Variation in Sensitivity of Different Grapevine Genotypes to Erysiphe necator Growing under Unfavourable Climatic Conditions

This paper reports the susceptibility to powdery mildew of 41 grapevine genotypes growing in the north and northwest of Spain over a three-year period. Although the humid climate of these vine-growing areas is not particularly favourable to the development of this disease, serious damages appears in some years when dry weather alternates with times of some rain. All the examined genotypes belonged to the collection of the Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC) (Pontevedra, Galicia, Spain). The incidence and severity of powdery mildew were determined on leaves three weeks after the onset of flowering and on clusters at harvest. The values for both variables were smaller than those recorded for other fungal diseases, although great differences in susceptibility between the different genotypes were observed. The most susceptible was Castañal (recently included in the Spanish Registry of Commercial Varieties), a genotype native to the O Rosal subzone of the Rias Baixas denomination of origin area. The present results could help viticulturalists grow different grapevine genotypes more successfully in regions with climatic conditions similar to those where the study was undertaken

La caracterización molecular y ampelográfica de clones de "Albariño", "Savagnin Blanc" y "Caíño Blanco" (Vitis vinifera L.) demuestra que son cultivares diferentes

The grapevine cultivar "Albariño" is one of the oldest grown in the vine-growing areas of North-Western Spain and Northern Portugal. Since recognition of Origin Denomination status for the Rías Baixas region (the coast of Western Galicia, Spain) in 1987, the economic importance of this cultivar has increased, and its grapes are now among the most expensive in Spain. The area occupied by "Albariño" vines in this region is increasing every year, and the wines made from its grapes are gaining international recognition. These events, plus the fact that "Albariño" was little known outside its traditional growing area, have led to speculation about its origin and the existence of synonyms. Misnames of "Albariño" have included "Savagnin Blanc" and "Caíño Blanco". The present work compares "Albariño", "Savagnin Blanc" and "Caíño Blanco" ampelographically (i.e., it compares shoot, leaf, grape cluster, berry and seed characteristics) and molecularly using microsatellite markers. The results show that they are in fact three different cultivars providing a complete description. For "Caíño Blanco", there is little previously reported information.El "Albariño" es uno de los cultivares más antiguos de la zona vitícola del Noroeste de España y norte de Portugal. Desde la aprobación en el año 1987 de la Denominación de Origen Rías Baixas, este cultivar es el de mayor valor económico de esta zona vitícola, y su uva alcanza uno de los precios más elevados de España. Su superficie de cultivo, dentro de esta Denominación de Origen, se multiplica año tras año, y sus vinos adquieren fama internacional. Todo ello, unido a que era un cultivar poco conocido fuera de esta pequeña zona vitícola española, ha llevado a la aparición en los últimos años de diversas especulaciones sobre su origen, y a la atribución de diferentes sinonimias. Entre los nombres erróneamente atribuidos al "Albariño" se encuentran "Savagnin Blanc" y "Caíño Blanco". En el presente trabajo se hace un estudio comparativo de los tres cultivares a nivel ampelográfico (brote, hoja, racimo, baya, semilla) y a nivel molecular por medio de marcadores microsatélite. Los resultados demuestran que "Albariño", "Savagnin Blanc" y "Caíño Blanco" son cultivares distintos, proporcionando una completa descripción de cada uno. De uno de ellos, "Caíño Blanco", existe muy poca información previa

Results of the 2004 Spanish Experimental Fishing in NAFO Subarea 1

An experimental fishing was carried out with three bottom trawlers commercial Spanish vessels from July to December of the year 2004 in the Subarea 1. The main objective of the experimental fishing was to search for cephalopods species concentrations inside the territorial waters of Greenland. During the experimental fishing a scientific observer stayed on board each vessel to collect effort data, catches and yields by haul and Division. The observers carried out length distribution samplings of the following species: Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, Pandalus borealis, Gadus morhua, Sebastes spp., Hippoglossoides platessoides and Macrourus berglax. Biological samplings of R. hippoglossoides, P. borealis, H. platessoides, G. morhua and M. berglax were also carried out. Otoliths of Greenland halibut (1 356) and Atlantic cod (739) were collected for age determination. Greenland halibut was the main species caught and the cephalopods, target species, have not been found in the experimental fishing

Results of the 2004 Spanish Experimental Fishing in NAFO Subarea 1

An experimental fishing was carried out with three bottom trawlers commercial Spanish vessels from July to December of the year 2004 in the Subarea 1. The main objective of the experimental fishing was to search for cephalopods species concentrations inside the territorial waters of Greenland. During the experimental fishing a scientific observer stayed on board each vessel to collect effort data, catches and yields by haul and Division. The observers carried out length distribution samplings of the following species: Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, Pandalus borealis, Gadus morhua, Sebastes spp., Hippoglossoides platessoides and Macrourus berglax. Biological samplings of R. hippoglossoides, P. borealis, H. platessoides, G. morhua and M. berglax were also carried out. Otoliths of Greenland halibut (1 356) and Atlantic cod (739) were collected for age determination. Greenland halibut was the main species caught and the cephalopods, target species, have not been found in the experimental fishing

Seesaw tau lepton mass and calculable neutrino masses in a 3-3-1 model

In a version of the 3-3-1 model proposed by Duong and Ma the introduction of the scalar sextet for giving mass to the charged leptons is avoided by adding a singlet charged lepton. We show that in this case the $\tau$ lepton gains mass through a seesaw--like mechanism. Besides we show how to generate neutrino masses at the tree and at the 1-loop level with the respective Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata leptonic mixing matrices.Comment: revtex, 5 pages and one eps figure. Published versio

Influence of the oceanographic conditions during spring 2003 on the transport of the Prestige tanker fuel oil to the Galician coast

Hydrographic data collected during the cruise HIDROPRESTIGE were combined with meteorological and dynamic data provided by remote sensors and drifting/moored buoys, to describe the surface circulation of the Northern Iberian basin in March–April 2003. Sea surface winds transported the floating Prestige oil slicks from the sinking area to the continental slope off the Rías Baixas in 1/2 month: the surface current intensity was 2% of the wind intensity and it was rotated clockwise 5 from the wind direction. Mesoscale cyclonic and anticyclonic structures west of 10º W increased the residence time of oil patches in the Northern Iberian basin, as compared with the expected southwards flow of the Iberian current (IC). On the other hand, the Iberian poleward current (IPC) formed a marked surface front with coastal waters, preventing the entry of fuel oil into the rías. PAHs in the surface layer during the cruise were <0.5 ug L- 1, except in the Galicia bank ( 1 ug L- 1; where the Prestige tanker was still leaking) and the vicinity of Cape Fisterra ( 1.5 ug L -1; where the convergence front between the IPC and coastal waters vanished)

Refined Element Discontinuous Numerical Analysis of Dry-Contact Masonry Arches

The behavior of buried masonry arches is studied in this article using the Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (DDA), a numerical method that allows for the physical simulation of the intrinsic structure dis- continuities since it is based on contact and friction among pseudo-rigid blocks. Two types of arches (or vaults) are studied with a specially developed computer program, one of semicircular and another of ovoidal shape. The loads are self-weight, lateral filling, embankment thrusts and concentrated (through a short distribution) forces close to the peak. These loads are transformed into point forces applied to the center of gravity of each block with simple formulae from classical mechanics. Equilibrium is reached in the whole structure through contact forces calculated with a standard contact algorithm: penalty plus Coulomb friction. DDA-macroblocks composed of linked (through penalty contact springs) pseudo-rigid blocks are for- mulated. This linkage allows for the simulation of collapse by instability or by stress compressive failure more accurately than traditional DDA analyses, for instance funicular polygons. The numerical results are compared with those of the experiments taken from the literature with, for most cases, very good agreement given the uncertainties on geometry and material properties and given the intrinsic quality dispersion of masonry structures. Collapse loads as function of number of joints, safety factors and limit point forces from the numerical and experimental results are compared. The hinges that appear prior to collapse are also compared, obtaining again for most cases very good agreement.J.L. Perez-Aparicio, R. Bravo were partially supported by the MFOM I+D (2004/38), all authors by MICIIN #BIA-2008-00522 and the first also by Polytechnic University of Valencia under Grant PAID 05-10-2674.Pérez-Aparicio, JL.; Bravo, R.; Ortiz Rossini, P. (2013). Refined Element Discontinuous Numerical Analysis of Dry-Contact Masonry Arches. Engineering Structures. 48:578-587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.09.027S5785874

Spanish Research Report for 2018.

Spanish catch and effort information used in this Report is based on the preliminary logbook data contributed by the Spanish Administration. The logbooks information for 2018 was available haul by haul. Table 1 presents the preliminary Spanish catches by species and Division in 2018 in NAFO Regulatory Area. Total effort of the Spanish fleet in 2018 was 1,082 fishing days. In 2018, IEO scientific observers were on board 279 fishing days that it means 26 % of the Spanish total effort. All length, age and biological information presented in this paper is based on sampling carried out by IEO scientific observers. In 2018, 425 samples were taken with 44,499 individuals of different species examined (Table 2)

Spanish Research Report for 2019

Spanish catch and effort information used in this Report is based on the preliminary logbook data contributed by the Spanish Administration. The logbooks information for 2019 was available haul by haul. Table 1 presents the preliminary Spanish catches by species and Division in 2019 in NAFO Regulatory Area. Total effort of the Spanish fleet in 2019 was 1,272 fishing days. In 2019, IEO scientific observers were on board 257 fishing days that it means 20 % of the Spanish total effort. All length, age and biological information presented in this paper is based on sampling carried out by IEO scientific observers. In 2019, 376 samples were taken with 45,831 individuals of different species examined (Table 2)

LP-51: Determining of a broad range of organic chemicals in seminal plasma through an innovative LC-HRMS-based methodology suitable for target and non-target analysis

In recent years, there has been a growing concern about the impact of emerging pollutants on reproductive health and semen quality in healthy men. Most studies have focused on investigating the association between human semen quality and exposure to organic contaminants in blood or urine samples. However, there is a notable lack of effective methodologies for detecting a wide range of organic chemicals in semen. To address this gap, we have developed and validated a robust LC-HRMS methodology for semen analysis. This methodology is capable of determining over 2,000 chemicals in seminal plasma and is compatible with suspect and non-target strategies, making it valuable for studies on male fertility. To demonstrate the potential of this methodology in characterizing the chemical exposome in seminal plasma, we analyzed exogenous organic chemicals and associated metabolites, such as plastic additives, PFAS, flame retardants, surfactants, and insecticides, in ten samples obtained from the LED-FERTYL general population cohort based in Catalonia, Spain.Peer reviewe