Primmorph cultures stimulated for 48 h with 10⁻⁶ M of <i>N</i>-3-oxododecanoyl-_L-homoserine (A) or not stimulated (B).

<p>Primmorph cultures stimulated for 48 h with 10⁻⁶ M of <i>N</i>-3-oxododecanoyl-_L-homoserine (A) or not stimulated (B).</p

Relative amounts of the α subunit of ATPase (ssu a ATPase), α actinin, α tubulin and protein spot 121 transcripts in <i>N</i>-3-oxododecanoyl-_L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C₁₂-HSL)-stimulated <i>Suberites domuncula</i> compared to the control.

<p>The mRNA levels in stimulated S. <i>domuncula</i> were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and compared to non-stimulated sponges. Reactions were performed in triplicate with three different specimens. Relative mRNA level values resulted from calculating values: values above and below 1 show a higher and a lower mRNA level in the presence of 10⁻⁶ M 3-oxo-C₁₂-HSL, respectively. Significant expression changes (p<0.05) in the presence of <i>N</i>-3-oxododecanoyl-_L-homoserine are pointed out by an asterisk.</p

2D electrophoretic profiling of <i>Suberites domuncula</i> primmorph extracts in response to 10⁻⁶ M of <i>N</i>-3-oxododecanoyl-_L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C₁₂-HSL).

<p>Images correspond to representative gels of a total 3-oxo-C₁₂-HSL-stimulated protein primmorph extract separated with a linear gradient pH 4–7 (A) or pH 5–8 (B), and of a membrane 3-oxo-C₁₂-HSL-stimulated protein primmorph extract separated with a linear gradient pH 5–8 (C). Spots with amounts significantly (p<0.05) changed are highlighted on the gels with white and black boxes for protein, the amount of which is significantly higher or lower in presence of 3-oxo-C₁₂-HSL, respectively. Enlargements of these spots are shown in D (left part: 3-oxo-C₁₂-HSL -treated sample; right part: untreated sample).</p

Relative amounts of transcripts for Toll-like receptor (TLR), Toll-like Receptor associated factor 6-like protein (TRAF 6), Macrophage-Expressed Gene protein (MPEG), caspase-like 3/7, BCl-2 homolog protein-1 (BHP-1) and BCl-2 homolog protein-2 (BHP-2) in <i>N</i>-3-oxododecanoyl-_L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C₁₂-HSL)-stimulated <i>Suberites domuncula</i> compared to control <i>S. domuncula</i>.

<p>The mRNA levels in 8 h-stimulated <i>S. domuncula</i> were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and compared to those in control sponges. Reactions were performed in triplicate with three different specimens. Relative mRNA level values resulted from calculating values: values above and below 1 show a higher and a lower mRNA level in the presence of 10⁻⁶ M 3-oxo-C₁₂-HSL, respectively. Significant expression changes (p<0.05) in the presence of <i>N</i>-3-oxododecanoyl-_L-homoserine are pointed out by an asterisk.</p

Primers used to quantify gene expression in <i>Suberites domuncula</i> using real-time PCR.

<p>Primers used to quantify gene expression in <i>Suberites domuncula</i> using real-time PCR.</p