520 research outputs found
Dissipative stabilization of entangled cat states using a driven Bose-Hubbard dimer
We analyze a modified Bose-Hubbard model, where two cavities having on-site
Kerr interactions are subject to two-photon driving and correlated dissipation.
We derive an exact solution for the steady state of this interacting
driven-dissipative system, and use it show that the system permits the
preparation and stabilization of pure entangled non-Gaussian states, so-called
entangled cat states. Unlike previous proposals for dissipative stabilization
of such states, our approach requires only a linear coupling to a single
engineered reservoir (as opposed to nonlinear couplings to two or more
reservoirs). Our scheme is within the reach of state-of-the-art experiments in
circuit QED.Comment: 5 pages main text, 5 pages appendices, 6 figure
The information about the state of a charge qubit gained by a weakly coupled quantum point contact
We analyze the information that one can learn about the state of a quantum
two-level system, i.e. a qubit, when probed weakly by a nearby detector. We
consider the general case where the qubit Hamiltonian and the qubit's operator
probed by the detector do not commute. Because the qubit's state keeps evolving
while being probed and the measurement data is mixed with a detector-related
background noise, one might expect the detector to fail in this case. We show,
however, that under suitable conditions and by proper analysis of the
measurement data useful information about the initial state of the qubit can be
extracted. Our approach complements the usual master-equation and
quantum-trajectory approaches, which describe the evolution of the qubit's
quantum state during the measurement process but do not keep track of the
acquired measurement information.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; Published in the proceedings of the Nobel
Symposium 141: Qubits for Future Quantum Informatio
Simultaneous readout of two charge qubits
We consider a system of two solid state charge qubits, coupled to a single
read-out device, consisting of a single-electron transistor (SET). The
conductance of each tunnel junction is influenced by its neighboring qubit, and
thus the current through the transistor is determined by the qubits' state. The
full counting statistics of the electrons passing the transistor is calculated,
and we discuss qubit dephasing, as well as the quantum efficiency of the
readout. The current measurement is then compared to readout using real-time
detection of the SET island's charge state. For the latter method we show that
the quantum efficiency is always unity. Comparing the two methods a simple
geometrical interpretation of the quantum efficiency of the current measurement
appears. Finally, we note that full quantum efficiency in some cases can be
achieved measuring the average charge of the SET island, in addition to the
average current.Comment: 11 pages with 5 figure
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The cardiomyocyte "redox rheostat": Redox signalling via the AMPK-mTOR axis and regulation of gene and protein expression balancing survival and death.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in development of heart failure but, at a cellular level, their effects range from cytoprotection to induction of cell death. Understanding how this is regulated is crucial to develop novel strategies to ameliorate only the detrimental effects. Here, we revisited the fundamental hypothesis that the level of ROS per se is a key factor in the cellular response by applying different concentrations of H2O2 to cardiomyocytes. High concentrations rapidly reduced intracellular ATP and inhibited protein synthesis. This was associated with activation of AMPK which phosphorylated and inhibited Raptor, a crucial component of mTOR complex-1 that regulates protein synthesis. Inhibition of protein synthesis by high concentrations of H2O2 prevents synthesis of immediate early gene products required for downstream gene expression, and such mRNAs (many encoding proteins required to deal with oxidant stress) were only induced by lower concentrations. Lower concentrations of H2O2 promoted mTOR phosphorylation, associated with differential recruitment of some mRNAs to the polysomes for translation. Some of the upregulated genes induced by low H2O2 levels are cytoprotective. We identified p21Cip1/WAF1 as one such protein, and preventing its upregulation enhanced the rate of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The data support the concept of a "redox rheostat" in which different degrees of ROS influence cell energetics and intracellular signalling pathways to regulate mRNA and protein expression. This sliding scale determines cell fate, modulating survival vs death
Stabilizing two-qubit entanglement with engineered synthetic squeezing
It is well known that qubits immersed in a squeezed vacuum environment
exhibit many exotic phenomena, including dissipative entanglement
stabilization. Here, we show that these effects only require interference
between excitation and decay processes, and can be faithfully mimicked without
non-classical light using simple classical temporal modulation. We present
schemes that harnesses this idea to stabilize entanglement between two remote
qubits coupled via a transmission line or waveguide, where either the
qubit-waveguide coupling is modulated, or the qubits are directly driven. We
analyze the resilience of these approaches against various imperfections, and
also characterize the trade-off between the speed and quality of entanglement
stabilization. Our protocols are compatible with state of the art cavity QED
systems.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure
Sequential Strong Measurements and Heat Vision
We study scenarios where a finite set of non-demolition von-Neumann
measurements are available. We note that, in some situations, repeated
application of such measurements allows estimating an infinite number of
parameters of the initial quantum state, and illustrate the point with a
physical example. We then move on to study how the system under observation is
perturbed after several rounds of projective measurements. While in the finite
dimensional case the effect of this perturbation always saturates, there are
some instances of infinite dimensional systems where such a perturbation is
accumulative, and the act of retrieving information about the system increases
its energy indefinitely (i.e., we have `Heat Vision'). We analyze this effect
and discuss a specific physical system with two dichotomic von-Neumann
measurements where Heat Vision is expected to show.Comment: See the Appendix for weird examples of heat visio
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