Impacto do local dador de enxertos ósseos autólogos em Implantologia Uma revisão sistemática integrativa

Introdução: Os enxertos ósseos autólogos, considerados o Gold Standard na implantologia, envolvem a extração de uma porção de osso do paciente e o seu transplante para a área onde o osso necessita de ser regenerado ou adicionado. Este procedimento pode ser invasivo e envolver complicações e morbilidade importante. Então é importante avaliar a taxa de sobrevivência do implante, de acordo com o tipo osso dador para permitir ao médico-dentista escolher o enxerto mais adaptado ao seu paciente. Objetivo: Comparar a taxa de sobrevivência e a osseointegração dos implantes dentários em função dos locais dadores de enxertos de osso autólogo. Matérias e Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa no «PubMed», utilizando as seguintes palavras-chaves : “Autografts”, “Transplantation Autologous”, “Dental Implants”, “Dental Implants, Single-Tooth”, “Dental Implantation Endosseous”, and “Chin Bone”. Resultados: Foram assim selecionados 25 artigos considerados relevantes na base de dados Pubmed. Discussão: A osseointegração e sobrevivência de implantes dentários em enxertos ósseos autólogos depende de vários fatores, nomeadamente da qualidade e do tipo de osso, dos locais dadores (três locais extra-orais- a crista ilíaca, o perônio e a calote craniana, e dois locais intra-orais- o ramo mandibular e a sínfise mentoniana) e dos locais recetores do enxerto. Conclusão: Os locais extra-orais apresentem um risco de complicações e encargos para o paciente significativamente mais elevados, enquanto os locais intra-orais continuam a ser uma boa fonte de osso autógeno com baixa morbilidade do local dador, boa satisfação da parte do paciente e excelente sobrevivência dos implantes, mas com uma quantidade limitada de osso.Introduction: Autologous bone grafts, considered the Gold Standard in implantology, involve extracting a portion of bone from the patient and transplanting it to the area where the bone needs to be regenerated or added. This procedure can be invasive and involve complications and significant morbidity. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the implant survival rate according to the type of donor bone to allow the dentist to choose the most suitable graft for his patient. Objective: To compare the survival rate and osseointegration of dental implants according to the donor sites of autologous bone grafts. Materials and Methods: A PubMed search was performed using the following combination of keywords: “Autografts”, “Transplantation Autologous”, “Dental Implants”, “Dental Implants, Single-Tooth”, “Dental Implantation Endosseous”, and “Chin Bone”. Results: Twenty-five articles considered relevant were selected from the Pubmed database. Discussion: Osseointegration and survival of dental implants in autologous bone grafts depends on several factors, namely the quality and type of bone, donor sites (three extraoral sites, the iliac crest, fibula and calvaria, and two intraoral sites, the mandibular ramus and the symphysis mentonis) and graft-recipient sites. Conclusion: Extraoral sites have a significantly higher risk of complications and patient burden, whereas intraoral sites remain a good source of autogenous bone with low donor site morbidity, good patient satisfaction and excellent implant survival, but with a limited amount of bone

Pheng Sat Lao, Laotian National Anthem

An Albuquerque Laotian community song, sung during a program honoring the Virgin Mary in Albuquerque, November 21, 1981. The performers are Chinnavony on Khene, Somyen Saiyarath, Bouamy Phetdare, Manlika Lengsavath, Khantaly Sanoubane, with host Monica Gabou. Part of the James B. Wright Collection of Southwestern Native American, Hispanic and Asian American Music, Interviews and Literary Programs, 1973-1986, MSS 829 BC, Box 2, CD 49

Characterization and partial purification of prolactin binding protein in milk

International audienc

Cloning of rabbit prolactin cDNA and prolactin gene expression in the rabbit mammary gland

International audienc

Development of a constitutively active mutant form of the prolactin receptor, a member of the cytokine receptor family

International audienc

Time evolution of Foams made from Emulsions

Mixtures of foams and emulsions are found in many industrial products, where either they are purposefully created for reasons of function and texture or they are an unwanted side product due to the foaming of an emulsion during preparation or use. Interestingly, depending on the volume fractions of the components, type of surfactant and oil used emulsions can strongly increase the stability of foams or can act as anti-foams. Although some research has been conducted on emulsions as anti-foams[1], their use as stabilising agents for foaming has so far been much less explored[2]. In either case both the foam and the emulsion evolve with time, the bubble (drop) size increases and the fluids eventually phase separate. In mixtures the ageing of the emulsion will have an effect on the ageing of the foam and vice versa. We have studied a model foam-emulsion system using a single surfactant to stabilise both phases, thus changing from very unstable to long-lived foams. The time evolution of the systems has been followed using light scattering techniques, with particular emphasis on the highly stable foams. In such stable foams the emulsion droplets can get jammed inside the porous structure of the foam, thus making them interesting systems with which to study the effects of confinement on complex fluids

Driving gut microbiota enterotypes through host genetics

Abstract Background Population stratification based on interindividual variability in gut microbiota composition has revealed the existence of several ecotypes named enterotypes in humans and various animal species. Enterotypes are often associated with environmental factors including diet, but knowledge of the role of host genetics remains scarce. Moreover, enterotypes harbor functionalities likely associated with varying abilities and susceptibilities of their host. Previously, we showed that under controlled conditions, 60-day-old pig populations consistently split into two enterotypes with either Prevotella and Mitsuokella (PM enterotype) or Ruminococcus and Treponema (RT enterotype) as keystone taxa. Here, our aim was to rely on pig as a model to study the influence of host genetics to assemble enterotypes, and to provide clues on enterotype functional differences and their links with growth traits. Results We established two pig lines contrasted for abundances of the genera pairs specifying each enterotype at 60 days of age and assessed them for fecal microbiota composition and growth throughout three consecutive generations. Response to selection across three generations revealed, per line, an increase in the prevalence of the selected enterotype and in the average relative abundances of directly and indirectly selected bacterial genera. The PM enterotype was found less diverse than the RT enterotype but more efficient for piglet growth during the post-weaning period. Shotgun metagenomics revealed differentially abundant bacterial species between the two enterotypes. By using the KEGG Orthology database, we show that functions related to starch degradation and polysaccharide metabolism are enriched in the PM enterotype, whereas functions related to general nucleoside transport and peptide/nickel transport are enriched in the RT enterotype. Our results also suggest that the PM and RT enterotypes might differ in the metabolism of valine, leucin, and isoleucine, favoring their biosynthesis and degradation, respectively. Conclusion We experimentally demonstrated that enterotypes are functional ecosystems that can be selected as a whole by exerting pressure on the host genetics. We also highlight that holobionts should be considered as units of selection in breeding programs. These results pave the way for a holistic use of host genetics, microbiota diversity, and enterotype functionalities to understand holobiont shaping and adaptation. Video Abstrac