3 research outputs found
Variability and Reliability of Graphene Field-Effect Transistors with CaF2 Insulators
Graphene is a promising material for applications as a channel in graphene
field-effect transistors (GFETs) which may be used as a building block for
optoelectronics, high-frequency devices and sensors. However, these devices
require gate insulators which ideally should form atomically flat interfaces
with graphene and at the same time contain small densities of traps to maintain
high device stability. Previously used amorphous oxides, such as SiO2 and
Al2O3, however, typically suffer from oxide dangling bonds at the interface,
high surface roughness and numerous border oxide traps. In order to address
these challenges, here we use for the first time 2nm thick epitaxial CaF2 as a
gate insulator in GFETs. By analyzing device-to-device variability for over 200
devices fabricated in two batches, we find that tens of them show similar gate
transfer characteristics. Our statistical analysis of the hysteresis up to 175C
has revealed that while an ambient-sensitive counterclockwise hysteresis can be
present in some devices, the dominant mechanism is thermally activated charge
trapping by border defects in CaF2 which results in the conventional clockwise
hysteresis. We demonstrate that both the hysteresis and bias-temperature
instabilities in our GFETs with CaF2 are comparable to similar devices with
SiO2 and Al2O3. In particular, we achieve a small hysteresis below 0.01 V for
equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) of about 1 nm at the electric fields up to 15
MV/cm and sweep times in the kilosecond range. Thus, our results demonstrate
that crystalline CaF2 is a promising insulator for highly-stable GFETs
EVALUATION OF QUALITY OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION CONTROL IN POPULATION OF VOLOGDA REGION
Aim. To study results of registration, calculation and evaluation of quality of arterial hypertension (HT) control (HT Register) in Vologda Region (VR).Material and methods. HT Register system is developed and legislatively introduced in the VR. Blood pressure registration in every visitor of out-patient clinics is the basic principle of HT Register. The algorithm of HT diagnosis in primary medical care of rural public health services was developed. Analysis of results of HT Register implementation in VR during 2004-2007 is presented.Results. Patients with HT stage 1 seek medical help more often in cities while patients with HT stage 3 seek medical help more often in villages. Patients with HT in villages take antihypertensive drugs more often, but they have more risk factors and associate conditions.Conclusion. Improvement of HT pharmacotherapy was observed in urban and rural districts of VR. At the same time non pharmacologic HT control has to be developed