Bilinear and quadratic Hamiltonians in two-mode cavity quantum electrodynamics

In this work we show how to engineer bilinear and quadratic Hamiltonians in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) through the interaction of a single driven two-level atom with cavity modes. The validity of the engineered Hamiltonians is numerically analyzed even considering the effects of both dissipative mechanisms, the cavity field and the atom. The present scheme can be used, in both optical and microwave regimes, for quantum state preparation, the implementation of quantum logical operations, and fundamental tests of quantum theory.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure

Nonadiabatic coherent evolution of two-level systems under spontaneous decay

In this paper we extend current perspectives in engineering reservoirs by producing a time-dependent master equation leading to a nonstationary superposition equilibrium state that can be nonadiabatically controlled by the system-reservoir parameters. Working with an ion trapped inside a nonindeal cavity we first engineer effective Hamiltonians that couple the electronic states of the ion with the cavity mode. Subsequently, two classes of decoherence-free evolution of the superposition of the ground and decaying excited levels are achieved: those with time-dependent azimuthal or polar angle. As an application, we generalise the purpose of an earlier study [Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 150403 (2006)], showing how to observe the geometric phases acquired by the protected nonstationary states even under a nonadiabatic evolution.Comment: 5 pages, no figure

Estratégia de sobrevivência de panicum maximum tanzânia sob pastejo rotacionado.

Foi avaliada a dinâmica de perfilhamento do capim-tanzânia ao longo de um ano, visando caracterizar sua estratégia de sobrevivência em 5 touceiras. As maiores taxas de natalidade ocorreram em janeiro (76,6 p.100) e março (51,3 p.100) e as menores em junho (19,7 p.100) e agosto (13,2 p.100). As maiores taxas de mortalidade ocorreram em janeiro (72,5 p.100) e março (55,2 p.100) e as menores em abril (28,8 p.100) a outubro (24,4 p.100). Houve florescimento quando o fotoperíodo foi inferior a 11,5 horas (abril-agosto), onde as taxas de natalidade foram menores devido à dominância apical. Entre janeiro e abril houve intensa renovação de perfilhos. Grande proporção de perfilhos da geração que surgiu em março sobreviveu durante o período seco. Portanto, nesta geração, devem ser aplicadas técnicas de manejo visando à perenidade do pasto

Superscars in the LiNC=LiCN isomerization reaction

We demonstrate the existence of superscarring in the LiNC=LiCN isomerization reaction described by a realistic potential interaction in the range of readily attainable experimental energies. This phenomenon arises as the effect of two periodic orbits appearing "out of the blue"in a saddle--node bifurcation taking place in the dynamics of the system. Potential practical consequences of this superlocalization in the corresponding wave functions are also considered.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures. to appear in EP

On the robustness of scale invariance in SOC models

A random neighbor extremal stick-slip model is introduced. In the thermodynamic limit, the distribution of states has a simple analytical form and the mean avalanche size, as a function of the coupling parameter, is exactly calculable. The system is critical only at a special point Jc in the coupling parameter space. However, the critical region around this point, where approximate scale invariance holds, is very large, suggesting a mechanism for explaining the ubiquity of scale invariance in Nature.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures; submitted to Physical Review E; http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevE.59.496

Qualidade de solo e água como indicadores de recuperação de áreas degradadas submetidas a manejo agroflorestal.

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Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of the Loin of Grazing Lambs From Different Production Systems

The international sheep market is supplied mainly from New Zealand and Australia, where there are advanced production systems and marketing organisations, and where the product is exported mainly in the form of carcasses and cuts. In Brazil, the farmers should aim to produce a younger animal, with an adequate fat level at an optimum stage of muscle development, in order to gain market share The proportions of muscle, bone and fat largely determine the value of the carcass, and the breed and age of animal, in addition to other factors such as feeding systems, cause variation in the proportions (Purchas et al., 1991). Grazing systems may be considered in Brazil due to reduced production costs. Measuring M. longissimus (the loin muscle) traits is a way of evaluating carcass quality because this muscle is one of the most important commercial cuts and represents total carcass characteristics. The objective of this study was to determine qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the loin of lambs on different production systems

Padrão de crescimento populacional dos perfilhos de Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia.

Disponível em: http://www.usp.br/siicusp/11osiicusp/index.htm. Acesso em: 10 de dez. 2003