Rethinking Dual-Domain Undersampled MRI reconstruction: domain-specific design from the perspective of the receptive field

Undersampled MRI reconstruction is crucial for accelerating clinical scanning. Dual-domain reconstruction network is performant among SoTA deep learning methods. In this paper, we rethink dual-domain model design from the perspective of the receptive field, which is needed for image recovery and K-space interpolation problems. Further, we introduce domain-specific modules for dual-domain reconstruction, namely k-space global initialization and image-domain parallel local detail enhancement. We evaluate our modules by translating a SoTA method DuDoRNet under different conventions of MRI reconstruction including image-domain, dual-domain, and reference-guided reconstruction on the public IXI dataset. Our model DuDoRNet+ achieves significant improvements over competing deep learning methods.Comment: 2024 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI

Two Essays on Debt Market, Corporate Bankruptcy, and the Financial Reporting of Borrowers

Essay1: Spillover Effects of Bankruptcy on Voluntary Disclosure This study examines the spillover effects of bankruptcy on the voluntary disclosure of firms that share common lenders with bankrupt firms. I argue that after firms in a bank's loan portfolio file for bankruptcy, the monitoring ability of the bank will be perceived to be lower, leading other investors to rely less on bank monitoring and demand more public information disclosure from the non-bankrupt borrowers of the bank (the monitoring channel). Furthermore, following large bankruptcies, the lending ability of a bank will decrease, reducing the credit availability to its non-bankrupt borrowers, which in turn leads the non-bankrupt borrowers to increase voluntary disclosure to obtain other sources of financing (the financing channel). Consistent with my expectation, I find that after firms in a bank's loan portfolio file for bankruptcy, the non-bankrupt borrowers of the bank issue more voluntary 8-K filings, include more exhibits in voluntary 8-K filings and increase the length of their 8-K filings. A series of analyses suggest that this effect is stronger when shareholders of the non-bankrupt borrowers delegate more monitoring to banks, and when bankruptcies lead to a greater increase in the non-bankrupt borrowers' incentive to access alternative financing sources. My findings suggest that corporate bankruptcy has broader implications for information production in capital markets and extends beyond the bankrupt firm to other firms sharing the same lender. Abstract of Essay 2 Essay2: Does Bank Reputation Affects How Investors Perceive Borrowers' Reporting Credibility? This study examines whether bank reputation affects the perceived credibility of borrowers' financial reporting. Using large bankruptcies in banks' loan portfolios as a proxy for bank reputation damage, I find that the reputation damage of a bank leads to a significant decline in the earnings response coefficients (ERCs) of its borrowers in the subsequent six months. The effect of bank reputation damage on ERCs is weaker when there are alternative mechanisms to monitor borrowers and when investors have lower reliance on bank monitoring. Overall, my findings suggest that damage to banks' reputations leads investors to question the credibility of borrowers' financial reporting, which in turn result

MIRACLE: Multi-task Learning based Interpretable Regulation of Autoimmune Diseases through Common Latent Epigenetics

DNA methylation is a crucial regulator of gene transcription and has been linked to various diseases, including autoimmune diseases and cancers. However, diagnostics based on DNA methylation face challenges due to large feature sets and small sample sizes, resulting in overfitting and suboptimal performance. To address these issues, we propose MIRACLE, a novel interpretable neural network that leverages autoencoder-based multi-task learning to integrate multiple datasets and jointly identify common patterns in DNA methylation. MIRACLE's architecture reflects the relationships between methylation sites, genes, and pathways, ensuring biological interpretability and meaningfulness. The network comprises an encoder and a decoder, with a bottleneck layer representing pathway information as the basic unit of heredity. Customized defined MaskedLinear Layer is constrained by site-gene-pathway graph adjacency matrix information, which provides explainability and expresses the site-gene-pathway hierarchical structure explicitly. And from the embedding, there are different multi-task classifiers to predict diseases. Tested on six datasets, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, and type 1 diabetes, MIRACLE demonstrates robust performance in identifying common functions of DNA methylation across different phenotypes, with higher accuracy in prediction dieseases than baseline methods. By incorporating biological prior knowledge, MIRACLE offers a meaningful and interpretable framework for DNA methylation data analysis in the context of autoimmune diseases

Impingement and Mixing Dynamics of Micro-Droplets on a Solid Surface

Supported from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22078008) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (XK1802-1). Acknowledgement The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.22078008) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (XK1802-1).Peer reviewedPostprin

Dynamic Rheological Studies of Poly(p-phenyleneterephthalamide) and Carbon Nanotube Blends in Sulfuric Acid

We have studied the dynamic scanning of liquid-crystalline (LC) poly(p-phenyleneterephthalamide) sulfuric acid (PPTA-H2SO4) solution, and its blend with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), by using a flat plate rotational rheometer. The effects of weight concentration and molecular weight of PPTA, as well as operating temperature, on dynamic viscoelasticity of the PPTA-H2SO4 LC solution system are discussed. The transition from a biphasic system to a single-phase LC occurs in the weight concentration range of SWNTs from 0.1% to 0.2%, in which complex viscosity reaches the maximum at 0.2 wt% and the minimum at 0.1 wt%, respectively, of SWNTs. With increasing SWNT weight concentration, the endothermic peak temperature increases from 73.6 to 79.9 °C. The PPTA/SWNT/H2SO4 solution is in its plateau zone and storage modulus (G′) is a dominant factor within the frequency (ω) range of 0.1–10 rad/s. As ω increases, the G′ rises slightly, in direct proportion to the ω. The loss modulus (G″) does not rise as a function of ω when ω < 1 s−1, then when ω > 1 s−1 G″ increases faster than G′, yet not in any proportion to the ω

Droplet impingement and wetting behavior on a chemically heterogeneous surface in the Beyond-Cassie-Baxter regime

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