THE INFLUENCE OF STEAM ON SOME CHEMICAL SOIL PROPERTIES - REVIEW

Soil forms a thing mantle over the Eart¢s surface and acts as the interface between the atmosphere and lithosphere, the outermost shell of the Earth. It is a multiphase system, consisting of mineral material, plant roots, water and gases, and organic matter at various stages of decay (Bardgett R., 2005,). Soil temperature influence plant nutrients uptake through a multitude of chemical, physical and biological processes that intercat over wide range of spatial and temporal scales (BassiriRad H, 2005) Steaming is traditionally used in glasshouses to sterilise the soil and control both weeds and diseases prior to crop establishment. Steam is applied under pressure beneath metal pans forced down onto freshly formed beds for periods of 3-8 minutes. The steam raises the soil temperature to 70-100 °C killing most weed seeds to a depth of at least 10 cm. The increase in inorganic substances in soil due to steaming means an increased fertility as more nutrients become available for the plant (Bond et al., 2003

STUDY ON METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS (TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION) IN CLUJ NAPOCA IN THE INTERVAL 2015-2020

Climate refers to the average weather of an area including the general patterns of atmospheric conditions, seasonal variation and weather extremes averaged over a long period (Vinay, 2009). The aim of this study is determination the temperature and precipitation on seasons. For this study vere calculated the temperature and precipitation on seasons: Winter, Spring, Summer and Autumn in  interval 2015-2020. The biggest negative deviation from normal was in 2017 with -5.2% the season being characterized as excessive breezy. The highest amounts of precipitation were in 2015, 2017, 2019 with 61.8%, 77.7%, 61.5%, the seasons being characterized as excessive rainy. Temperature and precipitation in Cluj-Napoca show a clear warming trend over the last three decades