20 research outputs found
43. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy of epidermiod lung carcinoma patients under short term hypoxia condition
Main method of treating the epidermoid lung carcinoma patients is a surgery which gives a 5-year survival of 53–70% of patients with 1 and 2 stage of disease. However, if metastases in lymphatic nodes of mediastinum are present then number of patients surviving this period considerably decreases. To increase surgery effectiveness one seeks the combined therapy methods using, in particular, neoadjuvant radiotherapy. We have studied such a therapy method which is to be applied during the pre-operative period of hypoxiradiotherapy. Date of 237 epidermoid lung carcinoma patients has been analyzed, mainly for the 3-d stage of disease: 1-st group of 123 patients was given a surgery treatment, the second one, of 114 patients, received an additional intensive pre-surgery radiation (5 Gy daily, 20 Gy) under condition of a short term hypoxya of a short term hypoxya caused by a gas mixture of 10% of oxygen and 90% of nitrogen. Surgeries were carried out during the first 3 days after the completing the radiation treatment. Mechanical conditions of the surgery procedure, blood losses and after surgery complications were similar in both cases. The number of cases of general radiation reactions decreased 3 times, all the cases being limited to the 1 and 2 degrees on the RTOG scale. After analysis of deferent factors, which define the result of treatment, significance the most reliable were the size of primary lesion and presence of mediastinum lymphatic nodes metastasis. Was shown rising of 3-year survival rate after combined treatment vs. operative treatment only
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Intramolecular O -> Te and N -> Te coordination bonds in molecules of beta-tellurocyclohexenals and their nitrogen analogs
The structures of beta-tellurocyclohexenals and their nitrogen analogs, viz., beta-methyl-tellurocyclohexenal (6), beta-(4-ethoxyphenyltelluro)cyclohexenal (7), di(2-formylcyclohexen-1-yl) telluride (8), beta-(4-ethoxyphenyltelluro)cyclohexenylidene(4'-methylaniline) (9), beta-bromotellurenylcyclohexenylidene(4'-methylaniline) (10), and beta-bromotellurenylcyclohexenal (4-methylbenzoyl)hydrazone (11), were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds 6-11 have a Z configuration at the double bond, which provides the formation of intramolecular O-->Te or N-->Te coordination bonds. The bonds about the Te atom have a T-shaped configuration. There is only one of two possible O-->Te coordination bonds in dialdehyde 8 and, consequently, this compound belongs to the 10-Te-3-tellurane structural type. Hydrazone 11 possesses both N-->Te and O-->Te intramolecular coordination bonds. Taking into account these interactions, the coordination polyhedron of the tellurium atom can be considered as a trigonal bipyramid. The intramolecular O-->Te or N-->Te coordination bond lengths in compounds 6 (2.692 Angstrom), 7 (2.657 Angstrom), 8 (2.657 Angstrom), and 9 (2.690 Angstrom) are 0.9-1.0 Angstrom smaller than the sums of the van der Waals radii of the corresponding atoms. These bond lengths in compounds 10 (2.170 Angstrom) and 11 (2.203 Angstrom) are almost equal to the standard covalent bond length
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Synthesis and structure of N-arylimines of beta-tellurocyclohexenals with the intramolecular coordination N -> Te bonds
A series of N-arylimines of beta-tellurocyclohexenals 11 have been synthesized and the molecular and crystal structures of the compounds 11a-e and also beta-(dimethyltelluronium)cyclohexenal perchlorate 12 studied by X-ray crystallography. All the compounds contain strong intramolecular coordination N --> Te (O --> Te) bonds of the hypervalent type. In 11a-e, the lengths of the N --> Te bonds are within the range of 2.690-2.147 Angstrom and are 1.0-1.5 Angstrom shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii of respective atoms. In the N-arylimines 11a-e with the electronegative groups attached to the tellurium center, the lengths of the N --> Te bonds are very close to that characteristic of a standard covalent N-Te bond. The experimental observed geometries are well reproduced by the DFT calculations performed at B3LYP/LanL2DZ level of approximation. The energies of the intramolecular coordination N --> Te bonds vary from 23 kJ mol(-1) for 11a to 119 kJ mol(-1) for 11e. The calculated energy of the O --> Te bond in 12 was found to be 50 kJ mol(-1). The Te-125 NMR chemical shifts of compounds 11 span the wide range of 734.3-1622.4 ppm. The largest downfield Te-125 NMR chemical shifts are observed in the case of the compounds 11e, f in which the most electronegative atoms are attached to the tellurim centers