345 research outputs found

    Reframing the infomated household-workplace

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    'Reframing', a managerial tool for understanding organizational complexity (Bolman & Deal, 1997), is applied to Australian households that possess a large amount of information and communication technology (ICT). Applying reframing to interviews conducted in households indicates that major changes, including some contradictory changes, are occurring as a result of adopting ICT and home-based working. Viewed through the structural frame, boundaries between work and home are blurring, while simultaneously attempts are being made to reinforce the separation of these activities. The human resource frame indicates ICT is improving communication, convenience and recreation, but hampering relationships and increasing interference and distractions. Looked at through the political frame, power shifts and new ICT-related conflicts occur, but members are also empowered by having their own ICTs to achieve individual goals. Finally, symbolism arises from the very presence of ICT and work activities in the home, enabling the emergence of dual identities, 'household' and 'workplace'. The findings are discussed in the context of contradictory organizational consequences of ICT reported in other situations. In relation to remote working, it is suggested that the household is a vital third element, in addition to the employer and employee, and that reframing can be used by those considering home-based working, to help them understand the likely impacts on their household and to facilitate the transition to home-based working. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

    Growth factor restriction impedes progression of wound healing following cataract surgery: identification of VEGF as a putative therapeutic target

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    Secondary visual loss occurs in millions of patients due to a wound-healing response, known as posterior capsule opacification (PCO), following cataract surgery. An intraocular lens (IOL) is implanted into residual lens tissue, known as the capsular bag, following cataract removal. Standard IOLs allow the anterior and posterior capsules to become physically connected. This places pressure on the IOL and improves contact with the underlying posterior capsule. New open bag IOL designs separate the anterior capsule and posterior capsules and further reduce PCO incidence. It is hypothesised that this results from reduced cytokine availability due to greater irrigation of the bag. We therefore explored the role of growth factor restriction on PCO using human lens cell and tissue culture models. We demonstrate that cytokine dilution, by increasing medium volume, significantly reduced cell coverage in both closed and open capsular bag models. This coincided with reduced cell density and myofibroblast formation. A screen of 27 cytokines identified nine candidates whose expression profile correlated with growth. In particular, VEGF was found to regulate cell survival, growth and myofibroblast formation. VEGF provides a therapeutic target to further manage PCO development and will yield best results when used in conjunction with open bag IOL designs

    Observation of Exclusive barB --> D(*) K*- Decays

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    We report the first observation of the exclusive decays \bar B\to D^{(*)}K^{*-}, using 9.66 x 10^{6} B\bar{B} pairs collected at the \Upsilon(4S) with the CLEO detector. We measure the following branching fractions: {\cal B}(B^- -> D^0 K^{*-})=(6.1 +- 1.6 +-1.7)x10^{-4}, {\cal B}(\bar{B^0} -> D^+K^{*-})=(3.7 +- 1.5 +- 1.0) x 10^{-4}, {\cal B}(\bar{B^0} -> D^{*+}K^{*-})=(3.8 +- 1.3 +- 0.8) x 10^{-4} and {\cal B}(B^- --> D^{*0} K^{*-})=(7.7 +- 2.2 +- 2.6) x 10^{-4}. The \bar B ->D^*K^{*-} branching ratios are the averages of those corresponding to the 00 and 11 helicity states. The errors shown are statistical and systematic, respectively.Comment: 9 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS, Published in Phys.Rev.Lett.88:101803,200

    Observation of the Ωc0\Omega_{c}^{0} Charmed Baryon at CLEO

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    The CLEO experiment at the CESR collider has used 13.7 fb1^{-1} of data to search for the production of the Ωc0\Omega_c^0 (css-ground state) in e+ee^{+}e^{-} collisions at s10.6\sqrt{s} \simeq 10.6 {\rm GeV}. The modes used to study the Ωc0\Omega_c^0 are Ωπ+\Omega^- \pi^+, Ωπ+π0\Omega^- \pi^+ \pi^0, ΞKpi+π+\Xi^- K^- pi^+ \pi^+, Ξ0Kpi+\Xi^0 K^- pi^+, and Ωπ+ππ+\Omega^- \pi^+ \pi^- \pi^+. We observe a signal of 40.4±\pm9.0(stat) events at a mass of 2694.6±\pm2.6(stat)±\pm1.9(syst) {\rm MeV/c2c^2}, for all modes combined.Comment: 10 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLN

    Evidence of New States Decaying into Ξcπ\Xi^{\prime}_{c}\pi

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    Using 13.7 fb1fb^{-1} of data recorded by the CLEO detector at CESR, we report evidence for two new charmed baryons: one decaying into Ξc0π+\Xi_c^{0 \prime}\pi^+ with the subsequent decay Ξc0Ξc0γ\Xi_c^{0 \prime} \to \Xi_c^0 \gamma, and its isospin partner decaying into Ξc+π\Xi_c^{+ \prime} \pi^- followed by Ξc+Ξc+γ\Xi_c^{+\prime} \to \Xi_c^+\gamma. We measure the following mass differences for the two states: M(Ξc0γπ+)M(Ξc0)M(\Xi_c^0 \gamma \pi^+)-M(\Xi_c^0)=318.2+-1.3+-2.9 MeV, and M(Ξc+γπ)M(Ξc+)M(\Xi_c^+ \gamma \pi^-)-M(\Xi_c^+)=324.0+-1.3+-3.0 MeV. We interpret these new states as the JP=1/2Ξc1J^P = 1/2^- \Xi_{c1} particles, the charmed-strange analogs of the Λc1+(2593)\Lambda_{c1}^+(2593).Comment: 10 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLN

    Measurement of the Relative Branching Fraction of Υ(4S)\Upsilon(4S) to Charged and Neutral B-Meson Pairs

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    We analyze 9.7 x 10^6 B\bar{B}$ pairs recorded with the CLEO detector to determine the production ratio of charged to neutral B-meson pairs produced at the Y(4S) resonance. We measure the rates for B^0 -> J/psi K^{(*)0} and B^+ -> J/psi K^{(*)+} decays and use the world-average B-meson lifetime ratio to extract the relative widths f+-/f00 = Gamma(Y(4S) -> B+B-)/Gamma(Y(4S) -> B0\bar{B0}) = = 1.04 +/- 0.07(stat) +/- 0.04(syst). With the assumption that f+- + f00 = 1, we obtain f00 = 0.49 +/- 0.02(stat) +/- 0.01(syst) and f+- = 0.51 +/- 0.02(stat) +/- 0.01(syst). This production ratio and its uncertainty apply to all exclusive B-meson branching fractions measured at the Y(4S) resonance.Comment: 11 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLN

    First Observation of the Decays B0Dppˉπ+B^{0}\to D^{*-}p\bar{p}\pi^{+} and B^{0}\to D^{*-}p\bar{n}$

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    We report the first observation of exclusive decays of the type B to D^* N anti-N X, where N is a nucleon. Using a sample of 9.7 times 10^{6} B-Bbar pairs collected with the CLEO detector operating at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, we measure the branching fractions B(B^0 \to D^{*-} proton antiproton \pi^+) = ({6.5}^{+1.3}_{-1.2} +- 1.0) \times 10^{-4} and B(B^0 \to D^{*-} proton antineutron) = ({14.5}^{+3.4}_{-3.0} +- 2.7) times 10^{-4}. Antineutrons are identified by their annihilation in the CsI electromagnetic calorimeter.Comment: 9 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLN

    Study of the Decays B0 --> D(*)+D(*)-

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    The decays B0 --> D*+D*-, B0 --> D*+D- and B0 --> D+D- are studied in 9.7 million Y(4S) --> BBbar decays accumulated with the CLEO detector. We determine Br(B0 --> D*+D*-) = (9.9+4.2-3.3+-1.2)e-4 and limit Br(B0 --> D*+D-) < 6.3e-4 and Br(B0 --> D+D-) < 9.4e-4 at 90% confidence level (CL). We also perform the first angular analysis of the B0 --> D*+D*- decay and determine that the CP-even fraction of the final state is greater than 0.11 at 90% CL. Future measurements of the time dependence of these decays may be useful for the investigation of CP violation in neutral B meson decays.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

    A Search for BτνB\to \tau\nu

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    We report results of a search for BτνB\to\tau\nu in a sample of 9.7 million charged BB meson decays. The search uses both πν\pi\nu and ννˉ\ell\nu\bar\nu decay modes of the τ\tau, and demands exclusive reconstruction of the companion Bˉ\bar B decay to suppress background. We set an upper limit on the branching fraction B(Bτν)<8.4×104{\cal B}(B\to \tau\nu) < 8.4\times 10^{-4} at 90% confidence level. With slight modification to the analysis we also establish B(B±K±ννˉ)<2.4×104{\cal B}(B^\pm\to K^\pm\nu\bar\nu) < 2.4\times 10^{-4} at 90% confidence level.Comment: 10 ages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLN

    Measurements of B --> D_s^{(*)+} D^{*(*)} Branching Fractions

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    This article describes improved measurements by CLEO of the B0Ds+DB^0 \to D_s^+ D^{*-} and B0Ds+DB^0 \to D_s^{*+} D^{*-} branching fractions, and first evidence for the decay B+Ds()+Dˉ0B^+ \to D_s^{(*)+} \bar{D}^{**0}, where Dˉ0\bar{D}^{**0} represents the sum of the Dˉ1(2420)0\bar{D}_1(2420)^0, Dˉ2(2460)0\bar{D}_2^*(2460)^0, and Dˉ1(j=1/2)0\bar{D}_1(j=1/2)^0 L=1 charm meson states. Also reported is the first measurement of the Ds+D_s^{*+} polarization in the decay B0Ds+DB^0 \to D_s^{*+} D^{*-}. A partial reconstruction technique, employing only the fully reconstructed Ds+D_s^+ and slow pion πs\pi_s^- from the DDˉ0πsD^{*-} \to \bar{D}^0 \pi^-_s decay, enhances sensitivity. The observed branching fractions are B(B0Ds+D)=(1.10±0.18±0.10±0.28){\mathcal B} (B^0 \to D_s^+ D^{*-}) = (1.10 \pm 0.18 \pm 0.10 \pm 0.28)%, B(B0Ds+D)=(1.82±0.37±0.24±0.46){\mathcal B} (B^0 \to D_s^{*+} D^{*-}) = (1.82 \pm 0.37 \pm 0.24 \pm 0.46)%, and B(B+Ds()+Dˉ0)=(2.73±0.78±0.48±0.68){\mathcal B} (B^+ \to D_s^{(*)+} \bar{D}^{**0}) = (2.73 \pm 0.78 \pm 0.48 \pm 0.68)%, where the first error is statistical, the second systematic, and the third is due to the uncertainty in the Ds+ϕπ+D_s^+ \to \phi \pi^+ branching fraction. The measured Ds+D_s^{*+} longitudinal polarization, ΓL/Γ=(50.6±13.9±3.6)\Gamma_L/\Gamma = (50.6 \pm 13.9 \pm 3.6)%, is consistent with the factorization prediction of 54%.Comment: 26 pages (LaTeX), 15 figures. To be submitted to PR
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