The use of Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography for differentiating long-standing Central Retinal Artery Occlusion and Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy

Optic atrophy is the end result of both central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). The aim of the present study was to report on the efficacy of macular and optic nerve Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) in differentiating between these conditions

Measurement of Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Nonarteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Using Stratus Optical Coherence Tomography

Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is the result of acute perfusion insufficiency around the optic nerve head. Typically, the optic disc in NAION shows pallor of the rim and reduced visibility of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). The purpose of this study is to measure the peripapillary RNFL thickness using stratus OCT

Negative g-Force Ocular Trauma Caused by a Rapidly Spinning Carousel

We present a case of a 10-year-old boy who presented with bilateral diffuse subconjunctival hemorrhages after spinning rapidly on a carousel attached to an electrical scooter. We present his clinical course and discuss the physics and pathophysiology of this unique mechanism of ocular trauma

Visual outcome following bilateral non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Many patients who suffer unilateral non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) will eventually develop the same condition in their other eye, worrying them about losing vision in both eyes. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to determine whether it is possible to predict the visual outcome of the consecutive NAION event based on initial presentation and to compare mean visual loss of firstly versus secondly affected eyes. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published between January 1st 1966 and May 31st 2016 reporting on visual acuity and/or visual field loss of both affected eyes, measured either at presentation or follow-up following bilateral NAION. Results Ten studies were included in the meta- analysis of visual acuity, including 9 retrospective reports and one randomized clinical trial, and five retrospective studies were included in visual field meta-analysis. A significant correlation exists for visual acuity (R = 0.387, P < 0.001) in both eyes of the same patient following bilateral NAION, and also for visual field loss (R = 0.445, P < 0.001) in the two eyes. The calculated coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.149 for visual acuity, and 0.198 for visual field loss indicates that for any given individual suffering from unilateral NAION only 15% of visual acuity and 20% of visual field loss in the secondly affected eye can be explained by these outcomes in the first eye. In addition, there was no difference in mean visual outcome of the first versus second NAION events (standardized mean differences of visual acuity 0.008, P = 0.890; and visual field loss, −0.019, P = 0.819). Conclusion Even though a weak connection exists between visual outcome in both eyes following bilateral NAION it is still impossible to predict with certainty the visual outcome of a sequential contralateral NAION event based on the severity of visual loss in the first affected eye. Measures often taken after the first event are ineffective in improving the visual outcome of a second event should it occur

Bilateral Sequential NAION following Cataract Extraction: Case Report and Review of the Literature

We report a 64-year-old patient who developed nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in both eyes following cataract extraction. The cataract surgeries in both eyes were uneventful and performed within a year, and NAION occurred a few months postoperatively in both eyes. A review of the literature on this rare complication is provided. This case report serves to raise awareness among cataract surgeons about this potential complication associated with irreversible visual loss, and especially about its high risk of bilaterality

Bilateral Sequential NAION following Cataract Extraction: Case Report and Review of the Literature

We report a 64-year-old patient who developed nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in both eyes following cataract extraction. The cataract surgeries in both eyes were uneventful and performed within a year, and NAION occurred a few months postoperatively in both eyes. A review of the literature on this rare complication is provided. This case report serves to raise awareness among cataract surgeons about this potential complication associated with irreversible visual loss, and especially about its high risk of bilaterality

Indocyanine Green Assisted Removal of Orbital Lacrimal Duct Cysts in Children

Aim. To report on the use of indocyanine green (ICG) during surgical removal of pediatric orbital lacrimal duct cysts. Method. We conducted a retrospective review of our cases of surgical excision of orbital lacrimal duct cysts using intraoperative injection of indocyanine green (ICG), which was used following inadvertent cyst rupture and volume loss. The dye allowed complete cyst visualization and complete excision despite volume loss or cyst rupture. Results. The study included 6 children (3 boys, mean age of 4.2 ± 0.84 years, range 3–5 years). Mean follow-up period was 9.3 months. All cysts were located in the inferonasal quadrant of the orbit (4 in the right side). In all cases, ICG was injected into the cyst at the time of surgery following unintentional cyst rupture. After the dye injection, it was easy to identify the borders of the cyst, permitting complete cyst removal, without any intra- or postoperative complications. Pathological examination revealed that all cysts were of lacrimal duct origin. Conclusion. Intraoperative injection of ICG into orbital cysts in children can aid surgeons in identifying cyst borders following inadvertent rupture, allowing complete removal