Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from Pyrethrum pulchrum Ledeb.

The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from the aerial parts of Pyrethrum pulchrum Ledeb. were investigated. Dried plant material was hydro-distillated yielding 0.1% of essential oil. The oil was analyzed by GC-MS techniques. Fifty-five compounds were identified representing 99.7% of the total oil composition. Camphor was the predominant compound (33.9%) followed by linalool (21.1%) and α-pinene (9.0%). The antimicrobial activity of the oil was determined using the disk diffusion method against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis), Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli), Mycobacterium vaccae and fungi (Candida albicans, Sporidiobolus salmonicolor and Penicillum notatum). The essential oil of P. pulchrum displays an intermediate activity against selected bacteria

Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Standard Triple and Sequential Regimens for Helicobacter pylori Eradication

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare effectiveness of sequential therapy to the standard triple therapy to eradicate Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in Mongolia. Methods: From September 2014 to February 2016, 140 patients with confirmed H. pylori infection (upper gastrointestinal tract (GI) endoscopy, rapid urease test, histology, H. pylori stool antigen test (HpStAg)) randomly received 10 days standard triple therapy (20 mg pantoprazole, 1 g amoxicillin, 500 mg clarithromycin, all twice daily for 10 days; STT group, n = 70), and sequential therapy (20 mg pantoprazole, 1 g amoxicillin twice daily for 5 days followed by 20 mg pantoprazole, 500 mg clarithromycin, 500 mg metronidazole twice daily for 5 days; SQT group, n = 70). Successful eradication therapy for H. pylori infection was defined as a negative HpStAg test 4 weeks after the end of eradication treatment. Results: The eradication rates by intention to treat (ITT) analysis were 71.4% (50/70) and 50% (35/70) in the STT and SQT groups, respectively (p = 0.033). The eradication rates by per-protocol (PP) analysis were 72.5% (50/69) and 51.5% (35/68) in the STT and SQT groups, respectively (p = 0.018). The adverse event rates were 7.6% (5/70) and 18.6% (13/70) in the STT and SQT groups, respectively (p = 0.043). Conclusion: The eradication rate was significantly higher in the STT group compared with the SQT group. But the eradication efficacies of both STT and SQT for H. pylori infection in Mongolia are unacceptable

Artemisioside, a new monoterpene glucoside from the aerial parts of Artemisia ordosica (Asteraceae).

A new monoterpene glucoside, artemisioside, was isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia ordosica Krasch. (Asteraceae). The chemical structure was elucidated from physicochemical data and by the application of Klyne\u27s rule.A new monoterpene glucoside, artemisioside, was isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia ordosica Krasch. (Asteraceae). The chemical structure was elucidated from physicochemical data and by the application of Klyne\u27s rule

Initial Trials With Susceptibility-Based and Empiric Anti-H. pylori Therapies in Mongolia

Background: Mongolia has a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer. We conducted a prospective, randomized, single-blind study to evaluate the efficacy of common regimens in Mongolia and to obtain specimens for susceptibility testing.Methods: Empiric treatments: 270 patients with confirmed H. pylori infection were randomized to receive 10 days clarithromycin-triple therapy (Clari-TT) (n = 90), modified bismuth quadruple therapy (M-BQT) (n = 90), or sequential therapy (ST) (n = 90). A second group of 46 patients received susceptibility-based Clari-TT. H. pylori was cultured from 131 patients and susceptibility testing was performed. H. pylori eradication was confirmed by stool antigen 4 weeks after the therapy.Results: Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis cure rates were 71.1% (95% CI = 61.7–80.5%) for Clari-TT, 87.8% (95% CI = 81–94.6%) for M-BQT, 67.8% (95% CI = 58.1–77.5%) for ST vs. 89.1% (95% CI = 86–98.2%) for susceptibility-based Clari-TT. Per-protocol (PP) analysis results for these therapies were 72.7% (63.4–82%), 89.8% (83.5–96.1%), 68.5% (58.8–78.2%), and 97.6% (89.5–99.8%), respectively. Among 131 cultured H. pylori, resistance rates to amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and metronidazole were 8.4, 37.4, and 74%, respectively.Conclusion: In Mongolia, the prevalence of H. pylori resistance is high requiring bismuth quadruple therapy or susceptibility-based therapy to obtain acceptable cure rates

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil from <i>Pyrethrum pulchrum</i> Ledeb.

The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from the aerial parts of Pyrethrum pulchrum Ledeb. were investigated. Dried plant material was hydro-distillated yielding 0.1% of essential oil. The oil was analyzed by GC-MS techniques. Fifty-five compounds were identified representing 99.7% of the total oil composition. Camphor was the predominant compound (33.9%) followed by linalool (21.1%) and α-pinene (9.0%). The antimicrobial activity of the oil was determined using the disk diffusion method against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis), Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli), Mycobacterium vaccae and fungi (Candida albicans, Sporidiobolus salmonicolor and Penicillum notatum). The essential oil of P. pulchrum displays an intermediate activity against selected bacteria

Antifungal activity of Mongolian medicinal plant extracts

The in vitro antifungal activity of extracts obtained from 14 medicinal plants of the mongolian flora were investigated by measuring their minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) against fungi cause of cutaneous diseases such as Candida species, dermatophytes and Malassezia furfur. Among the species examined, Stellaria dichotoma L., Scutellaria scordifolia L. Aquilegia sibirica Fisch. Et Schrenk. and Hyoscyamus niger L. extracts demonstrated antifungal activity against all studied fungi. In particular, S. scordifolia L. methanol extract, obtained at room temperature, showed the best activity against Candida spp., Malassezia furfur and dermatophytes with GMMIC50 values of 22 µg/mL, 64 µg/mL and 32 µg/mL, respectively. The flavones, luteolin and apigenin, identified in S. scordifolia extracts, and rutin identified in S. dichotoma and Hyoscyamus niger L. extracts, could be responsible of the observed antifungal activity