The role of EU institutions in implementing its monetary policy

The main goal of the current article is to illustrate in detail the powers of the EU institutions to implement its monetary policy. The methods used to explore the topic and to draw the conclusions and interpret the findings are based on deduction and induction. On the grounds of the information presented in the article the following conclusions have been drawn: the relations between the EU institutions responsible for implementing its monetary policy (the European Central Bank, the European Parliament, the Council, the European Commission and others) are entirely based on fundamental principles laid down for all its institutions; the commitments of the institutions implementing the EU monetary policy are strictly stipulated in its primary legislation and are mostly related to the establishment of the EU Economic and Monetary Union, the framing, planning and implementing of the common monetary policy, the management of the Monetary Union. In the conditions of world financial and economic crisis the EU has attempted to respond adequately to its monetary policy problems, commensurate with the scope and matching the specific nature of this crisis.European Union, Economic and Monetary Union, monetary policy, EU institutions, world economic crisis

Antibacterial activity of 4-isopropyl-phenyl-methylidene-4- [1- (3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-6,7-dihydronaphthal-2-yl) ethenyl] benzohydrazyde

The increase in antibiotic resistance of microorganisms encourages the constant search for new compounds. Studies on the activity of hydrazones identify them as promising compounds for further microbiological research. The aim of the present study is to determine the antibacterial activity of newly synthesized 4-isopropyl-phenyl-methylidene-4- [1- (3,5,5,8,8-pentamethyl-6,7-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl) ethe- nyl] benzohydrazide, an analog of the antineoplastic preparation bexarotene. The assay was performed against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Synthesis and in vitro antimicrobial evaluation of a new metronidazole derivative

INTRODUCTION: For decades there has been active work on the synthesis, identification, and exploration of heterocyclic compounds. However, the imidazole nucleus is the main scaffold in molecules with various pharmacological properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, antineoplastic, antiviral, antidiabetic, etc. This work describes a synthesis of new metronidazole amide derivative by condensation of -(2-methyl-5-nitro-1Н-imidazole-1-yl)acetic acid with 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 4-aminobenzoate (procaine). The chemical structure of the new compound was confirmed by its IR and UV-VIS spectral data and was evaluated for in vitro potential antimicrobial activity against standard bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231.AIM: The present study aimed to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the potential antimicrobial activity of a new metronidazole amide compound against standard bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Candida albicans 10231. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The new amide metronidazole derivative 2-(diethylamine) ethyl 4-(2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole-1-yl)acetamide)benzoate was tested for in vitro antibacterial activity by the following described methods: cup-plate technique, minimum inhibitory concentration determination (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) determination.RESULTS: A synthesis of a new metronidazole amide derivative was made by condensation of -(2-methyl-5-nitro-1Н-imidazole-1-yl)acetic acid with 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 4-aminobenzoate (procaine). The chemical structure of the new compound was confirmed by its IR and UV-VIS spectral data and was evaluated for in vitro potential antimicrobial activity against standard bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. CONCLUSION: The obtained data assess the same antimicrobial activity of the new compound and metronidazole against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The highest sensitivity was observed against Candida albicans

Information and use of rapid diagnostic tests

New technologies and methods for analyzing laboratory performance are rapidly entering the everyday life. Screening with rapid diagnostic tests is already increasing the opportunities, reducing the cost of laboratory tests and facilitating the diagnosis of the disease at an early stage. Globally, diagnosis through rapid tests plays an important role in protecting public health. In Bulgaria, there is still a lack of extensive use of these types of tests, which is why we examined the opinion of 580 people in the Varna region to determine their level of awareness and frequency of use of rapid tests

Application of the principles of integrated care in department of endocrinology and metabolism diseases at the hospital St. Marina Varna

The article presents the principles of integrated care applied in the treatment of patients with diabetes in the Department of Endocrinology at the University Hospital "St. Marina" Varna. An important point in the treatment of diabetes is customer orientation. The increased life expectancy, the aging population and the cost of treatment of patients with diabetes, both globally and in Bulgaria, prompted the need for the development of integrated care. Integrated care focuses on ensuring continuous care for patients with diabetes by multidisciplinary teams

Development of health care for children - a literature review

The children's health care system is significantly weaker because it is constrained by outdated conventions, inadequate resources, and outdated incentive structures inherent in the traditional medical model that still dominates pediatric care. These structural barriers, organizational challenges, and financial constraints limit the system's ability to adequately recognize, respond to, and, most importantly, prevent adverse developmental outcomes at the population level. New imperatives to improve population health, along with growing recognition among policymakers and practitioners of the social and developmental determinants of health, have led to recent innovations in care models, service coordination, and coverage design. Yet available resources and infrastructure are static or shrinking, displaced by rising overall health care costs and other policy priorities. Child health systems are at a crossroads of conflicting priorities and incentives, and there is a need to explore how the health system can successfully break out of this impasse. The purpose of this publication is to provide a brief review of the literature on the development of health care for children

In vitro study of antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Origanum vulgare against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922

INTRODUCTION: Essential oils are aromatic and volatile liquids, extracted from different plant parts with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, and biological properties. For example, the essential oil of oregano presents antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.AIM: The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential antimicrobial activity of two (for external and internal use) commercial essential oils of Origanum vulgare against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in Medical College, Varna, Bulgaria. The antimicrobial activity of oregano essential oils was determined by the use of the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test.RESULTS: Antimicrobial activity of oregano essential oils (for external and internal use) was efficient in the control of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. This inhibitory effect was observed by the inhibitory diameters above 21 mm.CONCLUSION: The future evaluation of natural essential oils with a relatively high in vitro activity could be researched in the treatment of various infectious diseases.

Rapid Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases through Miniature PCR Devices

Proper diagnosis and follow-up of all diseases require laboratory diagnosis based on principles and standards of good practice. Nucleic acid testing near the patient played an important role in the outbreak of the infectious disease COVID-19 . Rapid tests aim to achieve fast, simple, and automatic detection of nucleic acids. Instead of the normal detection methods used in laboratory diagnostics, miniature PCR devices are now available. This article focuses on microfluidics in combination with microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology, which allows miniaturization of PCR processes in a chip device with the potential advantages of ultra-fast speed, low cost, low sample consumption, portability, high performance, and the ability to integrate and automate

Results of a Survey on the Aspects of Menopausal Symptoms and Medication Therapy

Introduction The period of menopause is accompanied by termination of the menstrual cycle. It is assumed to start from the 12th consecutive month of missing menstruation. In most cases, menopause occurs in the period between 40 and 50 years of age.AimThe objective of this present work is to present and analyze certain aspects of the menopausal symptomatic and the medication therapy in the menopause period.Materials and Methods A study using a direct anonymous survey was conducted on the territory of Varna Municipality during the period January – March 2018. The data collected from the survey was processed using the SPSS statistical software.SymptomsThe transition to menopause plays an important role in the etiology of symptoms described as hot flashes, nighttime sweating, mood changes, sleep disturbance, and sexual dysfunction. Therapy Approaches Hormone substitution therapy is an approach, which includes taking of hormones (estrogen and progesterone) for treatment of the symptoms of menopause and aging. Pharmacies offer a wide range of estrogen therapy medicinal products in the form of pills, plasters, suppositories, etc.Natural products therapy for menopausal symptoms includes herbs and other plant and non-plant additives.Conclusion Menopause is a natural stage in the aging process of the female organism. We are of the opinion that successful identification of the symptoms in the transitional period to menopause, and increased awareness of mature women as regards the therapy approaches available to apply, would have a significant positive impact on women’s health and social well-being

Analysis of awareness and attitudes about the vaccine against papilloma virus

Близо 80% от хората се заразяват с човешкия папиломен вирус в различни етапи на живота си, но само част от тях могат да се разболеят отнего. Вирусът има около 100 разновидности, но само два негови щама причиняват рак на шийката на матката, a 20 други - различни доброкачествени и злокачествени образувания. За превенция на рака на шийката на матката се прилагат три ваксини по схема. Целта на доклада е да се изследва информираността сред младото население за опасностите, които крие папилома вирус, и възможната превенция срещу него.Nearly 80% of the people get infected with the human papilloma virus at different stages in their lives but only a few of them get ill. The virus has over 100 varieties but only two of them can cause cervical cancer, and another 20 variations can cause different kinds of tumors. For cervical cancer prevention there are three different vaccines that are used in a specific schedule. The point of the survey is to determine whether the young women population is aware of the risks of cervical cancer and its prevention