Adult Cognitive and Non-cognitive Skills: An Overview of Existing PIAAC Data

As of summer 2019, more than 60 PIAAC datasets from participating countries worldwide were available for research purposes. These datasets can be differentiated, for example, in terms of their accessibility, the extent of the information provided, the population group in focus, and the design of the underlying study. PIAAC Public Use Files, for instance, are freely available and are therefore highly anonymised, whereas PIAAC Scientific Use Files are available only for scientific research purposes and provide access to more detailed variables. The majority of the PIAAC data are available as public use files, but some participating countries (e.g. Germany and the United States) have also made several scientific use files or other extended file versions available to the research community. Some of the available PIAAC datasets focus on specific population groups - for example, the incarcerated adult population in the United States. Regarding the design of the underlying studies, most available datasets are cross-sectional, but some longitudinal data already exist (e.g. PIAAC-L in Germany). The present chapter provides an overview of the structure, accessibility, and use of the PIAAC datasets available worldwide

The Legitimacy of Inequality: Integrating the Perspectives of System Justification and Social Judgment : The Legitimacy of Inequality

To explain the legitimation of inequality among the members of a social system, we blend system justification theory and the theory of social judgment. We identify adaptation and replacement as two major mechanisms of inequality legitimation and examine their influence in the unique setting of a natural experiment, the reunification of socialist East Germany and capitalist West Germany. We show that the new members of a society in which inequality is broadly endorsed and perceived as enduring will adapt to this perception and come to view inequality as acceptable. This process of adaptation reflects the subtle but powerful influence of collective legitimacy on an individual's tacit approval of inequality. Inequality also becomes legitimate as older cohorts are replaced by younger cohorts; however, this effect is weaker than the effect of adaptation. We contribute to the literature by demonstrating that developing and testing a theory of how inequality becomes legitimized can provide new insights into the ideational antecedents of inequality

Endogenous (In)Formal Institutions.

Despite the huge evidence documenting the relevance of inclusive political institutions and a culture of cooperation, we still lack a framework that identifies their origins and interaction. In a model in which an elite and a citizenry try to cooperate in consumption risk-sharing and investment, we show that a rise in the investment value encourages the elite to introduce more inclusive political institutions to convince the citizenry that a sufficient part of the returns on joint investments will be shared. In addition, accumulation of culture rises with the severity of consumption risk if this is not too large and thus cheating is not too appealing. Finally, the citizenry may over-accumulate culture to credibly commit to cooperate in investment when its value falls and so inclusive political institutions are at risk. These predictions are consistent with the evolution of activity-specific geographic factors, monasticism, and political institutions in a panel of 90 European regions spanning the 1000-1600 period. Evidence from several identification strategies suggests that the relationships we uncover are causal

Einsatz von Webanalyse in überregionalen Informationsinfrastruktureinrichtungen

Um die Nutzung ihrer Informationsdienste und -angebote beurteilen zu können, setzen Informationsinfrastruktureinrichtungen der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft die Webanalyse ein. Sieben Leibniz-Informationsinfrastruktureinrichtungen wurden mit einem Online-Fragebogen und einem teilstandardisierten Interview zur Nutzung der Webanalyse befragt. Es werden die verwendeten Methoden, Werkzeuge und Metriken sowie die verfügbaren Ressourcen als auch die Zukunftsperspektive der Webanalyse an den Einrichtungen beschrieben. Insgesamt wird der Stellenwert der Webanalyse an den Instituten als hoch angesehen. Die bisher wenig ausgeprägte Standardisierung und die fehlende Einheitlichkeit der Metriken und Erhebungsmethoden erschweren einen möglichen Vergleich von Nutzungsdaten allerdings erheblich. (DIPF/Orig.)In order to assess the usage of information services and offers, information infrastructure institutes in the Leibniz Association have implemented web analyses. Based on online questionnaires and part-standardized interviews, seven Leibniz infrastructure institutes were assessed regarding their implementation of web analysis. The applied methods are described as well as instruments and metrics, together with available resources and the future perspective of web analysis at the Leibniz institutes. Altogether, the relevance of web analysis is rated high at the Leibniz institutes. However, a possible comparison of usage data is impeded owing to lacks of standardization, and the missing harmonization of metrics and assessment methods. (DIPF/Orig.

GESIS Panel Special Survey on the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak in Germany

The aim of the special survey of the GESIS panel on the outbreak of the corona virus SARS-CoV-2 in Germany was to collect timely data on the effects of the corona crisis on people´s daily lives. The study focused on questions of risk perception, risk minimization measures, evaluation of political measures and their compliance, trust in politics and institutions, changed employment situation, childcare obligations, and media consumption. Due to the need for timely data collection, only the GESIS panel sub-sample of online respondents was invited (about three quarters of the sample). Since, due to time constraints, respondents could only participate in the online survey but not by mail, the results cannot be easily transferred to the overall population. Further longitudinal surveys on Covid-19 with the entire sample of the GESIS panel are planned for 2020. Topics: Risk perception: Probability of events related to corona infection in the next two months (self, infection of a person from close social surrondings, hospital treatment, quarantine measures regardless of whether infected or not, infecting other people) Risk minimization: risk minimization measures taken in the last seven days (avoided certain (busy) places, kept minimum distance to other people, adapted school or work situation, quarantine due to symptoms or without symptoms, washed hands more often, used disinfectant, stocks increased, reduced social interactions, worn face mask, other, none of these measures). Evaluation of the effectiveness of various policy measures to combat the further spread of corona virus (closure of day-care centres, kindergartens and schools, closure of sports facilities, closure of bars, cafés and restaurants, closure of all shops except supermarkets and pharmacies, ban on visiting hospitals, nursing homes and old people´s homes, curfew for persons aged 70 and over or people with health problems or for anyone not working in the health sector or other critical professions (except for basic purchases and urgent medical care). Curfew compliance or refusal: Willingness to obey a curfew vs. refusal; reasons for the compliance with curfew (social duty, fear of punishment, protection against infection, fear of infecting others (loved ones, infecting others in general, a risk group); reasons for refusal of curfew (restrictions too drastic or not justified, other obligations, does not stop the spread, not affected by the outbreak, boring at home, will not be punished). Evaluation of the effectiveness of various government measures (medical care, restrictions on social life such as closure of public facilities and businesses, reduction of economic damage, communication with the population). Trust in politics and institutions with regard to dealing with the coronavirus (physician, local health authority, local and municipal administration, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), Federal Government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO), scientists). Changed employment situation: employment status at the beginning of March; change in occupational situation since the spread of coronavirus: dependent employees: number of hours reduced, number of hours increased, more home office, leave of absence with/ without continued wage payment , fired, no change; self-employed: working hours reduced, working hours increased, more home office, revenue decreased, revenue increased, company temporarily closed by the authorities, company temporarily voluntarily closed, financial hardship, company permanently closed or insolvent, no change. Childcare: children under 12 in the household; organisation of childcare during the closure of day-care centres, kindergartens and schools (staying at home, partner stays at home, older siblings take care, grandparents are watching, etc.) Media consumption on Corona: information sources used for Corona (e.g. nationwide public or private television or radio, local public or private television or radio, national newspapers or local newspapers, Facebook, other social media, personal conversations with friends and family, other, do not inform myself on the subject); frequency of Facebook usage; information about Corona obtained from regional Facebook page or regional Facebook group. Demography: sex; age (categorized); education (categorized); intention to vote and choice of party (Sunday question); Left-right self-assessment; marital status; size of household. Additionally coded: Respondent ID; recruitment cohort; mode of invitation; mode of participation; participation (dichotomous); questionnaire evaluation: overall assessment of the survey; comment (dichotomous); evaluation of the special survey on Corona; disposition code (online); survey duration in seconds. User-side paradata are stored in a separate CSV file (see codebook).Ziel der Sondererhebung des GESIS-Panels zum Ausbruch des Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in Deutschland war es, zeitnah Daten über die Auswirkungen der Corona-Krise auf das tägliche Leben der Menschen zu sammeln. Im Mittelpunkt der Studie standen Fragen zur Risikowahrnehmung, Maßnahmen zur Risikominimierung, Bewertung der politischen Maßnahmen und deren Einhaltung, Vertrauen in Politik und Institutionen, veränderte Beschäftigungssituation, Kinderbetreuungspflichten und Medienkonsum. Aufgrund der Notwendigkeit einer zeitnahen Datenerhebung wurde nur die GESIS-Panel-Substichprobe der Online-Befragten eingeladen (etwa drei Viertel der Stichprobe). Da aus Zeitgründen Befragte nur an der Online-Befragung, nicht aber postalisch teilnehmen konnten, lassen sich die Ergebnisse nicht ohne weiteres auf die Gesamtbevölkerung übertragen. Zum Thema Covid-19 sind weitere Längsschnitterhebungen mit der gesamten Stichprobe des GESIS-Panels für 2020 geplant. Themen: Risikowahrnehmung: Wahrscheinlichkeit von Ereignissen im Zusammenhang mit einer Corona Infizierung in den nächsten zwei Monaten (eigene Infizierung, Infizierung einer Person aus dem direkten Umfeld, stationäre Krankenhausbehandlung, Quarantäne unabhängig davon, ob infiziert oder nicht, eigene Infizierung und Ansteckung anderer Personen). Risikominimierung: eigene Maßnahmen zur Risikominimierung in den letzten sieben Tagen (bestimmte (belebte) Orte gemieden, Mindestabstand eingehalten, Schul- oder Arbeitssituation angepasst, Quarantäne wegen Symptomen bzw. ohne Symptome, häufigeres Händewaschen, Desinfektionsmittel genutzt, Vorräte aufgestockt, Kontakte reduziert, Mundschutz getragen, Sonstiges, keine dieser Maßnahmen). Bewertung der Wirksamkeit verschiedener politischer Maßnahmen zur Bekämpfung der weiteren Verbreitung des Coronavirus (Schließung von Kitas, Kindergärten und Schulen, Schließung von Sportvereinen und Fitnesszentren, Schließung von Bars, Cafés und Restaurants, Schließung aller Geschäfte mit Ausnahme von Supermärkten und Apotheken, Besuchsverbot für Krankenhäuser, Pflege- und Altenheime, Ausgangssperre für Personen ab 70 Jahren oder mit gesundheitlichen Problemen bzw. für jeden, der nicht im Gesundheitsbereich oder anderen kritischen Berufen arbeitet (außer für grundlegende Einkäufe und dringende medizinische Versorgung). Bereitschaft zur Einhaltung einer Ausgangssperre vs. Verweigerung; Gründe für die Bereitschaft zur Einhaltung der Ausgangssperre (gesellschaftliche Pflicht, Angst vor Bestrafung, Schutz vor einer Infektion, Angst vor Ansteckung Dritter: nahestehende Personen, generell andere, gefährdete Gruppen); Gründe für die Verweigerung der Ausgangssperre (Einschränkungen zu drastisch bzw. nicht gerechtfertigt, andere Verpflichtungen, stoppt die Verbreitung nicht, nicht vom Ausbruch betroffen, zu Hause zu langweilig, werde nicht bestraft). Bewertung der Wirksamkeit verschiedener Regierungsmaßnahmen (medizinische Versorgung, Einschränkung des gesellschaftlichen Lebens wie z.B. Schließung von öffentlichen Einrichtungen und Geschäften, Verminderung wirtschaftlicher Schäden, Kommunikation mit der Bevölkerung). Vertrauen in Politik und Institutionen in Bezug auf den Umgang mit dem Coronavirus (Hausarzt, lokale Gesundheitsbehörde, kommunale und städtische Verwaltung, Robert Koch-Institut (RKI), Bundesregierung, Bundeskanzlerin, Gesundheitsministerium, Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO), Wissenschaftler). Veränderte Beschäftigungssituation: Beschäftigungsstatus Anfang März; Veränderung der beruflichen Situation seit der Ausbreitung des Coronavirus abhängig Beschäftigte: Stundenzahl reduziert, Stundenzahl erhöht, mehr Home Office, freigestellt mit/ ohne Lohnfortzahlung, entlassen, keine Veränderung; Selbstständige: Arbeitszeit reduziert, Arbeitszeit erhöht, mehr Home Office, Umsatz gesunden, Umsatz gestiegen, Unternehmen vorübergehend behördlich geschlossen, Unternehmen vorübergehend freiwillig geschlossen, finanzielle Nöte, Unternehmen dauerhaft geschlossen oder insolvent, keine Veränderung. Kinderbetreuung: Kinder im Haushalt unter 12 Jahren; Organisation der Kinderbetreuung während der Schließungen von Kitas, Kindergärten und Schulen (bleibe zu Hause, Partner bleibt zu Hause, ältere Geschwister passen auf, Großeltern passen auf, etc.). Medienkonsum zu Corona: genutzte Informationsquellen zu Corona (z.B. überregionales öffentlich-rechtliches bzw. privates Fernsehen, lokales öffentlich-rechtliches bzw. privates Fernsehen, überregionale Zeitungen bzw. Lokalzeitungen, Facebook, soziale Medien, persönliche Gespräche mit Freunden und Familie, Sonstiges, informiere mich nicht zu dem Thema); Nutzungshäufigkeit Facebook; Informationen zu Corona bezogen aus regionaler Facebook-Seite bzw. aus regionaler Facebook-Gruppe. Demographie: Geschlecht; Alter (kategorisiert); Bildung (kategorisiert); Wahlbeteiligungsabsicht und Wahlentscheidung (Sonntagsfrage); Links-Rechts-Selbsteinstufung; Familienstand; Haushaltsgröße. Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Befragten-ID; Rekrutierungskohorte; Einladungsmodus; Teilnahmemodus; Teilnahme (dichotom); Fragebogenevaluation: Gesamtbewertung der Befragung; Kommentar des Befragten (dichotom); Bewertung der Sonderbefragung zu Corona; Disposition Code (online); Dauer der Befragung in Sekunden. Nutzerseitige Paradaten sind in einer separaten CSV-Datei abgelegt (siehe Codebuch)

GESIS Panel - Standard Edition

The GESIS Panel provides a probability-based mixed-mode access panel infrastructure located at GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences in Mannheim, Germany. The project offers the social science community an opportunity to collect survey data from a representative sample of the German population. Submitted study proposals are evaluated based on a scientific review process. Panel members were initially recruited in 2013 in face-to-face interviews followed by a self-administered profile survey. The mode was chosen by the participants. All participants of the profile survey are considered as members of the panel and invited to the bi-monthly regular waves. The starting cohort encompassed 4900 panelists at the beginning of 2014. In order to compensate for panel attrition, a refreshment sample was drawn in 2016, using the General Social Survey (ALLBUS) interview as vehicle. The initial cohort encompasses German speaking respondents aged between 18 and 70 years (at the time of recruitment) and permanently residing in Germany, whereas the second cohort includes respondents from the age of 18 without upper restriction. In 2018 a third recruitment sample was drawn, which was integrated with the wave ge. The third cohort also includes respondents aged 18 and over without an upper limit. Retroactively, cases up to and including wave fc (third wave from 2018) were added to the data. The Data Manual (ZA5664-65_sd_data-manual) has been reissued and there is a corresponding recruitment report (ZA5664-65_mb_recruitment2018). The ALLBUS Sample is based on a disproportional sampling of respondents from the western and eastern part of Germany. A design weight that enables integration of the two recruitment cohorts is included into the dataset. For more details, please see the methods reports of the recruitment processes and die GESIS Panel reference paper (Bosnjak et al., 2017). In March 2020, a special GESIS panel survey was conducted on the SARS-CoV-2 resp. COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak in Germany. In 2021, the fourth recruitment sample was drawn using the German International Social Survey Programme (ISSP), which was integrated with wave ja. The fourth cohort also includes respondents aged 18 and older with no upper limit. For more information, see the corresponding recruitment report (ZA5664-65_r_i12.pdf). GESIS Panel Demographic Dataset Starting with version 43-0-0 the longitudinal demographic dataset became part of the dissemination package. The dataset is a longitudinal dataset (long format), with harmonized measurements on demographic variables: Respondent ID; timepoint of survey; corresponding wave; survey year; recruitment cohort; sex of respondent; year of birth; highest level of education; personal net income; household net income; marital status; AAPOR disposition code; mode of invitation; mode of participation.The following description of the contents begins with the most recent wave. Part of every survey for all respondents (except in the Recruitment Interview): mode of invitation; mode of participation; date of the beginning and the end of the fieldwork; break during the survey and its duration; date, on which the questionnaire was completed; estimated duration; mode of participation; place of participation (at home or somewhere else); duration of the questionnaire (online); page history; last completed page (online); time needed to complete each page (online); date of receipt; shape and version of the received questionnaire (offline); AAPOR wave code; disposition code (online); conceptual stimulus of the question (through wave bb); comprehensability of the questions; from on wave bc: difficulties in answering the questions; other people present during the interview; respondents feedback (Welcoming Interview and from on wave ba); Browser information: User Agent String (UAS); from on wave cb: experimental variable: groups; from on wave ec: recruitment cohort and weight; survey evaluation (part of every panel wave): respondents evaluation of the questionnaire. Wave db closes with study zq on survey evaluation, which is a GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study and is part of every panel wave. Respondents paradata are documented in a separate csv file (see codebook). Wave jb: Environmental attitudes and behaviors (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module) (zd): Attitudes towards the relationship between people and the environment (NEP scale: Approaching maximum number of people that can be fed by earth, right of people to adapt environment to their needs, consequences of human intervention in nature, human ingenuity will prevent uninhabitability of earth, abuse of environment by people, enough natural resources, equal right of plants and animals to live as humans, balance of nature stable enough, humans subject to laws of nature, environmental crisis greatly exaggerated, earth is like a spaceship with limited space and resources, humans destined to rule over nature, delicate balance of nature, humans will be able to control nature, heading for environmental disaster); willingness to pay for environmental protection (higher prices, higher taxes, sacrifice of standard of living). Energy turnaround: Attitude towards the energy transition (renewable energies not sufficient to supply industrialized countries, does more harm than good, move away from fossil fuels as quickly as possible, renewable energies make Germany independent of other countries, large power plants essential for power supply, future lies in renewable energies, energy-saving measures are exaggerated, danger from nuclear power plants, energy transition destroys Germany as an industrial location, no alternative to conversion); opinion on the nuclear phase-out; opinion on the pace of climate protection policy in Germany (moving forward vs. adapting to other countries); seriousness of the problem of climate change. Mobility and transport: frequency of use of different means of transport (car, bicycle, bus or train in the region, train on longer journeys). Awareness of sustainable consumption: purchase of organic and regional food in the last week; purchase of green electricity. Personality and personal values (GESIS Panel Core Study Module) (ze): Psychological self-characterization (Big 5: reserved, trusting, comfortable, relaxed, little artistic interest, sociable, inclined to criticize, thorough, nervous, active imagination); personal value preferences (scale: Conservation, emphasizing one´s own accomplishments, forming opinions, traditionalism, tolerance, wealth, strong state, acquiring knowledge, helping people, new experiences, giving directions for action, obeying laws, caring for others´ needs, freedom of action, desire for recognition of one´s accomplishments, justice, figuring things out). Attitude toward refugees (zj): Compassion for refugees; sympathy for refugees; importance of refugees for collective values and prosperity in Germany (threat vs. enrichment); willingness to cooperate with refugees; preference for refugees in living environment. European solidarity in times of war in Ukraine (du): Attachment to the European Union (EU); attitude toward the EU admission procedure of Ukraine (admit in fast-track, admit regularly, do not admit); agreement with various statements (Russia threat to peace in Europe, Germany should admit Ukrainian refugees, Germany should help host countries of Ukrainian refugees); fears related to the war in Ukraine (Russia attacks other countries, war in Germany). European solidarity in times of war in Ukraine (do): Agreement with various statements about democracy and democratic decision-making procedures (experts should make political decisions, all citizens should have equal influence on decisions, conflicts cannot be solved by discussion, in a democracy there should be no elites, deputies should decide according to their conscience, common good more important than own interest, agreement among the population means right decision, most important goal of democratic politics must be social and economic equality, make decisions alone behind closed doors, make decisions in discussion, disputes between different interest groups harm the common good, decision is struggle of different interests, government should implement measures even if they are rejected, reasons behind opinion are important, majority decision must be valid, deputies should represent social classes); experience with politics (conversations help me develop my opinion on political issues, important arguments are taken seriously, important arguments are considered, changing laws when they are rejected is important, in Germany the Bundestag changes laws when they are no longer supported by a majority of the population. Vignette experiment: assess political systems with different forms of (a) participation, (b) decision-making, (c) types of representation, and (d) jurisdiction in terms of democratic quality and performance. Crime reporting. Journalistic content, use and impact (cz): Precautions to protect against crime (leaving home after dark only if absolutely necessary, avoiding certain places, avoiding strangers after dark, avoiding public transportation in the evening, carrying mace, gun, or knife); fear of victimization: Frequency of fear of burglary, being beaten or injured, being injured or killed by a terrorist attack; likelihood of these events in the next 12 months; assessment of crime trends in the last 10 years and in the next 10 years; assessment of trends in violent crime in the last 10 years and in the next 10 years; appropriateness of sentences imposed; source of information about crime (printed newspapers, printed magazines, radio, television, Internet, social networks, friends or family, colleagues); Frequency of use of selected media content (news from public broadcasters, news from private broadcasters, BILD newspaper or other tabloids, regional daily newspaper, national daily newspaper, weekly newspaper, news magazines, illustrated magazines); frequency of use of various Internet offerings (websites or apps); awareness of the TV show ´Aktenzeichen XY´; attention to news about crime; attention to news about crime reaction to reports about crime (fear, anger). Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (GESIS Panel Special Survey) (cy): Likelihood of becoming infected with coronavirus in the next two months (self and social); likelihood of hospitalization if infected with coronavirus; likelihood of infecting others with coronavirus in the next two months; actions taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, washed hands often, used disinfectant, stocked up on supplies, reduced contacts, wore face masks, coronatests, other, none); assessing the effectiveness of various government actions to address the Corona crisis (ensuring medical care, shooting facilities or businesses, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); institutional confidence in dealing with the corona virus (primary care physician, local health authority, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), federal government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO), and scientists); emotional state in the past seven days (nervous, depressed/depressed, lonely, hopeful, physical reactions when thinking about experiences in the corona pandemic); intention to vaccinate against COVID-19; vaccination concerns (concern about not knowing about COVID-19 vaccines, short-term vaccine reactions, negative long-term effects, might not tolerate vaccine, not getting the vaccine that is best for me, no protection against future mutations, none of the COVID-19 vaccines are effective, vaccines not adequately tested, generally opposed to vaccination, other, no concerns); evaluation of corona rules: Voluntarily unvaccinated should pay for coronatest themselves, 2G rule for recreational, 3G rule for recreational, no mask requirement for 3G, vaccination should be mandatory, ability to work from home; proportion of time working from home. LoneCovid - Social contact during COVID-19 (dv): Frequency of out-of-home contact with friends, relatives, or acquaintances in the past two weeks; number of individuals with face-to-face contact in the past two weeks, number of individuals with telephone/video contact in the past two weeks. Additionally coded was: Vignette selection study do: Page number displayed. Wave ja: Subjective well-being (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module) (zb): Life satisfaction (satisfaction with past life, with present life, satisfaction in one year); importance of different areas of life (own family, work, leisure, friends, neighborhood, financial situation, health, politics, religion); satisfaction with the aforementioned areas of life; emotional state in the last week (depressed or depressed, strained, slept restlessly, happy, lonely, enjoyed life, sad, listless). Social and Political Participation (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module) (zc): Interest in politics; political participation (contacted a politician, signed a petition, participated in a demonstration, participated in a citizens´ initiative, bought or boycotted a certain product, participated in a citizens´ initiative, expressed an opinion on political issues, informed on the Internet); intention to vote in the next federal election and voting (Sunday question); Frequency of reception of political news; participation in associations, clubs, and organizations in the past 12 months (sports and recreational club, church or religious organization, association for art, music, cultural, social movement, political party, trade union, youth organization, charity, parent or school association, other); political effectiveness (politics is too complicated, easy to form opinions about political issues, politicians are interested in votes and not in people´s opinions, politicians don´t care what people think); general trust; trust in public institutions or groups of people (Bundestag, federal government, political parties, courts, police, politicians, media, European Union, United Nations, Federal Constitutional Court); satisfaction with democracy; left-right self-rating. Ethnic and German identity of natives and immigrants (bb): Agreement with statements about German culture (spent time finding out more about German culture, feel a strong sense of belonging to German culture, clear about what belonging to German culture means to me, actively did something to better understand German culture, often talked to others to learn more about it, feel a strong sense of belonging to German culture, negative feelings about German culture, desire to belong to other culture, dislike, pride); other culture of origin; personal relationship to this culture of origin (spent time finding out more about it, feel a strong sense of belonging, etc. ); frequency of feeling disadvantaged because of culture of origin; importance of identifying with a culture. Stability and change in Dispositional Envy (df): Envy of others in terms of partner, intelligence, possessions, attractiveness, linguistic expressiveness, purchasing power, popularity, creativity, technical equipment, getting along with others, grasping facts, fuller closet, arriving with others, greater general knowledge, and better neighborhood; high self-esteem; comparison with others of own sex and age in terms of attractiveness, intellectual ability, and financial wealth; comparison with all persons in Germany in terms of the aforementioned characteristics; personal importance of attractiveness, intellectual ability, and financial wealth. Attitudes towards gender-neutral language (dt): Opinion on the use of gender-neutral language. Understanding climate goals: The 2(1.5)C target (dp): Knowledge of 2-degree (or 1.5-degree) target; reference date from which Earth´s average temperature must not change by more than 2°C (or 1.5°C); time period and direction of 2-degree (or 1.5-degree) target. Understanding information privacy behavior on social network sites (SNS) (cw): Use of an online social network; most frequently used online social network; privacy options of most frequently used online social network (limit visibility of updates, remove tags, make profile undetectable, limit profile to people, limit content to people, block people, limit location forwarding, delete personal data); frequency of use of privacy options; rating of privacy options (bad/good, useless/useful, unpleasant/pleasant, uninteresting/interesting; expectation of loved ones to use social network privacy options more; expectation of loved ones to use privacy options; likelihood of privacy options being used by others; agreement with statements about privacy options (people similar to me use them, I am able to use them, it is up to me to use them, under my control); intention to use privacy options; will use privacy options; willingness to use privacy options, plan to use privacy options. GESIS Panel Special Survey Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (cy): Likelihood of becoming infected with coronavirus in the next two months (self and social); likelihood of hospitalization if infected with coronavirus; likelihood of infecting others with coronavirus in the next two months; measures taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, washed hands often, used disinfectant, stocked up on supplies, reduced contacts, wore face mask, corona tests, other, none); assessment of the effectiveness of various government measures to combat the corona crisis (ensuring medical care, closing facilities or businesses, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); institutional confidence in dealing with the corona virus (family doctor, local health authority, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), German government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO), and scientists); emotional state in the last seven days (nervous, down/ depressed, lonely, hopeful, physical reactions when thinking about experiences in the Corona pandemic); COVID-19 Vaccination intention; Vaccination concerns (concern about not knowing about COVID-19 vaccines, short-term vaccine reactions, negative long-term effects, might not tolerate vaccine, not getting the vaccine that is best for me, no protection from future mutations, none of the COVID-19 vaccines are effective, vaccines not adequately tested, generally opposed to vaccination, other vaccination concerns, no concerns); evaluation of various corona rules (voluntary unvaccinated should pay for tests themselves, 2G rule for recreational, 3G rule for recreational, no mask requirement for 3G, vaccination against COVID-19 should be mandatory); ability to work from home; percentage of time working from home. Wave id: GESIS Panel Core Study Module – Panel survey participation evaluation and mode preferences (zi): Attitude towards surveys in general (important for society, provide important insights, waste of time, fun of postal and internet questionnaires, invasion of privacy, fun to be interviewed for surveys, interesting in itself, asked to participate too often, exhausting to answer many questions); opinion about participation in GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor in 2021 (regular conversations with third parties about survey topics, sense of obligation to participate, participation became a habit, suitable, identification with GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor); overall rating of GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor surveys in 2021 and school grade; likelihood of recommendation to friends to participate in GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor; membership in online panels; number of memberships in online panels; Internet access and use: Frequency of use of stationary computer / PC, laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor participation preferences: probability of participation in each case via paper questionnaire, stationary computer / PC or laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; preferred mode of participation. GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module - Demography Update (zh): Sex; age (year of birth); German citizenship; foreign citizenship; marital status; permanent partner(s); joint household with partner(s); highest general education degree; type of vocational training degree; type of higher education institution at which degree was obtained; household size; net personal income; net household income. Demography: religion (study zt): Current or past affiliation with a church or religious community; frequency of attendance at church, mosque, synagogue, or place of worship in the past 12 months; frequency of praying in the past month; religiosity. Dynamics of well-being at retirement (di): receipt of a retirement pension or annuity. Health comparison and life satisfaction/ happiness (dm): Assessment of health status compared to peers. Information and trust (ct): Trust (in people in general, rely on no one nowadays, better be careful with strangers); access to different means of communication (landline telephony, mobile telephony, internet-based telephony/video telephony, SMS/internet-based text messaging); means of communication actually used; time each for work-related contacts and for private contacts via landline telephony, mobile telephony, internet-based telephony and text messaging (hours, minutes - open); number of people with whom work-related communication takes place per week; number of people with whom private communication takes place per week. Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (cy): Likelihood of becoming infected with coronavirus in the next two months (self and social environement); likelihood of hospitalization if infected with coronavirus; likelihood of infecting others with coronavirus in the next two months; actions taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, washed

GESIS Panel - Extended Edition

The GESIS Panel provides a probability-based mixed-mode access panel infrastructure located at GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences in Mannheim, Germany. The project offers the social science community an opportunity to collect survey data from a representative sample of the German population. Submitted study proposals are evaluated based on a scientific review process. Panel members were initially recruited in 2013 in face-to-face interviews followed by a self-administered profile survey. The mode was chosen by the participants. All participants of the profile survey are considered as members of the panel and invited to the bi-monthly regular waves. The starting cohort encompassed 4900 panelists at the beginning of 2014. In order to compensate for panel attrition, a refreshment sample was drawn in 2016, using the General Social Survey (ALLBUS) interview as vehicle. The initial cohort encompasses German speaking respondents aged between 18 and 70 years (at the time of recruitment) and permanently residing in Germany, whereas the second cohort includes respondents from the age of 18 without upper restriction. In 2018 a third recruitment sample was drawn, which was integrated with the wave ge. The third cohort also includes respondents aged 18 and over without an upper limit. Retroactively, cases up to and including wave fc (third wave from 2018) were added to the data. The Data Manual (ZA5664-65_sd_data-manual) has been reissued and there is a corresponding recruitment report (ZA5664-65_mb_recruitment2018). The ALLBUS Sample is based on a disproportional sampling of respondents from the western and eastern part of Germany. A design weight that enables integration of the two recruitment cohorts is included into the dataset. For more details, please see the methods reports of the recruitment processes and die GESIS Panel reference paper (Bosnjak et al., 2017). In March 2020, a special GESIS panel survey was conducted on the SARS-CoV-2 resp. COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak in Germany. In 2021, the fourth recruitment sample was drawn using the German International Social Survey Programme (ISSP), which was integrated with wave ja. The fourth cohort also includes respondents aged 18 and older with no upper limit. For more information, see the corresponding recruitment report (ZA5664-65_r_i12.pdf). GESIS Panel Demographic Dataset Starting with version 43-0-0 the longitudinal demographic dataset became part of the dissemination package. The dataset is a longitudinal dataset (long format), with harmonized measurements on demographic variables: Respondent ID; timepoint of survey; corresponding wave; survey year; recruitment cohort; sex of respondent; year of birth; month of birth; highest level of education; personal net income; household net income; marital status; AAPOR disposition code; mode of invitation; mode of participation.The following description of the contents begins with the most recent wave. Part of every survey for all respondents (except in the Recruitment Interview): mode of invitation; mode of participation; date of the beginning an the end of the fieldwork; break during the survey and its duration; date, on wich the questionnaire was completed; estimated duration; mode of participation; place of participation (at home or somewhere else); duration of the questionnaie (online); page history and last completed page (online); time needed to complete each page (online); date of receipt; shape and version of the received questionnaire (offline); AAPOR wave code; disposition code (online); conceptual stimulus of the question (through wave bb); comprehensability of the questions; from on wave ba: difficulties in answering the questions; other people present during the interview; respondents feedback; from on wave aa: JavaScript version; Flash version; Browser information: User Agent String (UAS); from on wave cb: experimental variable: groups; from on wave ec: recruitment cohort and weight; survey evaluation (part of every panel wave): respondents evaluation of the questionnaire. Wave db closes with study zq on survey evaluation, which is a GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study and is part of every panel wave. Respondents paradata are documented in a separate csv file (see codebook). Wave jb: Environmental attitudes and behaviors (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module) (zd): Attitudes towards the relationship between people and the environment (NEP scale: Approaching maximum number of people that can be fed by earth, right of people to adapt environment to their needs, consequences of human intervention in nature, human ingenuity will prevent uninhabitability of earth, abuse of environment by people, enough natural resources, equal right of plants and animals to live as humans, balance of nature stable enough, humans subject to laws of nature, environmental crisis greatly exaggerated, earth is like a spaceship with limited space and resources, humans destined to rule over nature, delicate balance of nature, humans will be able to control nature, heading for environmental disaster); willingness to pay for environmental protection (higher prices, higher taxes, sacrifice of standard of living). Energy turnaround: Attitude towards the energy transition (renewable energies not sufficient to supply industrialized countries, does more harm than good, move away from fossil fuels as quickly as possible, renewable energies make Germany independent of other countries, large power plants essential for power supply, future lies in renewable energies, energy-saving measures are exaggerated, danger from nuclear power plants, energy transition destroys Germany as an industrial location, no alternative to conversion); opinion on the nuclear phase-out; opinion on the pace of climate protection policy in Germany (moving forward vs. adapting to other countries); seriousness of the problem of climate change. Mobility and transport: frequency of use of different means of transport (car, bicycle, bus or train in the region, train on longer journeys). Awareness of sustainable consumption: purchase of organic and regional food in the last week; purchase of green electricity. Personality and personal values (GESIS Panel Core Study Module) (ze): Psychological self-characterization (Big 5: reserved, trusting, comfortable, relaxed, little artistic interest, sociable, inclined to criticize, thorough, nervous, active imagination); personal value preferences (scale: Conservation, emphasizing one´s own accomplishments, forming opinions, traditionalism, tolerance, wealth, strong state, acquiring knowledge, helping people, new experiences, giving directions for action, obeying laws, caring for others´ needs, freedom of action, desire for recognition of one´s accomplishments, justice, figuring things out). Attitude toward refugees (zj): Compassion for refugees; sympathy for refugees; importance of refugees for collective values and prosperity in Germany (threat vs. enrichment); willingness to cooperate with refugees; preference for refugees in living environment. European solidarity in times of war in Ukraine (du): Attachment to the European Union (EU); attitude toward the EU admission procedure of Ukraine (admit in fast-track, admit regularly, do not admit); agreement with various statements (Russia threat to peace in Europe, Germany should admit Ukrainian refugees, Germany should help host countries of Ukrainian refugees); fears related to the war in Ukraine (Russia attacks other countries, war in Germany). European solidarity in times of war in Ukraine (do): Agreement with various statements about democracy and democratic decision-making procedures (experts should make political decisions, all citizens should have equal influence on decisions, conflicts cannot be solved by discussion, in a democracy there should be no elites, deputies should decide according to their conscience, common good more important than own interest, agreement among the population means right decision, most important goal of democratic politics must be social and economic equality, make decisions alone behind closed doors, make decisions in discussion, disputes between different interest groups harm the common good, decision is struggle of different interests, government should implement measures even if they are rejected, reasons behind opinion are important, majority decision must be valid, deputies should represent social classes); experience with politics (conversations help me develop my opinion on political issues, important arguments are taken seriously, important arguments are considered, changing laws when they are rejected is important, in Germany the Bundestag changes laws when they are no longer supported by a majority of the population. Vignette experiment: assess political systems with different forms of (a) participation, (b) decision-making, (c) types of representation, and (d) jurisdiction in terms of democratic quality and performance. Crime reporting. Journalistic content, use and impact (cz): Precautions to protect against crime (leaving home after dark only if absolutely necessary, avoiding certain places, avoiding strangers after dark, avoiding public transportation in the evening, carrying mace, gun, or knife); fear of victimization: Frequency of fear of burglary, being beaten or injured, being injured or killed by a terrorist attack; likelihood of these events in the next 12 months; assessment of crime trends in the last 10 years and in the next 10 years; assessment of trends in violent crime in the last 10 years and in the next 10 years; appropriateness of sentences imposed; source of information about crime (printed newspapers, printed magazines, radio, television, Internet, social networks, friends or family, colleagues); Frequency of use of selected media content (news from public broadcasters, news from private broadcasters, BILD newspaper or other tabloids, regional daily newspaper, national daily newspaper, weekly newspaper, news magazines, illustrated magazines); frequency of use of various Internet offerings (websites or apps); awareness of the TV show ´Aktenzeichen XY´; attention to news about crime; attention to news about crime reaction to reports about crime (fear, anger). Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (GESIS Panel Special Survey) (cy): Likelihood of becoming infected with coronavirus in the next two months (self and social); likelihood of hospitalization if infected with coronavirus; likelihood of infecting others with coronavirus in the next two months; actions taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, washed hands often, used disinfectant, stocked up on supplies, reduced contacts, wore face masks, coronatests, other-open, none); assessing the effectiveness of various government actions to address the Corona crisis (ensuring medical care, shooting facilities or businesses, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); institutional confidence in dealing with the corona virus (primary care physician, local health authority, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), federal government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO), and scientists); emotional state in the past seven days (nervous, depressed/depressed, lonely, hopeful, physical reactions when thinking about experiences in the corona pandemic); intention to vaccinate against COVID-19; vaccination concerns (concern about not knowing about COVID-19 vaccines, short-term vaccine reactions, negative long-term effects, might not tolerate vaccine, not getting the vaccine that is best for me, no protection against future mutations, none of the COVID-19 vaccines are effective, vaccines not adequately tested, generally opposed to vaccination, other-open, no concerns); evaluation of corona rules: Voluntarily unvaccinated should pay for coronatest themselves, 2G rule for recreational, 3G rule for recreational, no mask requirement for 3G, vaccination should be mandatory, ability to work from home; proportion of time working from home. LoneCovid - Social contact during COVID-19 (dv): Frequency of out-of-home contact with friends, relatives, or acquaintances in the past two weeks; number of individuals with face-to-face contact in the past two weeks, number of individuals with telephone/video contact in the past two weeks. Additionally coded was: Vignette selection study do: Page number displayed. Wave ja: Subjective well-being (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module) (zb): Life satisfaction (satisfaction with past life, with present life, satisfaction in one year); importance of different areas of life (own family, work, leisure, friends, neighborhood, financial situation, health, politics, religion); satisfaction with the aforementioned areas of life; emotional state in the last week (depressed or depressed, strained, slept restlessly, happy, lonely, enjoyed life, sad, listless). Social and Political Participation (GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module) (zc): Interest in politics; political participation (contacted a politician, signed a petition, participated in a demonstration, participated in a citizens´ initiative, bought or boycotted a certain product, participated in a citizens´ initiative, expressed an opinion on political issues, informed on the Internet); intention to vote in the next federal election and voting (Sunday question); Frequency of reception of political news; participation in associations, clubs, and organizations in the past 12 months (sports and recreational club, church or religious organization, association for art, music, cultural, social movement, political party, trade union, youth organization, charity, parent or school association, other); political effectiveness (politics is too complicated, easy to form opinions about political issues, politicians are interested in votes and not in people´s opinions, politicians don´t care what people think); general trust; trust in public institutions or groups of people (Bundestag, federal government, political parties, courts, police, politicians, media, European Union, United Nations, Federal Constitutional Court); satisfaction with democracy; left-right self-rating. Ethnic and German identity of natives and immigrants (bb): Agreement with statements about German culture (spent time finding out more about German culture, feel a strong sense of belonging to German culture, clear about what belonging to German culture means to me, actively did something to better understand German culture, often talked to others to learn more about it, feel a strong sense of belonging to German culture, negative feelings about German culture, desire to belong to other culture, dislike, pride); other culture of origin (open); personal relationship to this culture of origin (spent time finding out more about it, feel a strong sense of belonging, etc. ); frequency of feeling disadvantaged because of culture of origin; importance of identifying with a culture. Stability and change in Dispositional Envy (df): Envy of others in terms of partner, intelligence, possessions, attractiveness, linguistic expressiveness, purchasing power, popularity, creativity, technical equipment, getting along with others, grasping facts, fuller closet, arriving with others, greater general knowledge, and better neighborhood; high self-esteem; comparison with others of own sex and age in terms of attractiveness, intellectual ability, and financial wealth; comparison with all persons in Germany in terms of the aforementioned characteristics; personal importance of attractiveness, intellectual ability, and financial wealth. Attitudes towards gender-neutral language (dt): Opinion on the use of gender-neutral language. Understanding climate goals: The 2(1.5)C target (dp): Knowledge of 2-degree (or 1.5-degree) target; reference date from which Earth´s average temperature must not change by more than 2°C (or 1.5°C); time period and direction of 2-degree (or 1.5-degree) target. Understanding information privacy behavior on social network sites (SNS) (cw): Use of an online social network; most frequently used online social network; privacy options of most frequently used online social network (limit visibility of updates, remove tags, make profile undetectable, limit profile to people, limit content to people, block people, limit location forwarding, delete personal data); frequency of use of privacy options; rating of privacy options (bad/good, useless/useful, unpleasant/pleasant, uninteresting/interesting; expectation of loved ones to use social network privacy options more; expectation of loved ones to use privacy options; likelihood of privacy options being used by others; agreement with statements about privacy options (people similar to me use them, I am able to use them, it is up to me to use them, under my control); intention to use privacy options; will use privacy options; willingness to use privacy options, plan to use privacy options. GESIS Panel Special Survey Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (cy): Likelihood of becoming infected with coronavirus in the next two months (self and social); likelihood of hospitalization if infected with coronavirus; likelihood of infecting others with coronavirus in the next two months; measures taken in the last seven days (avoided certain places, kept distance, washed hands often, used disinfectant, stocked up on supplies, reduced contacts, wore face mask, corona tests, other - open, none); assessment of the effectiveness of various government measures to combat the corona crisis (ensuring medical care, closing facilities or businesses, reducing economic damage, communicating with the population); institutional confidence in dealing with the corona virus (family doctor, local health authority, Robert Koch Institute (RKI), German government, German Chancellor, Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO), and scientists); emotional state in the last seven days (nervous, down/ depressed, lonely, hopeful, physical reactions when thinking about experiences in the Corona pandemic); COVID-19 Vaccination intention; Vaccination concerns (concern about not knowing about COVID-19 vaccines, short-term vaccine reactions, negative long-term effects, might not tolerate vaccine, not getting the vaccine that is best for me, no protection from future mutations, none of the COVID-19 vaccines are effective, vaccines not adequately tested, generally opposed to vaccination, other vaccination concerns - open, no concerns); evaluation of various corona rules (voluntary unvaccinated should pay for tests themselves, 2G rule for recreational, 3G rule for recreational, no mask requirement for 3G, vaccination against COVID-19 should be mandatory); ability to work from home; percentage of time working from home. Wave id: GESIS Panel Core Study Module – Panel survey participation evaluation and mode preferences (zi): Attitude towards surveys in general (important for society, provide important insights, waste of time, fun of postal and internet questionnaires, invasion of privacy, fun to be interviewed for surveys, interesting in itself, asked to participate too often, exhausting to answer many questions); mention of the three most important reasons for participating in the GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor (open); opinion about participation in GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor in 2021 (regular conversations with third parties about survey topics, sense of obligation to participate, participation became a habit, suitable, identification with GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor); overall rating of GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor surveys in 2021 and school grade; likelihood of recommendation to friends to participate in GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor; membership in online panels; number of memberships in online panels; Internet access and use: Frequency of use of stationary computer / PC, laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor participation preferences: probability of participation in each case via paper questionnaire, stationary computer / PC or laptop, tablet PC and smartphone; preferred mode of participation. GESIS Panel Longitudinal Core Study Module - Demography Update (zh): Sex; age (year of birth); German citizenship; foreign citizenship; marital status; permanent partner(s); joint household with partner(s); highest general education degree; type of vocational training degree; type of higher education institution at which degree was obtained; household size; net personal income; net household income. Demography: religion (study zt): Current or past affiliation with a church or religious community; frequency of attendance at church, mosque, synagogue, or place of worship in the past 12 months; frequency of praying in the past month; religiosity. Dynamics of well-being at retirement (di): receipt of a retirement pension or annuity; start date (month and year). Health comparison and life satisfaction/ happiness (dm): Assessment of health status compared to peers. Information and trust (ct): Trust (in people in general, rely on no one nowadays, better be careful with strangers); access to different means of communication (landline telephony, mobile telephony, internet-based telephony/video telephony, SMS/internet-based text messaging); means of communication actually used; time each for work-related contacts and for private contacts via landline telephony, mobile telephony, internet-based telephony and text messaging (hours, minutes - open); number of people with whom work-related communication takes place per week; number of people with whom private communication takes place per week. Coronavirus outbreak in Germany (cy): Likelihood of becoming infected with coronavirus in the next two months (self and social environement); likelihood of hospitalizati

GESIS Panel - Campus File

The following description of the contents begins with the most recent wave. Part of every survey for all respondents (except in the Recruitment Interview): mode of invitation; mode of participation; date of the beginning an the end of the fieldwork; AAPOR wave code; survey evaluation (interesting, diverse, important for science, long, difficult, too personal) and overall survey evaluation; comprehensability of the questions; conceptual stimulus of the question (through wave bb); break during the survey and its duration; other people present during the interview; participation location (from home or from another place); participation device; feedback of the respondent; date on which the questionnaire was completed; estimated duration; starting with wave bd: difficulties to understand the questionnaire; difficulties to find answers. Wave bf: Panel survey participation; evaluation; mode preferences. Internet access; internet usage. Inheritance taxes and motives of intergenerational transfers within families. Memory: Metacognitive Prospective Memory Battery (MPMB). Demography (update). Wave be: Media Usage: Social network usage. Work and Leisure. Pro-environmental Behavior in High Cost Situations: financial investments. Leisure travel; Subjective well-being. Wave bd: Personality and personal values. Beauty-related actions: Social and individual predictors of doing beauty. Conceptions of democracy: Citizens conception of democracy; Political participation. Leisure travel; Subjective well-being. Wave bc: Environment and society: Environmental attitudes and behavior. Elections in the European Union. A short version of the Metacognitive Prospective Memory Battery (MPMBs). Leisure travel; Subjective well-being. Wave bb: Social and political participation. Elections in the European Union. International panel comparison: online part of the GESIS Panel, the GIP in Germany, the Dutch LISS Panel, and the ELIPSS in France. Positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) scale. Additional survey evaluation. Wave ba: Subjective well-being. Environmental spatial strategies. Question design experiments: Cross-national replication. Additional survey evaluation. Welcoming Interview: Media usage: Sources; Political interest. Place of residence: Characteristics of and personal satisfaction with the residential environment. Leisure and work: Priorities; Concepts. Recruitment Interview: Life satisfaction; Social trust; Internet usage; Work and leisure; Invitation to the panel; Demography.Darstellung der Inhalte in absteigender Reihenfolge (von neuen zu älteren Wellen). Für alle Befragungen (abweichend nur die Rekrutierungsbefragung) wird erhoben: Einladungsmodus; Teilnahmemodus; Datum Feldstart und Feldende; AAPOR Wave Code; Fragebogenevaluation (interessant, abwechslungsreich, wichtig für Wissenschaft, lang, schwierig, zu persönlich) und Gesamtbewertung des Fragebogens; Verständlichkeit der Fragen; gedankliche Anregung durch die Fragen; Teilnahmeunterbrechung und Dauer der Unterbrechung; Anwesende während des Interviews; Teilnahmeort (zuhause, anderer Ort); Teilnahmegerät; Feedback des Befragten; Datum, an dem der Fragebogen ausgefüllt wurde; geschätzte Dauer; ab Welle bd: Schwierigkeiten beim Verständnis des Fragebogens; Schwierigkeiten Antworten zu finden. Welle bf: Panelteilnahme, Panelevaluation: Einstellung zu Umfragen im Allgemeinen (Skala); Meinung zur Teilnahme am GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor im Jahr 2014 (regelmäßige Gespräche mit Dritten über Umfragethemen, Verpflichtungsgefühl zur Teilnahme, Teilnahme wurde zur Gewohnheit, passend, Identifikation mit GESIS GesellschaftsMonitor, Umfragen wichtig für die Gesellschaft, liefern wichtige Erkenntnisse, Zeitverschwendung, Spaß am Ausfüllen, Eingriff in die Privatsphäre, interessant, zu oft um Teilnahme gebeten worden, anstrengend); Gesamtbewertung der Befragungen des GESIS GesellschaftsMonitors und Schulnote; Einschätzung der Empfehlungswahrscheinlichkeit des GESIS GesellschaftsMonitors an Freunde; Mitgliedschaft in Online-Panels; Anzahl der Mitgliedschaften in Online-Panels. Internetzugang und Internetnutzung: Besitz von stationärem Computer / PC, Laptop, Tablet-PC und Smartphone; Nutzungshäufigkeit dieser Geräte; Internetzugriff mit diesen Geräten von zuhause und von unterwegs; Panel Teilnahmepräferenzen: Teilnahmewahrscheinlichkeit jeweils per Papierfragebogen, stationärem Computer / PC oder Laptop, Tablet-PC und Smartphone; präferierter Teilnahmemodus. Einstellungen zum Thema Erbschaftssteuern, Motive des generationsübergreifenden Transfers innerhalb von Familien (Intergenerationentransfer): Befürwortung einer Steuerpflicht auf Erbschaften; Meinung zu einer Erbschaftssteuervergünstigung für Pflegende; Meinung zu ausgewählten Aussagen: Ältere schrecken vor frühzeitiger Vermögensübertragung zurück aus Sorge vor Abhängigkeit von ihren Kindern, Eltern stocken Ersparnisse bei gestiegener Staatsverschuldung auf, um zukünftige Steuerlasten ihrer Kinder abzumildern (Ricardianische Äquivalenz), keine Lebensveränderung bei Erhalt der Erbschaft, weil Lebensentscheidungen vorher getroffen wurden; Meinung zur verpflichtenden finanziellen Starthilfe von Eltern für ihre Kinder (moralische Verpflichtung, falls selbst Starthilfe erhalten versus keinerlei Verpflichtung); Meinung zum Ausbau des staatlichen Betreuungsangebotes für Kinder unter 3 Jahren (zu starke Einmischung des Staates schwächt den Zusammenhalt der Familien versus Familien können Betreuung nicht selber leisten); vermuteter Grund für eine Vermögensübertragung zu Lebzeiten; antizipierte Verteilung von Erbschaften an Haushalte (Haushalte mit hohem Einkommen, mit niedrigem Einkommen oder an Haushalte aller Einkommensklassen); Kenntnistest: geschätzte Höhe der von Kindern zu zahlenden Erbschaftsteuer für geerbte Bankguthaben in Höhe von jeweils 100.000 Euro und 1 Mio. Euro; Selbsteinschätzung des Familienzusammenhalts; Anzahl der Generationen im Haushalt; räumliche bzw. zeitliche Distanz zu den Eltern; subjektive Einschätzung Vergesslichkeit (Metacognitive Prospective Memory Battery Capacity) und Anwendungshäufigkeit ausgewählter Alltagsstrategien gegen vergessen (MPMB Strategies). Demographie (Update): Geschlecht; Alter (kategorisiert); deutsche Staatsangehörigkeit; ausländische Staatsangehörigkeit; Familienstand; fester Lebenspartner; gemeinsamer Haushalt mit dem Lebenspartner; höchster allgemeinbildender Schulabschluss; derzeitiger Ausbildungsstatus (berufliche Ausbildung oder Studium); Hochschulabschluss oder Universitätsabschluss; Art des höchsten Hochschul- bzw. Universitätsabschlusses; höchster beruflicher Ausbildungsabschluss; Haushaltsgröße; Anzahl der Kinder unter 16 Jahren im Haushalt; monatliches Nettoeinkommen und Haushaltsnettoeinkommen (kategorisiert). Welle be: Medien: Ausstattung mit elektronischen Geräten oder Internetmöglichkeiten (Fernsehgeräte, DVD-/Blu-ray Player, Festplattenrecorder, Spielekonsole, Radiogerät zu Hause, im Auto bzw. mit Internetzugang, stationärer Computer / PC, Laptop / Notebook, Tablet-PC, Festnetztelefon, normales Handy, Smartphone / iPhone, Internetzugang bzw. WLAN zu Hause, Cloud genutzt, Internetzugang im Auto); Nutzungshäufigkeit ausgewählter Medien (Fernsehen, DVD /Video, Kino, Bücher, Tageszeitung und Zeitschriften gedruckt bzw. als E-Book-Reader, online oder als Digitalausgabe, Hören von Radio, Musik-CDs, Musikkassetten oder MP3s, Handy / Smartphone, Computernutzung offline, Internet bzw. Onlinedienste nutzen, Erstellen von digitalen Filmen oder Fotos bzw. von Videos); Häufigkeit der Internetnutzung für private Zwecke; persönlich wichtige Kriterien bzw. Möglichkeiten des Internets. Mitgliedschaft und Aktivität in sozialen Netzwerken: Mitgliedschaft in einem sozialen Netzwerk; Nutzungshäufigkeit des am häufigsten genutzten sozialen Netzwerks; Art und Häufigkeit der Aktivitäten in sozialen Netzwerken im Kontakt mit Freunden oder Bekannten und mit Organisationen, Vereinen oder Initiativen. Beruf und Freizeit: Erwerbssituation; Arbeitszufriedenheit; Beruf: Anteil der Arbeitszeit in sitzender Tätigkeit; Anteil der Arbeitszeit mit persönlichen Sozialkontakten; Tätigkeitsbeschreibung (schnell arbeiten, großes Arbeitspensum, häufig technische Störungen im Arbeitsablauf, organisatorische Probleme, Gefühle von anderen Menschen verstehen, stark konzentrieren, körperlich schwer arbeiten, dazulernen und sich weiterentwickeln, Angst vor Arbeitsplatzverlust, Entscheidungsautonomie, Kollegen und Vorgesetzte helfen, Positives für andere Menschen bewirken, wichtige Rolle im Leben, häufig durch Arbeit erschöpft); Häufigkeit der gedanklichen Beschäftigung mit der Arbeit in der Freizeit; Führungsfunktion; befristeter oder unbefristeter Arbeitsvertrag; berufliche Tätigkeit bzw. Stellung; Branche (NACE); Zufriedenheit mit der Freizeit; Häufigkeit ausgewählter Freizeitaktivitäten (nützliche Kontakte knüpfen, entspannen, Kenntnisse erwerben oder weiterentwickeln, körperlich fit halten, anderen helfen oder ehrenamtlich engagieren, Hobby ausüben, Zeit mit der Familie). Wochenmärkte: Häufigkeit von Wochenmarkteinkäufen; Lebensmitteleinkauf auf Wochenmärkten in den letzten zwei Monaten; Einkaufshäufigkeit von Lebensmitteln regionaler Hersteller und aus biologisch-kontrolliertem Anbau auf Wochenmärkten; Meinung zu ausgewählten Aussagen zu Wochenmärkten (Lebensmittel zu teuer, begrenztes Angebot an Lebensmitteln, schlecht erreichbar, Lebensmittel von hoher Qualität); Wahrscheinlichkeit eines Wochenmarkteinkaufs in den nächsten vier Wochen; positive Bewertung des Einkaufs regionaler Produkte durch Familie und Freunde; gutes Gefühl beim Einkauf regionaler Produkte; Wahrscheinlichkeit des Einkaufs von Bio-Lebensmitteln beim nächsten Einkauf; Meinung zu Bio-Produkten (zu teuer, gutes Gefühl beim Einkauf, positiver Umweltbeitrag durch den Kauf von Bio-Produkten). Geldanlage: Präferierte Geldanlage für die mittelfristige Investition von 10.000 Euro im Hinblick auf Umweltverträglichkeit und Nachhaltigkeit, jeweils anhand von zwei Alternativvorschlägen mit gleichen Verwaltungskosten und vergleichbaren Risiken (Alternative A: Geldanlage in Unternehmen ohne Berücksichtigung ihrer Umweltverträglichkeit und Nachhaltigkeit mit einer Verzinsung von 5 Prozent (7,5 Prozent, 10 Prozent) pro Jahr versus Alternative B: Geldanlage ausschließlich in Unternehmen, die besonderen Wert auf Umweltverträglichkeit und Nachhaltigkeit legen bei einer jeweiligen Verzinsung von 5 Prozent pro Jahr); positive Bewertung der Investition in umweltfreundliche Unternehmen durch Familie und Freunde; Glück (Skalometer); Lebenszufriedenheit (Skalometer). Urlaub: Urlaubsstatus; private Urlaubsreise in den letzten zwei Monaten; Monat der Rückkehr von dieser Urlaubsreise; Zufriedenheit mit der Urlaubsreise (Skalometer); Zufriedenheit mit ausgewählten Aspekten der Urlaubsreise (Zeit mit Anderen, Alltagssorgen vergessen, Entspannung und Erholung, Erlebnisse außerhalb des Alltags, verwöhnen lassen, zur Ruhe kommen, Natur genießen, Spaß, Shoppen, Spannendes erleben, Herausforderung, neue Leute kennenlernen, eigene Fähigkeiten zeigen, andere Kulturen erleben, Neues lernen, neue Fähigkeiten erwerben, eigene Fähigkeiten unter Beweis stellen, Sport treiben, Unabhängigkeit). Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Experimentalvariable. Welle bd: Psychologische Selbstcharakterisierung (Big 5: reserviert, vertrauensvoll, faul, entspannt, wenig künstlerisches Interesse, gesellig, Kritikneigung, gründlich, nervös, aktive Vorstellungskraft); persönliche Wertepräferenzen (Skala: Naturschutz, Hervorheben der eigenen Leistungen, Meinungsbildung, Traditionalismus, Toleranz, Reichtum, starker Staat, Wissenserwerb, Menschen helfen, neue Erfahrungen, Handlungsanweisungen geben, Gesetze befolgen, sich um jedes Bedürfnis anderer kümmern, Handlungsfreiheit, Wunsch nach Anerkennung der eigenen Leistung, Gerechtigkeit, Dinge ergründen); täglich genutzte Körperpflegeprodukte; Häufigkeit des Zähneputzens, von Sport und Solariumbesuchen; derzeitige Haarfarbe bei gefärbten oder getönten Haaren; Wichtigkeit modischer Kleidung; durchgeführte Diät; wöchentlich enthaarte Körperregionen; Anzahl Piercings; Anzahl Tätowierungen; Arten durchgeführter Schönheitsoperationen; intensive Auseinandersetzung mit dem Thema Schönheitsoperationen; Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Schönheitsoperation; Selbsteinschätzung der Attraktivität; Einstellung zu Attraktivität (Skala: äußeres Erscheinungsbild fällt zuerst auf, attraktiven Menschen fliegt alles zu, Veränderung als einzige Möglichkeit für Zufriedenheit mit dem eigenen Aussehen, Wunschaussehen würde Leben vereinfachen, Medienbotschaften verhindern Zufriedenheit mit dem äußeren Erscheinungsbild, Bestes geben für möglichst gutes Aussehen); Selbsteinschätzung der Schichtzugehörigkeit; Körpergewicht in Kilogramm und Körpergröße in Zentimetern (Kategorien); Meinung zum politischen System in Deutschland (beste Form der Demokratie, bei der gewählte Politiker alle Entscheidungen fällen, Politiker entscheiden im Interesse der Bürger, Parlament als beste Institution zur Gesetzgebung); Meinung zur politischen Entscheidungsfindung (Abfragen von Bürgerpräferenzen, durch Experten, Bürgerbeteiligung bei wichtigen politischen Entscheidungen, Bürgerdiskussionen fördern und in Entscheidung einbeziehen, gewählte Politiker entscheiden, Bürger entscheiden); präferierter Weg der politischen Entscheidungsfindung: Diskussionen und Debatten vor Entscheidungen versus Entscheidungen fällen anstelle von Diskussionen und Debatten; präferierte Entscheidungsträger: Bürger versus gewählte Politiker, gewählte Politiker versus politisch unabhängige Experten, politisch unabhängige Experten versus Bürger); politische Partizipation: Teilnahmehäufigkeit an ausgewählten politischen Aktivitäten; Bereitschaft zu politischer Partizipation; subjektives Wohlbefinden: glücklich im gegenwärtigen Leben (Skalometer); Lebenszufriedenheit (Skalometer). Urlaub: Urlaubsstatus; private Urlaubsreise im Sommer 2014; Monat des Urlaubsendes; Nutzungshäufigkeit ausgewählter Möglichkeiten um Urlaubserfahrungen zu teilen (z.B. Telefonate, E-Mails, Blogeinträge, Erstellen von Urlaubsfotoalben im Internet, u.a.); Zufriedenheit mit der Urlaubsreise (Skalometer); Zufriedenheit mit ausgewählten Aspekten der Urlaubsreise (Zeit mit Anderen, Alltagssorgen vergessen, Entspannen, Erlebnisse außerhalb des Alltags, verwöhnen lassen, zur Ruhe kommen, Natur genießen, Spaß, Shoppen, Spannendes erleben, Herausforderung, neue Leute kennenlernen, eigene Fähigkeiten zeigen, andere Kulturen erleben, Neues lernen, neue Fähigkeiten erwerben, eigene Fähigkeiten unter Beweis stellen, Sport treiben, Unabhängigkeit); weitere Urlaubsreise geplant; Vorfreude auf diese Urlaubsreise; Monat des Urlaubsbeginns; bereits erfolgte Urlaubsplanung hinsichtlich Anreise, Unterkunft, Verpflegung bzw. Urlaubsaktivitäten; Gründe, warum keine Urlaubsreise unternommen wurde. Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Body-Mass-Index (BMI). Welle bc: Einstellungen zur Umwelt und Umweltverhalten: Großstadtnähe der Wohngegend; empfundene Beeinträchtigung durch Umwelteinflüsse (Lärmbelästigung, Luftverschmutzung, fehlende Grünflächen); Einstellung zum Verhältnis zwischen Mensch und Umwelt (New Ecological Paradigm Scale); Zahlungsbereitschaft für den Umweltschutz in Bezug auf höhere Preise und Steuern und Abstriche vom Lebensstandard; Einstellung zur Energiewende (Skala); Meinung zum Atomausstieg; Deutschland sollte in der Klimaschutzpolitik vorangehen versus sich dem Tempo anderer Länder anpassen; Einschätzung des Klimawandels als ernstes Problem; Besitz einer Zeitkarte für den öffentlichen Personennahverkehr; Verfügbarkeit eines Autos; Nutzungshäufigkeit von Auto, Fahrrad, Bus oder Bahn in der Region sowie der Bahn auf längeren Strecken; Flugzeugnutzung im letzten Jahr für Privatreisen; Einkauf von Bio-Lebensmitteln und regionalem Obst und Gemüse in der letzten Woche; Bezug von Ökostrom. Wahlbeteiligung und Wahlentscheidung (Recall) bei der Europawahl am 25. Mai; Zufriedenheit mit den Leistungen der Bundesregierung; Zufriedenheit mit den Entscheidungen der EU; Selbsteinstufung Links-Rechts; Links-Rechts-Einstufung der Parteien CDU, CSU, SPD, FDP, Die Linke, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen und Alternative für Deutschland (AfD); Meinung zur Europäischen Einigung; Einstufung der vorgenannten Parteien hinsichtlich ihrer Haltung zur Europäischen Einigung; Verantwortung von Institutionen für die wirtschaftliche Lage in Deutschland (Bundesregierung, Internationaler Währungsfonds (IWF, IMF), Banken, Europäische Union); Wahlbeteiligung und Wahlentscheidung bei der Bundestagswahl 2013 (Erststimme und Zweitstimme, Recall); Wahrscheinlichkeit die Parteien CDU/CSU, SPD, FDP, Die Linke, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen und Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) zu wählen. Subjektive Einschätzung Vergesslichkeit (Metacognitive Prospective Memory Battery Capacity) und Anwendungshäufigkeit ausgewählter Alltagsstrategien gegen vergessen (MPMB Strategies). Subjektives Wohlbefinden: glücklich im derzeitigen Leben; Lebenszufriedenheit. Urlaubsreisen: Urlaubsstatus; geplante Urlaubsgestaltung im Sommer; Vorfreude auf die Urlaubsreise; Beginn (Monat) der nächsten Urlaubsreise; existierende Urlaubsplanung für Anreise, Unterkunft, Verpflegung und Urlaubsaktivitäten; Wichtigkeit ausgewählter Urlaubsmotive. Welle bb: Politikinteresse; politische Partizipation im letzten Jahr; Beteiligung an der letzten Kommunalwahl, Bürgermeisterwahl, Landtagswahl, Bundestagswahl und Europawahl; Wahlbeteiligungsabsicht und Wahlentscheidung bei der nächsten Bundestagwahl (Sonntagsfrage); Häufigkeit der Rezeption politischer Nachrichten; Häufigkeit der Internetnutzung für private Zwecke; Internetnutzung zur Informationssuche (über Freunde, Sport, Kunst oder Freizeitaktivitäten, Arbeit, Studieren oder Weiterbildung, Produkte, Einkäufe, soziale oder politische Themen sowie über Dienste oder Dienstleistungen); Häufigkeit der politischen Internetnutzung (Meinungsäußerung, Diskussionen, Weiterleiten von E-Mails, Unterschreiben einer Petition, soziale oder politische Beteiligung, Information über soziale und politische Themen; Nutzungshäufigkeit sozialer Netzwerke (Facebook, Twitter, andere); Häufigkeit der Beteiligung in Verbänden, Vereinen und Organisationen im letzten Jahr; Kontakthäufigkeit mit Freunden im letzten Jahr; Häufigkeit nachbarschaftlicher Kontakte (gegenseitige Besuche, Nachbarschaftshilfe, Streit mit Nachbarn); Wichtigkeit ausgewählter Lebensbereiche (Familie, Freunde und Bekannte, Freizeit, Politik, Arbeit und Religion); politische Wirksamkeit (Skala); Bürgerschaftsnormen (Skala: Solidarität mit schlechter Gestellten, Beteiligung an Wahlen, keine Steuerhinterziehung, Meinungsbildung unabhängig von anderen, Gesetze befolgen, aktiv in Organisationen und Vereinen, eigene Meinung kritisch überprüfen); Institutionenvertrauen (Bundestag, Bundesregierung, politische Parteien, Gerichte, Polizei, Politiker, Medien, Europäische Union, Vereinte Nationen, Bundesverfassungsgericht); allgemeines Personenvertrauen; Demokratiezufriedenheit; Parteiidentifikation und Stärke der Parteiidentifikation; Besorgnis im Hinblick auf die Begleichung von Rechnungen, die Reduzierung des Lebensstandards, den Job sowie die Abzahlung von Bankkrediten und Hypotheken; Meinung zu deutscher Krisenhilfe für andere EU-Mitgliedsstaaten; Lebenszufriedenheit; Glück; Häufigkeit von Treffen mit Freunden, Verwandten oder Arbeitskollegen; Teilnahme an geselligen Ereignissen im Vergleich zu Gleichaltrigen; Aktivitäten in den letzten zwölf Monaten (Ehrenamt, Fort- oder Weiterbildungskurs, Vereinstätigkeit bzw. in einer politischen Organisation oder Bürgerinitiative, Lesen von Büchern, Magazinen oder Zeitungen, Lösen von Kreuzwort- oder Zahlenrätsel, Kartenspiele oder andere Spiele); Gefühl persönlicher Wertschätzung von Nahestehenden; Zufriedenheit mit der Wirtschaftslage in Deutschland; Zufriedenheit mit den Leistungen der Bundesregierung; Forderung nach einer staatlichen Verringerung von Einkommensunterschieden; Beurteilung der allgemeinen Wirtschaftslage in Deutschland und der finanziellen Situation des eigenen Haushalts im Vergleich mit vergangenem Jahr und erwartete zukünftige Entwicklung im kommenden Jahr; allgemeine Gefühlslage (aktiv, bekümmert, interessiert, freudig erregt, verärgert, stark, schuldig, erschrocken, feindselig, angeregt, stolz, gereizt, begeistert, beschämt, wach, nervös, entschlossen, aufmerksam, durcheinander, ängstlich). Fragebogenevaluation: Schwierigkeiten beim Verständnis des Fragebogens; Schwierigkeiten Antworten zu finden; eigene Bemühungen bei der Antwortauswahl; Angemessenheit der Fragebogenlänge; Fragebogen bot Möglichkeit eigene Meinung auszudrücken; Spaß am Ausfüllen. Welle ba: Glücklich im bisherigen Leben, derzeit und zukünftig; Lebenszufriedenheit im bisherigen Leben, derzeit und zukünftig; Wichtigkeit ausgewählter Lebensbereiche (eigene Familie, Arbeit, Freizeit, Freunde, Nachbarschaft, finanzielle Situation) und Zufriedenheit mit diesen Lebensbereichen; Häufigkeit ausgewählter Gefühle in der letzten Woche (deprimiert oder niedergeschlagen, alles anstrengend, unruhiger Schlaf, glücklich, einsam, Leben genießen, traurig, antriebslos); Vergleichsperson oder Vergleichsgruppe für die eigene Familie (Arbeitskollegen, Familienmitglieder, Freunde, Nachbarn, andere); Wichtigkeit der eigenen Familie für diese Vergleichsperson; Zufriedenheit der Vergleichsperson mit der eigenen Familie; Vergleichsperson oder Vergleichsgruppe in Bezug auf die finanzielle Situation; Wichtigkeit der eigenen finanziellen Situation für diese Vergleichsperson; Zufriedenheit der Vergleichsperson mit der eigenen finanziellen Situation; Art der räumlichen Orientierung im Alltag (in einer unbekannten Stadt, der eigenen Stadt, einem Gebäude, vom gegenwärtigen Standort aus,

Enhancing Visibility: Integrating Grey Literature in the SOWIPORT Information Cycle

Despite the fact that Grey Literature plays a key role in disseminating research results to the scientific community, it currently is not represented equally well in the established information landscape. While institutional information infrastructures supporting scholarly research (e.g. libraries or information centres) mostly focus on publications from traditional publishers or on what is published within their own institution, a parallel universe of services and servers for Grey Literature and Open Access publications has been established, which makes it hard for any user to only get an overview of what is available in his area of interest. Following a discipline-oriented approach, the newly established scientific information portal SOWIPORT not only integrates Grey Literature and Open Access publications from the social sciences with traditional ones, but also establishes support for the whole research lifecycle, where research, publication and discourse are interconnected and make use of the direct and electronic availability of these types of publications.Includes: Conference preprint, Powerpoint presentation, Abstract and Biographical notes, Pratt student commentaryXAInternationa