Easing Embedding Learning by Comprehensive Transcription of Heterogeneous Information Networks

Heterogeneous information networks (HINs) are ubiquitous in real-world applications. In the meantime, network embedding has emerged as a convenient tool to mine and learn from networked data. As a result, it is of interest to develop HIN embedding methods. However, the heterogeneity in HINs introduces not only rich information but also potentially incompatible semantics, which poses special challenges to embedding learning in HINs. With the intention to preserve the rich yet potentially incompatible information in HIN embedding, we propose to study the problem of comprehensive transcription of heterogeneous information networks. The comprehensive transcription of HINs also provides an easy-to-use approach to unleash the power of HINs, since it requires no additional supervision, expertise, or feature engineering. To cope with the challenges in the comprehensive transcription of HINs, we propose the HEER algorithm, which embeds HINs via edge representations that are further coupled with properly-learned heterogeneous metrics. To corroborate the efficacy of HEER, we conducted experiments on two large-scale real-words datasets with an edge reconstruction task and multiple case studies. Experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed HEER model and the utility of edge representations and heterogeneous metrics. The code and data are available at https://github.com/GentleZhu/HEER.Comment: 10 pages. In Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, London, United Kingdom, ACM, 201

Carbon Nanotubes (2,5-Dihydroxybenzoyl Hydrazine) Derivative as pH Adjustable Enriching Reagent and Matrix for MALDI Analysis of Trace Peptides

A functionalized carbon nanotube (CNT), CNT 2,5-dihydroxybenzoyl hydrazine derivative, was synthesized and used as both pH adjustable enriching reagent and matrix in matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) analysis of trace peptides. The derivative reagent, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoyl hydrazine, introduced phenolic hydroxyl and phenyl groups to the surface of the CNT. The former group can provide adjustable surface charge and a source of protons for chemical ionization, and the latter helps to keep strong ultraviolet absorption for enhancing pulsed laser desorption and ionization. It was found that the functionalized CNT was less twisted in a basic condition (pH 10.5), which afforded an increased surface area to volume ratio for adsorption towards trace peptides. However, functionalized CNT becomes deposited in an acidic condition (pH 5) and can be isolated readily from the sample solutions once the nanoparticles have trapped the target analytes, thus providing a novel and convenient alternative method for quick isolation. Compared with the previously reported method on enriching analytes using the pristine CNT, it is observed that the detection limit for analytes can be greatly improved due to enhancing adsorption capacity of the functionalized CNT. Moreover, peptide mixture at concentration as low as 0.01 pg/μL still can be detected after enrichment mediated by the functionalized CNT, while it is difficult to be detected without enrichment at concentration 0.1 pg/μL using α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) as matrix. Therefore, high efficiency of adsorption and enrichment towards trace peptides can be achieved by adjusting pH value of the functionalized CNT dispersion

2-(1H-1,2,3-Benzotriazol-1-yl)-N′-(2-chloro­benzyl­idene)acetohydrazide

In the title compound, C15H12ClN5O, the mean planes of the benzotriazole and chloro­phenyl fragments form a dihedral angle of 70.8 (1)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into infinite chains along the a axis by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Weak inter­molecular C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds further link these chains into layers parallel to the ab plane. The crystal studied was a racemic twin

Expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor-C in human chronic periodontitis

AbstractBackground/purposeEvidence shows that there is a relationship between hypoxia and inflammatory response in periodontitis. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α is a major regulator of energy homeostasis and cellular adaptation to low oxygen stress. Although experimental results demonstrate an association between HIF-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C in tumor angiogenesis, the role of HIF-1α and VEGF-C in the pathogenesis of periodontitis is still ambiguous. So far, limited attention has been given to the role of hypoxia and VEGF-C in periodontitis. The present study aimed to investigate the expression and distribution of HIF-1α and VEGF-C in gingival tissue samples from patients with different stages of chronic periodontitis and healthy individuals.Materials and methodsA total of 56 samples were involved in this study, including moderate chronic periodontitis (n = 20), advanced chronic periodontitis (n = 20), and healthy control tissues (n = 16). The gingival specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathology. The expression of HIF-1α and VEGF-C in gingival tissues was detected by immunohistochemical staining.ResultsHIF-1α and VEGF-C were found in gingival tissues from patients with different stages of chronic periodontitis as well as healthy control tissues. HIF-1α protein was expressed mainly in the epithelial layer of gingival tissues, and VEGF-C protein was mostly located in the connective tissue papilla of gingival tissues. Compared with healthy controls, the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF-C in chronic periodontitis groups was significantly higher (P < 0.01), and the density of HIF-1α and VEGF-C in advanced chronic periodontitis group was even significantly higher than that in the moderate chronic periodontitis group (P < 0.01).ConclusionOur results suggest that the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF-C increased with severity of periodontitis. So, we conclude that HIF-1α may play an important role in the pathophysiology of human periodontitis and may be related to the function of VEGF-C during periodontitis

Experimental Study of Closed System in the Chlorine Dioxide-Iodide-Sulfuric Acid Reaction by UV-Vis Spectrophotometric Method

The mole ratio r(r = [I−]0/[ClO2]0) has great influence on ClO2-I−-H2SO4 closed reaction system. By changing the initiate concentration of potassium iodide, the curve of absorbance along with the reaction time was obtained at 350 nm and 297 nm for triiodide ion, and 460 nm for iodine. The changing point of the absorbance curve's shape locates at r = 6.00. For the reaction of ClO2-I− in the absence of H2SO4, the curve of absorbance along with the reaction time can be obtained at 350 nm for triiodide ion, 460 nm for iodine. The mole ratio r is equal to 1.00 is the changing point of the curve's shape no matter at which wavelength to determine the reaction. For the reaction of ClO2-I−-H+ in different pH buffer solution, the curve of absorbance along with the reaction time was recorded at 460 nm for iodine. When r is greater than 1.00, the transition point of the curve's shape locates at pH 2.0, which is also the point of producing chlorite or chloride for chlorine dioxide at different pH. When r is less than 1.00, the transition point locates at pH 7.0

Optimal Vibration Control for Half-Car Suspension on In-Vehicle Networks in Delta Domain

The paper explores the optimal vibration control design problem for a half-car suspension working on in-vehicle networks in delta domain. First, the original suspension system with ECU-actuator delay and sensor-ECU delay is modeled. By using delta operators, the original system is transformed into an associated sampled-data system with time delays in delta domain. After model transformation, the sampled-data system equation is reduced to one without actuator delays and convenient to calculate the states with nonintegral time delay. Therefore, the sampled-data optimal vibration control law can be easily obtained deriving from a Riccati equation and a Stein equation of delta domain. The feedforward control term and the control memory terms designed in the control law ensure the compensation for the effects produced by disturbance and actuator delay, respectively. Moreover, an observer is constructed to implement the physical realizability of the feedforward term and solve the immeasurability problem of some state variables. A half-car suspension model with delays is applied to simulate the responses through the designed controller. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller and the simplicity of the designing approach