Meta-analytic Findings on Grouping Programs

Meta-analytic reviews have focused on five distinct instructional programs that separate students by ability: multilevel dasses, cross-grade programs, within-class grouping, enriched classes for the gifted and talented, and accelerated classes. The reviews show that effects are a function of program type. Multilevel classes, which entail only minor adjustment of course content for ability groups, usually have little or no effect on student achievement. Programs that entail more substantial adjustment of curriculum to ability, such as cross-grade and within-class programs, produce clear positive effects. Programs of enrichment and acceleration, which usually involve the greatest amount of curricular adjustment, have the largest effects on student learning. These results doe not support recent claims that no one benefits from grouping or that students in the lower groups are harmed academically and emotionally by grouping.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67315/2/10.1177_001698629203600204.pd

Court Buildings.

SV123 — Nelson Dionne Collection. View of the courthouses on Federal Street from the corner of Washington, looking northwest. Visible, from left to right, are the 1862 Superior Court Building, as it looked before its 1887-89 renovation, and the 1841 County Commissioner\u27s Building. Published by G.M. Whipple & A.A. Smith, Salem, Mass., c. 1870.https://digitalcommons.salemstate.edu/stereoviews/1131/thumbnail.jp

Residence of John Pickering, Esq.

SV165 — Nelson Dionne Collection. View of the Pickering House at 18 Broad Street, then inhabited by John Pickering, Esq. Published by G.M. Whipple & A.A. Smith, Salem, Mass., c. 1870. Originally built in 1651, the house was added onto over the years. However, since an 1841 Gothic-like renovation, the house has remained essentially the same in appearance. Owned and lived in by ten successive generations of Pickerings, including the famous Col. Timothy Pickering, the house is the oldest home in America to have been continuously inhabited by one family.https://digitalcommons.salemstate.edu/stereoviews/1179/thumbnail.jp

Essex Street, with East India Marine Museum in Centre.

SV057 — Nelson Dionne Collection. View up Essex Street with the East India Marine Museum (now part of the Peabody-Essex Museum) centered. Published by G.M. Whipple & A.A. Smith, Salem, Mass., c. 1870.https://digitalcommons.salemstate.edu/stereoviews/1060/thumbnail.jp

Normal School, Salem.

SV268 — Nelson Dionne Collection. View of the old Salem Normal School, built 1854, on Broad Street. This view was taken after a major 1871 renovation, adding the mansard roof and cupola seen in the view. Published by G.M. Whipple & A.A. Smith, Salem, Mass., c. 1872-74.https://digitalcommons.salemstate.edu/stereoviews/1288/thumbnail.jp

Normal School.

SV267 — Nelson Dionne Collection. View of the old Salem Normal School, built 1854, on Broad Street. This view was taken before a major 1871 renovation. Published by G.M. Whipple & A.A. Smith, Salem, Mass., as part of Salem Views, c. 1870.https://digitalcommons.salemstate.edu/stereoviews/1287/thumbnail.jp

Salem Oratorio Society

SV338 — Nelson Dionne Collection. Wide view of the members of the Salem Oratorio Society of Salem, Mass. Possibly taken within the society\u27s rehearsal place at Lyceum Hall. Published by G.M. Whipple & A.A. Smith, c. 1870.https://digitalcommons.salemstate.edu/stereoviews/1363/thumbnail.jp

Classical and High School, Broad Street, Salem.

SV262 — Nelson Dionne Collection. View taken of Salem High school, also known as the Classical and High School, at 5 Broad Street in Salem, Mass. The Oliver Primary School is also visible to the left. Published by G.M. Whipple & A.A. Smith, Salem, Mass., c. 1870.https://digitalcommons.salemstate.edu/stereoviews/1282/thumbnail.jp

North Church.

SV223 — Nelson Dionne Collection. View, from Essex Street, of the North Church at 316 Essex Street (built in 1836 after separation with the First Church at Town House Square). Published by G.M. Whipple & A.A. Smith, Salem, Mass., c. 1870. Upon reintegration in 1923 with the First Church, and subsequently becoming the home for the newly reunited congregation, the North Church building became known as home to one of the oldest continuous Protestant congregation in the country with a foundation date of 1629.https://digitalcommons.salemstate.edu/stereoviews/1240/thumbnail.jp

Essex Bridge, and Part of Salem Water Works.

SV422 — Nelson Dionne Collection. View of the Essex Bridge looking north, with part of the Salem Water Works visible in the foreground. Published by G.M. Whipple & A.A. Smith, Salem, Mass., c. 1866-74.https://digitalcommons.salemstate.edu/stereoviews/1448/thumbnail.jp