525 research outputs found
Transformation of Morphology and Luminosity Classes of the SDSS Galaxies
We present a unified picture on the evolution of galaxy luminosity and
morphology. Galaxy morphology is found to depend critically on the local
environment set up by the nearest neighbor galaxy in addition to luminosity and
the large scale density. When a galaxy is located farther than the virial
radius from its closest neighbor, the probability for the galaxy to have an
early morphological type is an increasing function only of luminosity and the
local density due to the nearest neighbor (). The tide produced by the
nearest neighbor is thought to be responsible for the morphology transformation
toward the early type at these separations. When the separation is less than
the virial radius, i.e. when , its morphology
depends also on the neighbor's morphology and the large-scale background
density over a few Mpc scales () in addition to luminosity and
. The early type probability keeps increasing as increases if
its neighbor is an early type. But the probability decreases as
increases when the neighbor is a late type. The cold gas streaming from the
late type neighbor can be the reason for the morphology transformation toward
late type. The overall early-type fraction increases as increases
when . This can be attributed to the hot halo gas
of the neighbor which is confined by the pressure of the ambient medium held by
the background mass. We have also found that galaxy luminosity depends on
, and that the isolated bright galaxies are more likely to be recent
merger products. We propose a scenario that a series of morphology and
luminosity transformation occur through distant interactions and mergers, which
results in the morphology--luminosity--local density relation.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, for higher resolution figures download PDF file
at http://astro.kias.re.kr/docs/trans.pdf ; references added and typos in
section 3.2 corrected; Final version accepted for publication in Ap
Quantum Evolution of the Bianchi Type I Model
The behaviour of the flat anisotropic model of the Universe with a scalar
field is explored within the framework of quantum cosmology. The principal
moment of the account of an anisotropy is the presence either negative
potential barrier or positive repelling wall. In the first case occur the above
barrier reflection of the wave function of the Universe, in the second one
there is bounce off a potential wall. The further evolution of the Universe
represents an exponential inflating with fast losses of an anisotropy and
approach to the standard cosmological scenario.Comment: Latex, 18 pages, 5 figure
An ansatz for spacetimes of zero gravitational mass : global monopoles and textures
We propose a geometric ansatz, a restriction on Euclidean / Minkowski
distance in the embedding space being propotional to distance in the embedded
space, to generate spacetimes with vanishing gravitational mass (). It turns out that these spacetimes can represent
global monopoles and textures. Thus the ansatz is a prescription to generate
zero mass spacetimes that could describe topological defects, global monopoles
and textures.Comment: 9 pages, LaTeX versio
Cosmology in a String-Dominated Universe
The string-dominated universe locally resembles an open universe, and fits
dynamical measures of power spectra, cluster abundances, redshift distortions,
lensing constraints, luminosity and angular diameter distance relations and
microwave background observations. We show examples of networks which might
give rise to recent string-domination without requiring any fine-tuned
parameters. We discuss how future observations can distinguish this model from
other cosmologies.Comment: 17 pages including 4 figures, of which one is in colo
A Self-Consistent Vacuum for Misner Space and the Chronology Protection Conjecture
In this paper we find a self-consistent vacuum for Misner space. For this
"adapted" Rindler vacuum the renormalized stress-energy tensor is zero
throughout the Misner space. A point-like particle detector traveling on a
timelike geodesic in a Misner space with this vacuum detects nothing. Misner
space with this vacuum thus creates no problems for time travel in and of
itself but a time traveler may pose a danger to himself and to the spacetime.Comment: 5 pages, received September 5, 1997, with a note added November 24,
199
Natural Wormholes as Gravitational Lenses
Visser has suggested traversable 3-dimensional wormholes that could plausibly
form naturally during Big Bang inflation. A wormhole mouth embedded in high
mass density might accrete mass, giving the other mouth a net *negative* mass
of unusual gravitational properties. The lensing of such a gravitationally
negative anomalous compact halo object (GNACHO) will enhance background stars
with a time profile that is observable and qualitatively different from that
recently observed for massive compact halo objects (MACHOs) of positive mass.
We recommend that MACHO search data be analyzed for GNACHOs.Comment: 4 pages; plus 4 figures; ReV_TeX 3.0; DOE/ER/40537-001/NPL94-07-01
Primordial Gravitational Waves From Open Inflation
We calculate the spectrum of gravitational waves generated during inflation
in open inflationary models. In such models an initial epoch of
old inflation solves the horizon and flatness problems, and during this first
epoch of inflation the quantum state of the graviton field rapidly approaches
the Bunch-Davies vacuum. Then old inflation ends by the nucleation of a single
bubble, inside of which there is a shortened epoch of slow-roll inflation
giving today. In this paper we re-express the Bunch-Davies vacuum
for the graviton field in terms of the hyperbolic modes inside the bubble and
propagate these modes forward in time into the present era. We derive the
expression for the contribution from these gravity waves to the cosmic
microwave background anisotropy including the effect of a finite energy
difference across the bubble wall.Comment: 40 pages, TEX with phyzzx macro, 5 figure
Dynamics of a string coupled to gravitational waves II - Perturbations propagate along an infinite Nambu-Goto string
The perturbative modes propagating along an infinite string are investigated
within the framework of the gauge invariant perturbation formalism on a
spacetime containing a self-gravitating straight string with a finite
thickness. These modes are not included in our previous analysis. We
reconstruct the perturbation formalism to discuss these modes and solve the
linearized Einstein equation within the first order with respect to the string
oscillation amplitude. In the thin string case, we show that the oscillations
of an infinite string must involve the propagation of cosmic string traveling
wave.Comment: 4 pages (2 columns), no figure, revtex with multicol.sty. To appear
in Physical Review
On the exact gravitational lens equation in spherically symmetric and static spacetimes
Lensing in a spherically symmetric and static spacetime is considered, based
on the lightlike geodesic equation without approximations. After fixing two
radius values r_O and r_S, lensing for an observation event somewhere at r_O
and static light sources distributed at r_S is coded in a lens equation that is
explicitly given in terms of integrals over the metric coefficients. The lens
equation relates two angle variables and can be easily plotted if the metric
coefficients have been specified; this allows to visualize in a convenient way
all relevant lensing properties, giving image positions, apparent brightnesses,
image distortions, etc. Two examples are treated: Lensing by a
Barriola-Vilenkin monopole and lensing by an Ellis wormhole.Comment: REVTEX, 11 pages, 12 eps-figures, figures partly improved, minor
revision
A New Angle on Intersecting Branes in Infinite Extra Dimensions
I construct solutions to Einstein's equations in 6 dimensions with bulk
cosmological constant and intersecting 4-branes. Solutions exist for a
continuous range of 4-brane tension, with long distance gravity localized to a
3+1 dimensional Minkowski intersection, provided that the additional tension of
the intersection satisfies one condition.Comment: Latex, Bibtex, 8 pages, references adde
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