Relativistic description of proton-proton bremsstrahlung

We investigate the influence of negative-energy states in proton-proton bremsstrahlung in a fully relativistic framework using the t-matrix of Fleischer and Tjon. The contribution from negative-energy states in the single-scattering diagrams are found to be large, indicating that relativistic effects are sizable. The rescattering contribution compensates some of the effect, but at higher photon energies we find that the relativistic contributions become increasingly more important. The cancellation found at lower energies is shown to be due to a low-energy theorem

Universal Correlations in Pion-less EFT with the Resonating Group Model: Three and Four Nucleons

The Effective Field Theory "without pions" at next-to-leading order is used to analyze universal bound state and scattering properties of the 3- and 4-nucleon system. Results of a variety of phase shift equivalent nuclear potentials are presented for bound state properties of 3H and 4He, and for the singlet S-wave 3He-neutron scattering length a_0(3He-n). The calculations are performed with the Refined Resonating Group Method and include a full treatment of the Coulomb interaction and the leading-order 3-nucleon interaction. The results compare favorably with data and values from AV18(+UIX) model calculations. A new correlation between a_0(3He-n) and the 3H binding energy is found. Furthermore, we confirm at next-to-leading order the correlations, already found at leading-order, between the 3H binding energy and the 3H charge radius, and the Tjon line. With the 3H binding energy as input, we get predictions of the Effective Field Theory "without pions" at next-to-leading order for the root mean square charge radius of 3H of (1.6\pm 0.2) fm, for the 4He binding energy of (28\pm 2.5) MeV, and for Re(a_0(3He-n)) of (7.5\pm 0.6)fm. Including the Coulomb interaction, the splitting in binding energy between 3H and 3He is found to be (0.66\pm 0.03) MeV. The discrepancy to data of (0.10\mp 0.03) MeV is model independently attributed to higher order charge independence breaking interactions. We also demonstrate that different results for the same observable stem from higher order effects, and carefully assess that numerical uncertainties are negligible. Our results demonstrate the convergence and usefulness of the pion-less theory at next-to-leading order in the 4He channel. We conclude that no 4-nucleon interaction is needed to renormalize the theory at next-to-leading order in the 4-nucleon sector.Comment: 24 pages revtex4, including 8 figures as .eps files embedded with includegraphicx, leading-order results added, calculations include the LO three-nucleon interaction explicitly, comment on Wigner bound added, minor modification

Effects of relativity in proton-proton bremsstrahlung

We investigate the influence of negative-energy states in proton-proton bremsstrahlung in a fully relativistic framework using the T matrix of Fleischer and Tjon. The contribution from negative-energy states in the single-scattering diagrams is shown to be large, indicating that relativistic effects are important. The rescattering contribution compensates some of the effect, which is shown to be a consequence of a low-energy theorem. The net effect of negative-energy states nevertheless is of the order of 20% at higher energies. We investigate retardation effects in the nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction by means of a one-pion exchange model, which gives effects of the order of 15% at the pion-production threshold. We furthermore modify the NN T matrix tb incorporate some of these effects, and find that on the level of single-scattering contributions they are of the order of 10%. We show predictions at incoming proton energy T-lab=190 MeV, where high accuracy measurements are being done at KVI, and conclude that even at these relatively low energies off-shell effects in the NN interaction and contributions from negative-energy states clearly show up.</p

Effects of relativity in proton-proton bremsstrahlung

We investigate the influence of negative-energy states in proton-proton bremsstrahlung in a fully relativistic framework using the T matrix of Fleischer and Tjon. The contribution from negative-energy states in the single-scattering diagrams is shown to be large, indicating that relativistic effects are important. The rescattering contribution compensates some of the effect, which is shown to be a consequence of a low-energy theorem. The net effect of negative-energy states nevertheless is of the order of 20% at higher energies. We investigate retardation effects in the nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction by means of a one-pion exchange model, which gives effects of the order of 15% at the pion-production threshold. We furthermore modify the NN T matrix tb incorporate some of these effects, and find that on the level of single-scattering contributions they are of the order of 10%. We show predictions at incoming proton energy T-lab=190 MeV, where high accuracy measurements are being done at KVI, and conclude that even at these relatively low energies off-shell effects in the NN interaction and contributions from negative-energy states clearly show up

Covariant model for proton-proton bremsstrahlung: comparison with high precision data

We compare a relativistic covariant model for proton-proton bremsstrahlung with high-quality data from KVI. The agreement in large parts of phase space is satisfactory. However, remarkably large discrepancies are observed for specific kinematic regions. These failures are shown to occur primarily when the final two-nucleon system has energies less than about 15 MeV