Entry and exit of firms explained by trigger points: Dutch glasshouse horticulture

The entry and exit decisions, considered as investment decisions, are investigated in the paper. Taking into account the heterogeneity of entry and exit, the analysis is based on two types of entry-exit: real (related to the establishment or closing of a firm), or entry-exit in a new sector (indicating the diversification or changing specialisation). The theoretical model is based on Marshallian trigger points with Real Option trigger points as an alternative. The estimation exploited the negative binomial model to investigate the role of trigger points (thresholds) on the observed number of entry or exit firms in Dutch glasshouse horticulture over 25 years. Firms should overcome different thresholds depending on types of entry and exit. Marshallian trigger points function as good as the ones based on Real Option theory. The estimation of the model, which takes into account expected output prices, uncertainty and the interest rate, however, provides the best explanation of entry and exit. That model can be considered of a flexible variant of Real Option theory. The model provides plausible elasticities of entry and exit, either real or in changing specialisation

Innovations in the provision of quality youth employment

В статті проаналізовано проблеми розвитку молодіжної сфери зайнятості. Розглянуто загальні світові орієнтири і стратегії розвитку якісної зайнятості молоді. Визначено пріоритетні напрямки регулювання молодіжного сегменту ринку праці України. The author has analyzed the problems of development of youth employment. In the article were considered general global guidelines and strategy to ensure quality youth employment. The priority directions of regulation of youth segment on the labor market in Ukraine was identified

Employment in Ukraine: tendencies and problems of regulation

В статье раскрыто содержание категории «занятость». Определены доминирующие факторы, влияющие на развитие рынка труда и занятости в Украине. Проанализированы основные тенденции занятости в регионах Украины. Выявлены ключевые проблемы занятости, требующие структурных изменений экономики, регулирования рынка труда. The essence of the category "employment" has been revealed in the article. The dominating factors influencing development of labor market and employment in Ukraine have been defined. The main tendencies of employment in regions of Ukraine have been analysed. The key problems of employment demanding structural changes of economy, regulation of labor market have been defined. The need of ensuring high-quality employment has been proved

Investment Spikes in Dutch Horticulture: An Analysis at Firm and Aggregate Firm Level Over the Period 1975-1999

An intermittent and lumpy pattern of investments is observed in the Dutch horticulture sector: only 16.5% of firms experience of investment spike, but they account for 67.7% of total investment. The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of time-varying and time-invariant variables on the probability of observing an investment spieke. This paper investigates the spells between investment spikes in a discrete-time proportional hazard framework. Duration models were estimated on two data sets: on an unbalanced panel and on a grouped into 10 groups data of Dutch glasshouse firms over the period 1975-1999. Different specifications of the model were estimated. Theoretically based model can sufficiently explain the occurrence of investment spikes. Both models show a 6- year period of investment spikes that is also confirmed for the average firm which exhibits a higher hazard ratio in the 6th, 12-13th and 19-20th years of duration. The presence of investment cycle can demonstrate the long-run policy of firms in presence of non-convex adjustment costs. The panel-data models are augmented with a Gamma distribution to account for unobserved heterogeneity among firms.Investments, discrete-hazard duration model, Dutch greenhouse horticulture, gamma heterogeneity, Crop Production/Industries, Q12, D9,

Entry and Exit of firms explained by trigger points: Dutch glasshouse horticulture

The entry and exit decisions, considered as investment decisions, are investigated in the paper. Taking into account the heterogeneity of entry and exit, the analysis is based on two types of entry-exit: real (related to the establishment or closing of a firm), or entry-exit in a new sector (indicating the diversification or changing specialisation). The theoretical model is based on Marshallian trigger points with Real Option trigger points as an alternative. The estimation exploited the negative binomial model to investigate the role of trigger points (thresholds) on the observed number of entry or exit firms in Dutch glasshouse horticulture over 25 years. Firms should overcome different thresholds depending on types of entry and exit. Marshallian trigger points function as good as the ones based on Real Option theory. The estimation of the model, which takes into account expected output prices, uncertainty and the interest rate, however, provides the best explanation of entry and exit. That model can be considered of a flexible variant of Real Option theory. The model provides plausible elasticities of entry and exit, either real or in changing specialisation.entry and exit, trigger points, glasshouse horticulture, Crop Production/Industries, Industrial Organization,

Concurrent Session 1 The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Education

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many life spheres of the world community bringing huge losses and inconveniences, the consequences of which we will still struggle with in the near future. One of these consequences was a severe blow to the educational system, which led to the aggravation of existing problems as well as further increases in inequality to students. I would like to draw attention to some key consequences, thereby once again drawing attention to this problem and showing how serious the consequences that we need to deal with are

Technology that makes our life easier

Our present life is characterized by the increasing role of technology, especially in everyday life. People make a fuss mainly about technologies making their life easier and more convenient. It‘s a social networking that really can be referred to one of the