Review of the Impact of Bank and Market Based Financial Structure on Economic Growth in Nigeria

The study reviewed the impact of bank and market based financial structure on economic growth in Nigeria for the period 1990-2012. The objectives of the study were to determine the impact of bank-based financial structure, market-based financial structure and total financial services on economic growth. The study used “Expost-facto” research design. Ordinary Least Square Regression model was used in data analysis. The study finds that market-based financial structure has negative and insignificant impact on economic growth while bank-based financial structure and total financial services have positive and significant impact on economic growth. The implication of the finding is that the Nigerian financial structure is bank-based and not market-based.  It also implies that total financial service is significant to economic growth; hence, financial structure classification is irrelevant. It was recommended that efforts should be intensified to ensure greater provision of total financial services to the domestic economy. Efforts should be geared towards revamping the Nigerian Capital Market activities as a way of encouraging its contribution to economic growth. Keywords: Market size, Bank activity, AK growth theory, Total financial service

The chromatin landscape of healthy and injured cell types in the human kidney

There is a need to define regions of gene activation or repression that control human kidney cells in states of health, injury, and repair to understand the molecular pathogenesis of kidney disease and design therapeutic strategies. Comprehensive integration of gene expression with epigenetic features that define regulatory elements remains a significant challenge. We measure dual single nucleus RNA expression and chromatin accessibility, DNA methylation, and H3K27ac, H3K4me1, H3K4me3, and H3K27me3 histone modifications to decipher the chromatin landscape and gene regulation of the kidney in reference and adaptive injury states. We establish a spatially-anchored epigenomic atlas to define the kidney’s active, silent, and regulatory accessible chromatin regions across the genome. Using this atlas, we note distinct control of adaptive injury in different epithelial cell types. A proximal tubule cell transcription factor network of ELF3, KLF6, and KLF10 regulates the transition between health and injury, while in thick ascending limb cells this transition is regulated by NR2F1. Further, combined perturbation of ELF3, KLF6, and KLF10 distinguishes two adaptive proximal tubular cell subtypes, one of which manifested a repair trajectory after knockout. This atlas will serve as a foundation to facilitate targeted cell-specific therapeutics by reprogramming gene regulatory networks. © 2024, The Author(s).Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]