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Not AvailableTHE PAPER DISCUSSES THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY CARRIED OUT AT NAVAMOTA WATERSHED SABARKANTHA DISTRICT OF GUJARAT TO FIND OUT THE COMMUNICATION BEHAVIOUR OF TRIBAL FARMERS TOWARDS SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION PRACTICES. IN THE WATERSHED , 86% FARMERS ARE TRIBAL WITH SMALL AND FRAGMENTED LAND HOLDINGS AND POOR ECONOMIC CONDITION. THERE IS MOUNTING PRESSURE ON LAND DUE TO INCREASED BIOTIC PRESSURE. ALL THE FARMERS PRACTICE AGRICULTURE AS PRIMARY OCCUPATION. THERE IS LITTLE OR NEGLIGIBLE FARMING ON CONTOURS. ONLY 36% FARMERS , OUT OF WHICH ONLY 10% OF MORE THAN PRIMARY SCHOOL STANDARD. IT IS ALSO OBSERVED THAT FARM AND HOME VISIT METHOD OF COMMUNICATION IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE. THE COMMUNICATION BEHAVIOUR OF FARMERS IS SIGNIFICANTLY CORRELATED WITH EDUCATIONAL STATUS, FREQUENCY USE, CREDIBILITY OF COMMUNICATION AND EXTENSION METHODS AND ADOPTION BEHAVIOUR OF THE FARMERS OF THIS REGION.Not Availabl

Stereochemical studies of 5-methyl-3-(substituted phenyl)-5-[(substituted phenyl) hydroxy methyl]-2-thiooxazolidin-4-ones

The synthesis and stereochemical aspects of the aldol products, 5-methyl-3-(substituted phenyl)-5[(substituted phenyl) hydroxy methyl]-2-thiooxazolidin-4-ones, are discussed

Recent Developments in Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors for Management of Type-2 Diabetes: An Update.

The incidence of diabetes has increased globally in recent years and figures of diabetic patients were estimated to rise up to 642 million by 2040. The disorder is accompanied with various complications if not managed at the early stages, and interlinked high mortality rate and morbidity with time. Different classes of drugs are available for the management of type 2 diabetes but were having certain limitations of their safety. Alphaglucosidase is a family of enzyme originated from the pancreas which plays a role in the anabolism of 80-90% of carbohydrate consumed into glucose. This glucose is absorbed into the blood and results in frank postprandial hyperglycemia and worsens the conditions of diabetic patients which precipitate complications. Inhibition of these enzymes helps to prevent postprandial hyperglycemia and the formation of glycated end products. Alphaglucosidase inhibitors are reported to be more important in adequate control of type 2, but marketed drugs have various side effects, such as poor patient compliance and also expensive. This proves the needs for other class of drugs with better efficacy, safety, patient compliance and economic. In this review, we have emphasized the recent advances in the field of new alpha-glucosidase inhibitors with improved safety and pharmacological profile

Potential Anti-epileptic Phytoconstituents: An Updated Review.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:Epilepsy is one of the most commonly occurring non-communicable neurological disorder that affects people of all age groups. Around 50 million people globally are epileptic, with 80% cases in developing countries due to lack of access to treatments determined by high cost and poor availability or it can be defined by the fraction of active epileptic patients who are not appropriately being treated. The availability of antiepileptic drugs and their adjuvant therapy in such countries is less than 50% and these are highly susceptible to drug interactions and severe adverse effects. As a result, the use of herbal medicine is increasingly becoming popular. AIM OF THE STUDY:To provide pharmacological information on the active constituents evaluated in the preclinical study to treat epilepsy with potential to be used as an alternative therapeutic option in future. It also provides affirmation for the development of novel antiepileptic drugs derived from medicinal plants. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Relevant information on the antiepileptic potential of phytoconstituents in the preclinical study (in-vitro, in-vivo) is provided based on their effect on screening parameters. Besides, relevant information on pharmacology of phytoconstituents, the traditional use of their medicinal plants related to epilepsy and status of phytoconstituents in the clinical study were derived from online databases, including PubMed, Clinicaltrial.gov, The Plant List (TPL, www.theplantlist.org), Science Direct. Articles identified using preset searching syntax and inclusion criteria are presented. RESULTS:More than 70% of the phytoconstituents reviewed in this paper justified the traditional use of their medicinal plant related to epilepsy by primarily acting on the GABAergic system. Amongst the phytoconstituents, only cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol have been explored for clinical application in epilepsy. CONCLUSION:The preclinical and clinical data of the phytoconstituents to treat epilepsy and its associated comorbidities provides evidence for the discovery and development of novel antiepileptic drugs from medicinal plants. In terms of efficacy and safety, further randomized and controlled clinical studies are required to understand the complete pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic picture of phytoconstituents. Also, specific botanical source evaluation is needed