TRANSVERSE INSTABILITIES IN THE MAX IV 3 G RING

Abstract Collective effects in MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring are strongly enhanced by the combination of low emittance, high current and small effective aperture. Three passive harmonic cavities (HC) are introduced to lengthen the bunches, by which beam stabilization is anticipated via decoupling to high frequency wakes, along with Landau damping. The role of the transverse impedance budget of the MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring as a source of collective beam instabilities was determined. With the help of the macroparticle multibunch tracking code mbtrack that directly uses the former as input, we studied the influence of geometric and resistive wall impedance in both transverse planes, as well as that of chromaticity shifting. A fully dynamic treatment of the passive harmonic cavities developed for this study allowed us to evaluate their effectiveness under varying beam conditions

The technical asprcts of building station for the accreditation of the pharmacists at the department of management and economics of pharmasy ural state medical university

Key elements of the stations of the second stage of the initial accreditation pharmacists and equipping stations.В статье рассмотрены ключевые элементы станций второго этапа первичной аккредитации провизоров и оснащение станций

Rsc Adv

A Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) system of semiconductor quantum dots and porphyrins represents a new promising photosensitizing tool for the photodynamic therapy of cancer. In this work, we demonstrate the ability of a non-covalent complex formed between commercial lipid-coated CdSe/ ZnS quantum dots (QD) bearing different terminal groups (carboxyl, amine or non-functionalized) and a second-generation photosensitizer, chlorin e(6) (Ce-6) to enter living HeLa cells with maintained integrity and perform FRET from two-photon excited QD to bound Ce-6 molecules. Spectroscopic changes, the highly efficient FRET, observed upon Ce-6 binding to QD, and remarkable stability of the QD-Ce-6 complex in different media suggest that Ce-6 penetrates inside the lipid coating close to the inorganic core of QD. Two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) on living HeLa cells revealed that QD-Ce-6 complexes localize within the plasma membrane and intracellular compartments and preserve high FRET efficiency (similar to 50%). The latter was confirmed by recovery of QD emission lifetime after photobleaching of Ce-6. The intracellular distribution pattern and FRET efficiency of QD-Ce-6 complexes did not depend on the charge of QD terminal groups. Given the non-covalent nature of the complex, its exceptional stability in cellulo can be explained by a combination of hydrophobic interactions and coordination of carboxyl groups of Ce6 with the ZnS shell of QD. These findings suggest a simple route to the preparation of QD-photosensitizer complexes featuring efficient FRET and high stability in cellulo without using time-consuming conjugation protocols

Prospects of implementing integrated information systems in the preferential drug provision of patients with copd on the territory of Sverdlovsk region

Analysis of prospects of implementation and functionality of information systems in preferential drug provision, a review of the regulatory framework in the system of preferential provision of medicines.Анализ перспективы внедрения и функциональных возможностей информационных систем в льготном лекарственном обеспечении, обзор нормативной базы в системе льготного лекарственного обеспечения

Implementing Fault-tolerant Entangling Gates on the Five-qubit Code and the Color Code

We compare two different implementations of fault-tolerant entangling gates on logical qubits. In one instance, a twelve-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer is used to implement a non-transversal logical CNOT gate between two five qubit codes. The operation is evaluated with varying degrees of fault tolerance, which are provided by including quantum error correction circuit primitives known as flagging and pieceable fault tolerance. In the second instance, a twenty-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer is used to implement a transversal logical CNOT gate on two [[7,1,3]] color codes. The two codes were implemented on different but similar devices, and in both instances, all of the quantum error correction primitives, including the determination of corrections via decoding, are implemented during runtime using a classical compute environment that is tightly integrated with the quantum processor. For different combinations of the primitives, logical state fidelity measurements are made after applying the gate to different input states, providing bounds on the process fidelity. We find the highest fidelity operations with the color code, with the fault-tolerant SPAM operation achieving fidelities of 0.99939(15) and 0.99959(13) when preparing eigenstates of the logical X and Z operators, which is higher than the average physical qubit SPAM fidelities of 0.9968(2) and 0.9970(1) for the physical X and Z bases, respectively. When combined with a logical transversal CNOT gate, we find the color code to perform the sequence--state preparation, CNOT, measure out--with an average fidelity bounded by [0.9957,0.9963]. The logical fidelity bounds are higher than the analogous physical-level fidelity bounds, which we find to be [0.9850,0.9903], reflecting multiple physical noise sources such as SPAM errors for two qubits, several single-qubit gates, a two-qubit gate and some amount of memory error

Electron cloud build-up in two-beam regions for HL-LHC, heat load and vacuum aspects

Electron cloud in particle accelerators is known to havea detrimental eect on the vacuum pressure and can causea large heat deposition on a vacuum chamber surface. In aparticle collider, in the presence of two beams in the samechamber, the build-up of the electron cloud becomes morecomplicated and the electron density cannot be simply scaledfrom the case of a single beam. The build-up process in thedevices with common chambers can be modeled by correctlyaccounting for the arrival times of the two beams, the beampositions and their sizes. Numerical studies were made toestimate the electron flux on the internal surfaces of twocommon chamber devices of the future High LuminosityLarge Hadron Collider: the triplet assemblies in the fourexperimental insertion regions and the injection protectionabsorber (TDIS). Dierent possible coating options in bothdevices were investigated aiming at a reduction of the elec-tron current and of the deposited heat load

Trial operation of material protection, control, and accountability systems at two active nuclear material handling sites within the All-Russian Institute of Experimental Physics (VNIIEF)

This paper discusses Russian Federal Nuclear Center (RFNC)-VNIIEF activities in the area of nuclear material protection, control, and accounting (MPC and A) procedures enhancement. The goal of such activities is the development of an automated systems for MPC and A at two of the active VNIIEF research sites: a research (reactor) site and a nuclear material production facility. The activities for MPC and A system enhancement at both sites are performed in the framework of a VNIIEF-Los Alamos National Laboratory contract with participation from Sandia National Laboratories, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and PANTEX Plant in accordance with Russian programs supported by MinAtom. The American specialists took part in searching for possible improvement of technical solutions, ordering equipment, and delivering and testing the equipment that was provided by the Americans

Demonstration of safeguards technology at the Russian Institute of Experimental Physics (VNIIEF), Arzamas-16

As part of the US-Russian Lab-to-Lab program for strengthening nuclear material protection, control, and accounting (MPC&A), a testbed facility has been established in a laboratory of the VNIIEF to demonstrate safeguards technology to nuclear facility operators. The design of the testbed MPC&A system provides the functions of nondestructive measurements for plutonium and highly enriched uranium, item control, personnel access control, radiation portal monitoring, search equipment, and computerized on-line accounting. The system controls, monitors, and accounts for nuclear material and people as the material moves through three MBAs. It also assists with physical inventory taking. A total of 39 instruments and control systems are being demonstrated in the present version of the testbed. Of these, about half are of Russian design and fabrication, including the software for the item monitoring and the accounting systems. These two computer systems are on an ethernet network and connected in a client-server local area architecture. The item monitoring system is integrated with the accounting system, providing alarm and status information to a central dispatcher terminal. The operation of the MPC&A testbed has been demonstrated under routine and alarm conditions in collaboration with safeguards staff from the six participating US national labs. Workshops and training for Russian nuclear facility operators are in progress. As needs for additional MPC&A technology at specific plants are identified, these are incorporated into the testbed and used to certify the hardware and software for implementation at the plant

Implementation of MPC and A systems at the VNIIEF research (reactor) site

As part of the US-Russian Lab-to-Lab program for strengthening nuclear material protection, control, and accounting (MPC and A), an integrated MPC and A system is being installed at a large site within the VNIIEF complex to upgrade safeguards on the nuclear material stored and used at this site. In addition to storage facilities, the site houses a number of critical facilities at which nuclear physics research is conducted. The design of the MPC and A system is based on the test bed work presented earlier and provides the functions of nondestructive measurements for plutonium and highly enriched uranium, item control, personnel access control, radiation portal monitoring, and computed on-line accounting. The system controls, monitors, and accounts for nuclear material and people as the material moves through three material balance areas, a measurement room, and a number of control points. It also assists with physical inventory taking. The instrumentation used to implement these functions will include US commercial equipment as well as Russian-designed and -fabricated items