Etnomedicinska vrijednost ekstrakta biljke Cissampelos pareira u eksperimentalno induciranoj dijareji

The antidiarrhoeal activity of the ethanolic extract of Cissampelos pareira (Menispermaceae) roots was assessed on experimental animals. The hydroethanolic extract (25-100 mg dry extract kg-1 body mass, p.o.) exhibited a dose dependent decrease in the total number of faecal droppings (control 65, reduced to 26-46) and 29.2-60.0% inhibition in castor oil-induced diarrhoea. Further, C. pareira produced a significant (p < 0.01) and dose dependent reduction in intestinal fluids accumulation (26.0-59.0%). The extract showed a greater inhibitory effect on the concentration of Na+ (20.0 and 34.5%) than or the concentration of K+ (6.7 and 9.4%). The extract also reduced dose dependently the gastrointestinal transit from 46.4 and 38.7%, equivalent to 53.6 and 61.3%. However, C. pareira significantly reduced the lipid peroxidation and inhibited the decrease in antioxidant enzyme levels (superoxide dismutase and catalase) on prior administration to castor oil-induced fluid accumulation. The extract of C. pareira had no effect on normal defecation at 25 mg kg-1 in mice. However, 50 and 100 mg kg-1 inhibited defecation by 100% in the initial 2 h and the activity was reduced to 40.0 and 73.0%, respectively, in the third hour.U radu je ispitivano antidijaroičko djelovanje etanolnog ekstrakta korijena biljke Cissampelos pareira (Menispermaceae) na štakorima i miševima. Perooralna primjena ekstrakta u dozi 25100 mg kg-1 izazivala je o dozi ovisno smanjenje količine fekalija ili broja defekacija ??? (26 i 46 u odnosu na 65 u kontrolnoj skupini) i 29,260,0% inhibicije dijareje uzrokovane ricinusovim uljem. Nadalje, Cissampelos pareira je urokovala značajnu (p 0,01) i o dozi ovisnu inhibiciju nakupljanja intestinalne tekućine (26,059,0%). Inhibitorni učinak ekstrakta na koncentraciju Na+ (20,0 i 34,5%) bio je veći nego na koncentraciju K+ (6,7 i 9,4%). Osim toga ekstrakt je reducirao gastrointestinalni tranzit od 46,4 i 38,7%, što je ekvivalentno s 53,6, odnosno 61,3%. Međutim, Cissampelos pareira značajno je smanjila peroksidaciju lipida i inhibirala je snanjenje koncentracije antioksidativnih enzima (superoksid dismutaze i katalaze) ako se primjeni prije ricinusovog ulja. Ekstrakt biljke Cissampelos pareira nije imao učinak na normalnu defekaciju ako je primjenjen na miševima u dozi 25 mg kg-1. Međutim doza od 50, odnosno 100 mg kg-1 inhibirala je defekaciju 100% početna dva sata, dok treći sat smanjila je defekaciju za 40,0, odnosno 73,0%

Etnomedicinska vrijednost ekstrakta biljke Cissampelos pareira u eksperimentalno induciranoj dijareji

The antidiarrhoeal activity of the ethanolic extract of Cissampelos pareira (Menispermaceae) roots was assessed on experimental animals. The hydroethanolic extract (25-100 mg dry extract kg-1 body mass, p.o.) exhibited a dose dependent decrease in the total number of faecal droppings (control 65, reduced to 26-46) and 29.2-60.0% inhibition in castor oil-induced diarrhoea. Further, C. pareira produced a significant (p < 0.01) and dose dependent reduction in intestinal fluids accumulation (26.0-59.0%). The extract showed a greater inhibitory effect on the concentration of Na+ (20.0 and 34.5%) than or the concentration of K+ (6.7 and 9.4%). The extract also reduced dose dependently the gastrointestinal transit from 46.4 and 38.7%, equivalent to 53.6 and 61.3%. However, C. pareira significantly reduced the lipid peroxidation and inhibited the decrease in antioxidant enzyme levels (superoxide dismutase and catalase) on prior administration to castor oil-induced fluid accumulation. The extract of C. pareira had no effect on normal defecation at 25 mg kg-1 in mice. However, 50 and 100 mg kg-1 inhibited defecation by 100% in the initial 2 h and the activity was reduced to 40.0 and 73.0%, respectively, in the third hour.U radu je ispitivano antidijaroičko djelovanje etanolnog ekstrakta korijena biljke Cissampelos pareira (Menispermaceae) na štakorima i miševima. Perooralna primjena ekstrakta u dozi 25100 mg kg-1 izazivala je o dozi ovisno smanjenje količine fekalija ili broja defekacija ??? (26 i 46 u odnosu na 65 u kontrolnoj skupini) i 29,260,0% inhibicije dijareje uzrokovane ricinusovim uljem. Nadalje, Cissampelos pareira je urokovala značajnu (p 0,01) i o dozi ovisnu inhibiciju nakupljanja intestinalne tekućine (26,059,0%). Inhibitorni učinak ekstrakta na koncentraciju Na+ (20,0 i 34,5%) bio je veći nego na koncentraciju K+ (6,7 i 9,4%). Osim toga ekstrakt je reducirao gastrointestinalni tranzit od 46,4 i 38,7%, što je ekvivalentno s 53,6, odnosno 61,3%. Međutim, Cissampelos pareira značajno je smanjila peroksidaciju lipida i inhibirala je snanjenje koncentracije antioksidativnih enzima (superoksid dismutaze i katalaze) ako se primjeni prije ricinusovog ulja. Ekstrakt biljke Cissampelos pareira nije imao učinak na normalnu defekaciju ako je primjenjen na miševima u dozi 25 mg kg-1. Međutim doza od 50, odnosno 100 mg kg-1 inhibirala je defekaciju 100% početna dva sata, dok treći sat smanjila je defekaciju za 40,0, odnosno 73,0%

Exploring the Protective Effects of Abrus precatorius in HepG2 and N-Nitrosodiethylamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Swiss Albino Rats: Protective effect of Abrus procatorius against hepatoarcinoma

This study was designed to explore the protective effects of Abrus precatorius L. (Leguminosae) (AP) in HepG2 cells and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) induced hepatocellular carcinoma in Swiss albino rats. The effects of aqueous/ethanolic (50%) extract of AP on hepatic markers, haematological and histopathological parameters, and antioxidant enzymes were evaluated in NDEA (200 mg/kg and CCl4, 3 ml/kgbody weight) induced experimental hepatocarcinogenesis in Swiss albino rats. In addition, cytotoxicity of the extract and its effect on the expression on p53 were studied in human hepatoma cell line (HepG2). Results obtained from cytotoxicity studies showed that the AP extract has strong cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells. The expression of p53 was markedly increased and maintained at high level from 6-12 hr with 100 μg/ml of AP extract. A decrease in the mean and relative liver weights in AP extract treated group at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg was observed compared to the control group. It was also demonstrated that AP extract provided significant protection against hepatic lipid peroxidation and increased antioxidant enzymes’ activities such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase and reduced glutathione levels. In a dose-dependent manner, the AP extract reduced the NDEA-induced elevated levels of various hepatic markers such as serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin and gamma glutamate transpeptidase. The haematological paremater viz. RBC, WBC and haemaglobin was restored upon treatment with AP extract at 100 and 200 mg/kg. Histopathology of the liver was also carried out to mark the pathological changes in groups under study. The results of these studies demonstrate the protective effect of AP extract against NDEA induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Swiss albino rats and in HepG2 cell