flavonoids and steroids. The collected information is an attempt to cover the more recent developments in the ethnobotany, pharmacology and phytochemistry of this genus. The review includes 39 references on the genus Flemingia, and comprises ethnopharmacology, morphology, phytoconstituents, pharmacological reports, clinical study and adverse effects of the prominent species of Flemingia. A few species of this genus have medicinal value, among these, F.strobilifera ,F.macrophylla, F.chappar (Fabaceae) have been traditionally used in the treatment of epilepsy, insomnia, ulcer, pain ,swelling. Despite a long tradition of use of some species, the genus has not been explored properly. In the concluding part, the future scope of Flemingia species has been emphasized with a view to establish their multifarious biological activities and mode of action. The information summarized here is intended to serve as a reference tool to practitioners in the fields of ethnopharmacology and natural products chemistry. Key words: Flemingia strobilifera, F. macrophylla, F.chappar, Fabaceae, Flavonoid

ASSESSMENT OF ANTIDIABETIC POTENCIAL OF LEUCAS CEPHALOTES SPRENG EXTRACT IN ALLOXAN INDUCED LABORATORY ANIMALS

The objective of this study is to investigate the alcoholic extract of Leucas cephalotes for antidiabetic effects in laboratory animals. Diabetes was induced in rats by administration of alloxan (120 mg/kg body wt.). In normal rats, alcoholic extract had significantly decrease the blood glucose level (BGL) in a dose-dependent fashion after repeated administration of alcoholic extract for 7 days. In alloxan-induced diabetic rats, the extract decreased the BGL with significant improvement in glucose tolerance and body weight at the end of I, II and III week after alcoholic extract treatment. These results suggest that alcoholic extract is having potent antidiabetic activity in comparison with normal as well in diabetic rats. Keywords: Leucas cephalotes, Anti-diabetic activity, Blood glucose leve

STUDIES ON ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF BAUHINIA VAHLII STEM EXTRACTS

The antimicrobial potential of ethanolic extract (EE) and aqueous extract (AE) of stem of Bauhinia vahlii were evaluated in vitro against some specific bacterial and fungal species employing well diffusion method and serial dilution methods. The patterns of inhibition varied with the stem of Bauhinia vahlii extracts, the solvent used for extraction and the organisms tested. The strains used included Staphylcoccus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, (reference strain) and two fungal strains including (Candida albican and Aspergillus niger) were used for antimicrobial activity assessment. The EE of stem showed a relatively potent antimicrobial activity than the AE. Further studies are to be carried out to find out the chemical composition of the plant extracts. Keywords: Bauhinia vahlii, Staphylcoccus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Salmonella typhi

Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of Flemingia strobilifera (Linn)

ABSTRACT Alcoholic and aqueous extracts of roots of Flemingia strobilifera were evaluated for Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic activities. The result revealed that the both alcoholic and aqueous extract produced significant antiinflammatory and Analgesic activities. Indomethacin and Diclofenec sodium were used as standard drug for antiinflammatory and analgesic activities respectively

Urinary Bladder Calculus as a Rare Cause of Obstructed Labour: A Series of Three Rare Cases

Obstructed labour by large urinary bladder stones is one of the rare complications. Very small number of cases have been described in available literature. The diagnosis is generally based on the history of patient, their clinical evaluation and ultrasonography scans during pregnancy. Majority of antenatal cases in rural areas come first time in Primary Healthcare Centre (PHC) with labour pain and usually without any previous ultrasound scans. These cases are referred to higher centres due to prolonged obstructed labour. Although rare, but one should consider a large urinary bladder calculus as a cause of obstructed labour as early diagnosis and timely management of urinary bladder stones can prevent various complications like mechanical dystocia and Vesico-vaginal Fistula (VVF). Here, authors reported three cases of a large urinary bladder calculus causing obstructed labour. Caesarean section was done for obstructed labour and cystolithotomy was performed simultaneously in all three cases

SOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND DOCKING STUDIES OF ISOLATED COMPOUNDS AS ANTIDIABETIC MOLECULES FROM CRESSA CRETICA: -

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the diabetic effect of phytocompounds isolated from Cressa cretica Linn. using spectroscopic analysis and molecular docking studies. Methods: Coarse powder of the whole plant of C. cretica was extracted with methanol, extracted part was subjected to silica column isolation, and two compounds: 2-Isopropyl-4-(1-methyl-dodeca-2,4-dienyloxy)-benzene-1,3,5-triol (Compound CN-01) and 11-Methyl-dodeca-2,4,6,8,10-pentenoic acid 2,3-dihydroxy-5-methyl-phenyl ester (Compound CN-02) were isolated in pure form. The three-dimensional structure of target protein was downloaded from PDB (www.rcsb.org) Protein Data Bank, Ligand file CN – 01 and CN – 02 were converted to MDL Molfile (V2000) format using ChemSketch 2017.2.1. These files could not be used directly in AutoDock 4.0 tools; thus, they were first converted to PDB files using an open babel tool. Results: Compounds were revealed through spectroscopic analysis and screened using AutoDock 4.0 tools. Docking study recommended that CN – 01 and CN – 02 an existing phytochemical from the plant of C. cretica had the highest fitness docking score and hence could be a potent antidiabetic drug. Conclusion: In this investigation, we docked the receptor (glycogen phosphorylase protein) holds a promising lead target formation against diabetes based on molecular docking analysis (minimum hydrogen bond length and maximum docked score). Thus, these compounds can be effectively used as drugs for treating diabetes which is predicted on the basis of docking scores